{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:14:48Z","timestamp":1786979688769,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2017R1D1A1A09000509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1D1A1A09000509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102017R1D1A1A09000509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102017R1D1A1A09000509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate (1) the efficacy of varus\u2013valgus stress radiographs to adjust the preoperative soft\u2010tissue imbalance and (2) ascertain whether varus\u2013valgus stress radiographs are effective for the correction accuracy in the preoperative planning of the opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From February 2017 to December 2018, a total of 121 consecutive knees that underwent bi\u2010planar OWHTO were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Preoperative planning was performed using a weight\u2010bearing line (WBL). Target WBL was determined according to the status of the medial compartments such as cartilage, meniscus, and preoperative arthritic grade. Preoperative varus\u2013valgus stress radiographs were used to assess the preoperative mediolateral ligament imbalance. The final target correction length of the opening gap was determined by subtracting the difference between the varus\u2013valgus stress radiographs (VVD). All patients were divided into two groups according to the preoperatively planned correction degree: (group A), smaller than average; (group B), larger than average. Patients were also divided into two other groups (VVD adjusted and neglected groups).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Groups A and B were 56 and 54\u00a0knees, respectively. The preoperatively planned correction lengths of the opening gap were 9.33\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5 and 14.16\u2009\u00b1\u20093.96\u00a0mm, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Mean values of the VVD were 0.85\u2009\u00b1\u20090.72, and 1.27\u2009\u00b1\u20091.78\u00a0mm, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Correction errors were 2.17\u2009\u00b1\u20092.06 and 3.52\u2009\u00b1\u20092.16%, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Planned and final correction degrees were also significantly larger (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01, and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively), because the preoperative WBL ratio was significantly smaller in the VVD adjusted group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The VVD values could reproduce the preoperative soft\u2010tissue imbalance and it was more prominent as the correction degree increased. The strategy of subtracting the VVD as assumed soft\u2010tissue imbalance in the preoperative planning worked well for the correction accuracy during OWHTO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06076-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T07:03:39Z","timestamp":1590563019000},"page":"1035-1044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Difference of preoperative varus\u2013valgus stress radiograph is effective for the correction accuracy in the preoperative planning during open\u2010wedge high tibial osteotomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ji Eui","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Ik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Gyeol","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You Sun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4641-305X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Seuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 166 Gumi\u2010ro, Bundang\u2010gu 463\u2010707 Seongnam\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do South 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He received fund: Basic Science Research Program through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (NRF-2017R1D1A1A09000509).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and later amendments or comparable ethical standard.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}