{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:09:26Z","timestamp":1790726966735,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteochondral lesions of the talus are often located posteromedially requiring open surgery to facilitate solid and complete osteochondral reconstruction. The aim of the study was to identify the optimal anatomical site for medial malleolar osteotomy based on the criteria of minimal cartilage damage (Study I) and to report on the morbidity in patients receiving osteotomy performed at the previously identified site (Study II).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For Study I, cartilage coverage of the tibiofibular ankle joint facet was measured in 40 cadaveric ankles (20 cadaver specimens). In Study II, we assessed clinical (VAS pain score, AOFAS score, range of motion) and radiological outcome measures (SPECT\u2010CT) in 17 patients (mean age, 36.8 \u00b1 10.8 years) undergoing medial malleolar osteotomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medial edge in the transition zone of the tibial plafond to the medial malleolus showed less than 75 % of cartilage coverage in 62.5 % of cadavers (Study I). Surgery resulted in lower pain levels (2.4 \u00b1 2.6 compared with 6.3 \u00b1 1.8 points; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and greater AOFAS scores (82.9 \u00b1 14.1 compared with 43.5 \u00b1 10.8 to points; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) compared with baseline (Study II). No signs of intra\u2010operative damage or mal\u2010 or non\u2010union were found. Long\u2010term morbidity was found in one patient. Implant removal was necessary in 12 of 17 patients (71 %).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anatomically, there is an optimal location for the medial malleolar osteotomy at the medial ankle edge involving minimal cartilage damage. Clinical results using this location showed no short\u2010 or mid\u2010term morbidity and little long\u2010term morbidity. However, many patients required re\u2010intervention for implant removal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]],"date-time":"2015-04-08T10:17:17Z","timestamp":1428488237000},"page":"2133-2139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Medial malleolar osteotomy for the treatment of talar osteochondral lesions: anatomical and morbidity considerations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Leumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department University Hospital of Basel Spitalstrasse 21 4031 Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Horisberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department University Hospital of Basel Spitalstrasse 21 4031 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Buettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department University Hospital of Basel Spitalstrasse 21 4031 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Mueller\u2010Gerbl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Valderrabano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department University Hospital of Basel Spitalstrasse 21 4031 Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132\u2010012\u20102007\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083\u20107515(03)00016\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941060-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200300002-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00689"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199707000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102008\u20101039773"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402\u2010005\u20100058\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010012\u20102050\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010012\u20102096\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197910000-00045","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: the natural history","volume":"144","author":"Mac Cullough CJ","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067\u20102516(98)80029\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MuchaA DordevicM HirschmannA RaschH AmslerF ArnoldMP HirschmannMTEffect of high tibial osteotomy on joint loading in symptomatic patients with varus aligned knees: a study using SPECT\/CT.Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc(2014)24817166","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3053-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276\u2010008\u20100430\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506287296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010642\u201072019\u20102_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083\u20107515(02)00037\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070102201013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509336336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301\u2010620X.91B9.22570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402\u2010014\u20101991\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0154"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2011.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070602701203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302401202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402\u2010010\u20101227\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2012.0764"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010013\u20102502\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010009\u20101019\u20102"}],"container-title":["Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T13:08:11Z","timestamp":1760879291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-015-3591-y","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-2056","1433-7347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-2056","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-7347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]}}}