{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:20:29Z","timestamp":1788254429742,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospectively, a consecutive group of patients troubled by recurrent patella dislocation and trochlear dysplasia has been followed after a combined arthroscopic deepening trochleoplasty and reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament. The purpose of this follow\u2010up study is to report the clinical results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indications for combined arthroscopic deepening trochleoplasty and reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament were two or more patellar dislocations with a persistent apprehension sign above 20\u00b0 of flexion and trochlear dysplasia grade B or more. Prospectively, the Tegner, Kujala and KOOS scores were recorded. Thirty\u2010one consecutive patients (37\u00a0knees), 21 women and 10\u00a0men, with a median age of 19 (12\u201339) underwent the procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results were obtained for 29\u00a0knees with a minimum of 12\u2010month follow\u2010up (average 29\u00a0months; range 12\u201357). No complications, redislocations or arthrofibrosis have been recorded. Five patients needed further surgery. The median pre\u2010 and postoperative scores (range) are as follows: Kujala 64 (12\u201390) to 95 (47\u2013100); Tegner 4 (1\u20136) to 6 (4\u20139); KOOS score pain 86\u201394; symptoms 82\u201386; ADL 91\u201399; sport 40\u201386; QDL 25\u201381. No significant correlation was found with respect to the results and recorded parameters. Significant improvement for all of the scores was observed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of arthroscopic deepening trochleoplasty in combination with reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament was found to be a safe and reproducible procedure. Considering the stability achieved, the knee scores and the patient's level of satisfaction, the results are encouraging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective consecutive case series, with evaluation of confounding factor. No control group, Level IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2422-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,31]],"date-time":"2013-01-31T07:32:51Z","timestamp":1359617571000},"page":"2484-2490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Combined arthroscopic deepening trochleoplasty and reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament for patients with recurrent patella dislocation and trochlear dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lars","family":"Bl\u00f8nd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Gildh\u00f8j Private Hospital Falkevej 6 2670 Greve Strand, Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micael","family":"Haugegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Gildh\u00f8j Private Hospital Falkevej 6 2670 Greve Strand, Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301\u2010620X.90B7.20447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010642\u201005424\u20102_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679008993061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Die trochleaplastik als Chirurgische therapie der Reziderenden patellaluxation bei trochleadysplasie","volume":"7","author":"Bereiter H","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthroskopie"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264\u2010010\u20101142\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010005\u20100015\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.59B2.873986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Bl\u00f8ndL(2009)Prospective evaluation of open trochleoplasty in patients with recurrent patella dislocation and severe trochlea dysplasia.Danish association of orthopaedics annual meetinghttp:\/\/www.ortopaedi.dk\/fileadmin\/bulletin\/DOS%20nr.%203%20%202009\u2010netbrug.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010009\u20100935\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509353132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504272686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.216.2.r00au07582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Patella infera. apropos of 128 cases","volume":"68","author":"Caton J","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010005\u20100699\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658010-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264\u2010009\u20100933\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Dysplasia of the femoral trochlea","volume":"76","author":"Dejour H","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01552649"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2006.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010011\u20101410\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Resultats apr\u00e9s 3 ans de recul de 51 trochl\u00e9oplasties pour instabilit\u00e9 frontale f\u00e9moropatellaire","volume":"87","author":"Gougeon F","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"678","article-title":"Retro\u2010trochlear wedge reduction trochleoplasty for the treatment of painful patella syndrome with protruding trochleae. 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