{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:19:13Z","timestamp":1791973153036,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,30]],"date-time":"2012-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inversion injuries involve about 25 % of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system and about 50 % of these injuries are sport\u2010related. This article reviews the acute lateral ankle injuries with special emphasis on a rationale for treatment of these injuries in athletes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A narrative review was performed using Pubmed\/Medline, Ovid and Embase using key words: ankle ligaments, injury, lateral ligament, ankle sprain and athlete. Articles related to the topic were included and reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is estimated that one inversion injury of the ankle occurs for every 10,000 people each day. Ankle sprains constitute 7\u201310 % of all admissions to hospital emergency departments. Inversion injuries involve about 25 % of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system, and about 50 % of these injuries are sport\u2010related. The lateral ankle ligament complex consists of three ligaments: the anterior talofibular ligament, the calcaneofibular ligament and the posterior talofibular ligament. The most common trauma mechanism is supination and adduction (inversion) of the plantar\u2010flexed foot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Delayed physical examination provides a more accurate diagnosis. Ultrasound and MRI can be useful in diagnosing associated injury and are routine investigations in professional athletes. Successful treatment of grade II and III acute lateral ankle ligament injuries can be achieved with individualized aggressive, non\u2010operative measures. RICE therapy is the treatment of choice for the first 4\u20135\u00a0days to reduce pain and swelling. Initially, 10\u201314\u00a0days of immobilization in a below the knee cast\/brace is beneficial followed by a period in a lace\u2010up brace or functional taping reduces the risk of recurrent injury. Acute repair of the lateral ankle ligaments in grade III injuries in professional athletes may give better results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2252-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T10:20:53Z","timestamp":1351506053000},"page":"1390-1395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Management of acute lateral ankle ligament injury in the athlete"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Michel P. J.","family":"van den Bekerom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam Academic Medical Centre P.O. Box 22660 Meibergdreef 15 1105 Amsterdam AZ The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gino M. M. J.","family":"Kerkhoffs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Research Center Amsterdam Academic Medical Centre P.O. Box 22660 Meibergdreef 15 1105 Amsterdam AZ The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham A.","family":"McCollum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Chelsea &amp; Westminister Hospital 369 Fulham Road SW10 9NH London UK"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Fortius Clinic 17 Fitzhardinge St W1H 6EQ London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D. F.","family":"Calder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Chelsea &amp; Westminister Hospital 369 Fulham Road SW10 9NH London UK"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Fortius Clinic 17 Fitzhardinge St W1H 6EQ London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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