{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T03:07:19Z","timestamp":1793070439324,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,5]],"date-time":"2014-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate mid\u2010term follow\u2010up results of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using a bioactive synthetic ligament in the treatment of objective patellofemoral (PF) instability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen patients (18\u00a0knees) presenting with objective PF instability underwent a MPFL reconstruction, isolated or associated with other surgical procedures for PF stabilization. All patients were clinically evaluated at a minimum follow\u2010up of 3 years. Kujala, subjective IKDC and KOOS scores were used to assess clinical outcome. Pre\u2010operative and post\u2010operative pain was quantified with VAS scale and the overall satisfaction graded according to Insall and Crosby. Although none of the patients in this series were involved in high\u2010level sports activity because of patellofemoral instability, activity level pre\u2010operatively and at follow\u2010up were evaluated according to Tegner scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No recurrence of dislocation was observed in this series. The overall satisfaction rate was 88.8 %. Kujala score improved significantly from 57 \u00b1 8.4 to 84.3 \u00b1 10.2 points (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 01). Both subjective IKDC (42.4 \u00b1 7.13 to 70.1 \u00b1 3.9) and KOOS (62.7 \u00b1 4.34 to 82.8 \u00b1 8.8) significantly improved from pre\u2010operative evaluation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 01). VAS decreased from a mean pre\u2010operative value of 2.5 \u00b1 1.6 to 1.4 \u00b1 1.5 at 3 years follow\u2010up. Only one patient required revision debridement surgery for persistent medial epicondylar pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolated or associated MPFL reconstruction with bioactive synthetic ligament is a valid option in surgical treatment of objective PF instability, with results at mid\u2010term follow\u2010up comparable to autologous graft, thus minimizing donor\u2010site morbidity and associated complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2970-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T01:51:07Z","timestamp":1396576267000},"page":"2419-2425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with bioactive synthetic ligament is an option. A 3\u2010year follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Berruto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Chirurgia Articolare del Ginocchio Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ferrua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Chirurgia Articolare del Ginocchio Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Uboldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Chirurgia Articolare del Ginocchio Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Usellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Chirurgia Articolare del Ginocchio Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Gala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Chirurgia Articolare del Ginocchio Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Tassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Day Surgery Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Marelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ortotraumatologia Generale e Chirurgie Ortopediche Specialistiche Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1 20122 Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Patella infera. 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