{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:19:52Z","timestamp":1792498792308,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,6]],"date-time":"2013-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recurrent patella subluxation may be secondary to excessive external tibial torsion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of patients undergoing tibial derotation osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transfer for recurrent patella subluxation in association with excessive external tibial torsion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A combined tibial derotation osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transfer was performed in 15\u00a0knees (12 patients) with recurrent patella subluxation secondary to excessive external tibial torsion. Clinical evaluation was carried out using preoperative and post\u2010operative Knee Society Score (KSS), Kujala Patellofemoral score, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, the short form\u201012 (SF\u201012) and a visual analogue score (VAS) pain scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median follow\u2010up period was 84\u00a0months (range 15\u2013156) and median patient age was 34 years (range 19\u201357 years). The median preoperative external tibial torsion was 62\u00b0 (range 55\u00b0\u201370\u00b0), with a median rotational correction of 36\u00b0 (range 30\u00b0\u201345\u00b0) after surgery. Significant improvement (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) was found in the KSS part I (37 \u00b1 14 to 89 \u00b1 11 points), KSS part II (25 \u00b1 26 to 85 \u00b1 14 points), Kujala score, the SF\u201012 outcome, WOMAC score and VAS score (8.8 \u00b1 1.9 to 2.4 \u00b1 1.5). Two patients had a nonunion of the tibial osteotomy site; one patient required bone grafting, while another patient required revision to total knee arthroplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients presenting with recurrent patella subluxation secondary to excessive external tibial torsion &gt;45\u00b0 who underwent tibial derotation osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transfer achieved a satisfactory outcome in terms of pain relief and improved function. A significant complication was seen in 2\/15 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series, Level IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2561-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,5]],"date-time":"2013-06-05T08:29:48Z","timestamp":1370420988000},"page":"2682-2689","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Tibial rotational osteotomy and distal tuberosity transfer for patella subluxation secondary to excessive external tibial torsion: surgical technique and clinical outcome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Drexler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"640 Roselwan Av. 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