{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T10:04:34Z","timestamp":1781777074973,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]],"date-time":"2012-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives of the study were to examine knee kinematics in knees with severe valgus deformities and to compare pre\u2010 and post\u2010operative knee kinematics for the same subjects implanted with medial\u2010pivot total knee arthroplasty (TKA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven subjects with severe valgus deformities due to osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were enrolled in the prospective study. Prior to TKA, three\u2010dimensional (3D) kinematics were assessed by 3D to 2D registration technique using the image matching software \u2018Knee Motion\u2019, under in vivo, weight\u2010bearing conditions. Postoperatively, each subject again performed the same motion under fluoroscopic surveillance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preoperative kinematics demonstrated external rotation of tibias from extension to flexion, and small posterior femoral translations dominated in the medial condyle associated with anterior slides during partial range of motion. Postoperatively, these non\u2010physiological tibial rotations were restored, and most subjects exhibited small internal rotations of tibias. On average, preoperative tibial internal rotation was \u22124.7\u00b0 \u00b1 7.6\u00b0 from full extension to maximum flexion, and the angle was 4.8\u00b0 \u00b1 3.1\u00b0 postoperatively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). In addition, small amounts of posterior translation of the lateral condyle and anterior translation of the medial condyle were confirmed in most subjects postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study showed that the preoperative kinematic pattern established in severe valgus deformity was different from the physiological knee pattern. In addition, post\u2010operative results suggest that the non\u2010physiological kinematics were partially restored after TKA by using the prosthesis design even in the absence of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and the cam\u2013post mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>II.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2315-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]],"date-time":"2012-11-29T08:19:10Z","timestamp":1354177150000},"page":"1599-1606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Partial restoration of knee kinematics in severe valgus deformity using the medial\u2010pivot total knee arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hyogo Rehabilitation Center Hospital 1070 Akebono\u2010cho, Nishi\u2010ku 651\u20102181 Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hyogo Rehabilitation Center Hospital 1070 Akebono\u2010cho, Nishi\u2010ku 651\u20102181 Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaaki","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hyogo Rehabilitation Center Hospital 1070 Akebono\u2010cho, Nishi\u2010ku 651\u20102181 Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Tsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hyogo Rehabilitation Center Hospital 1070 Akebono\u2010cho, Nishi\u2010ku 651\u20102181 Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsushiro","family":"Iguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hyogo Rehabilitation Center Hospital 1070 Akebono\u2010cho, Nishi\u2010ku 651\u20102181 Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.495283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2010.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301\u2010620X.84B1.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506287299"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086\u2010200011000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301\u2010620X.82B8.10716"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Biomechanics of the knee joint. 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