{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:21:14Z","timestamp":1792498874358,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is performed to treat recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD). However, the effectiveness of MPFL reconstruction in patients with a severely lateralised tibial tuberosity remains unknown. In this study, the clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction in patients with an increased tibial tuberosity\u2013trochlear groove (TT\u2013TG) distance were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of thirty\u2010four patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction for RPD were retrospectively examined. Nineteen patients with a TT\u2013TG distance of &gt;20\u00a0mm (increased TT\u2013TG distance group) were compared with 15 patients with a TT\u2013TG distance of &lt;20\u00a0mm (control group). Clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction were evaluated by occurrence of re\u2010dislocation, Crosby and Insall grading system, apprehension sign, and Kujala and Lysholm scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>None of the patients reported re\u2010dislocation. Apprehension sign remained in three patients in the increased TT\u2013TG distance group and in one patient in the control group. According to the Crosby and Insall grading system, 9 patients (47 %) were excellent, 9 (47 %) were good, and 1 (5 %) was fair to poor in the increased TT\u2013TG distance group, while 6 (40 %) were excellent and 9 (60 %) were good in the control group. Kujala and Lysholm scores were significantly improved post\u2010operatively in both groups. No significant correlations were observed between TT\u2013TG distance and post\u2010operative Kujala or Lysholm score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction were favourable even in patients with an increased TT\u2013TG distance. TT\u2013TG distance of &gt;20\u00a0mm may not be an absolute indication for medialisation of the tibial tuberosity when performing MPFL reconstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case\u2013control study, Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2919-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]],"date-time":"2014-03-03T19:34:07Z","timestamp":1393875247000},"page":"2438-2444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Clinical outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in patients with an increased tibial tuberosity\u2013trochlear groove distance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine 7\u20105\u20101\u00a0Kusunoki\u2010Cho 650\u20100017 Chuo\u2010Ku, Kobe Hyogo 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