{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T08:00:51Z","timestamp":1769155251444,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,14]],"date-time":"2014-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,14]],"date-time":"2014-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, to evaluate whether medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) induces alterations of the microstructure of the lateral tibial subchondral bone plate of sheep. Second, to test the hypothesis that specific correlations exist between topographical structural alterations of the subchondral bone, the cartilage and the lateral meniscus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three experimental groups received biplanar osteotomies of the right proximal tibiae: (a) closing wedge HTO (4.5\u00b0 of tibial varus), (b) opening wedge HTO (4.5\u00b0 tibial valgus; standard correction) and (c) opening wedge HTO (9.5\u00b0 of valgus; overcorrection), each of which was compared to the non\u2010osteotomised contralateral proximal tibiae. After 6\u00a0months, subchondral bone structure indices were measured by computed tomography. Correlations between the subchondral bone, the articular cartilage and the lateral meniscus were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased loading by valgus overcorrection led to an enlarged specific bone surface (BS\/BV) in the subarticular spongiosa compared with unloading by varisation. The subchondral bone plate was 3.9\u2010fold thicker in the central region of the lateral tibial plateau than in the submeniscal periphery. Its thickness in the central region significantly correlated with the thickness of the articular cartilage. In the submeniscal region, such correlation did not exist. In general, a higher degree of osteoarthritis (OA) correlated with alterations of the subchondral bone plate microstructure. OA of the submeniscal articular cartilage also correlated with worse matrix staining of the lateral meniscus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteoarthritis changes are associated with alterations of the subchondral bone plate microstructure. Specific topographical relationships exist in the central region between the articular cartilage and subchondral bone plate thickness, and in the submeniscal periphery between and the articular cartilage and lateral meniscus. From a clinical perspective, the combined follow\u2010up data from this and the previous two investigations suggest that open wedge valgus HTO is a safe procedure for the lateral compartment to manage medial osteoarthritis of the knee with varus malalignment in the short term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3134-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,13]],"date-time":"2014-06-13T11:06:04Z","timestamp":1402657564000},"page":"2704-2714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effect of open wedge high tibial osteotomy on the lateral tibiofemoral compartment in sheep. Part III: analysis of the microstructure of the subchondral bone and correlations with the articular cartilage and meniscus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Raphaela","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Experimental Orthopaedics Saarland University Kirrbergerstr. 1, Building 37 66421 Homburg Saarland Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Goebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Experimental Orthopaedics Saarland University Kirrbergerstr. 1, Building 37 66421 Homburg Saarland Germany"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Saarland University 66421 Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Seidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Saarland University Medical Center Kirrberger Stra\u00dfe, Building 57 66421 Homburg Saarland Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magali","family":"Cucchiarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Experimental Orthopaedics Saarland University Kirrbergerstr. 1, Building 37 66421 Homburg Saarland Germany"},{"name":"Cartilage Net of the Greater Region Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietrich","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg 1460 Luxembourg Luxembourg"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Research Laboratory Public Research Centre for Health Luxembourg, Centre M\u00e9dical de la Fondation Norbert Metz 76 Rue d'Eich 1460 Luxembourg Luxembourg"},{"name":"Cartilage Net of the Greater Region Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Madry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Experimental Orthopaedics Saarland 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