{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1785600069463,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of increased femoral antetorsion (femAT) as a contributor to patellofemoral (PF) osteoarthritis (OA) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether increased femAT was associated with advanced cartilage degeneration in the lateral PF joint.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who underwent complete radiographic workup for surgical intervention due to OA in any knee joint compartment were included. Cartilage morphology according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) cartilage lesion classification system in the PF joint, femoral and tibial torsion, frontal leg axis, and tibial tuberosity\u2010trochlear groove (TT\u2010TG) distance were assessed. Increased femAT was defined as \u2009&gt;\u200920\u00b0 according to previous reports.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 144 patients were included. Ninety\u2010seven patients had a femAT of \u2009&lt;\u200920\u00b0 and 45 of \u2009&gt;\u200920\u00b0. A significant odds ratio (OR) was found for lateral retropatellar (OR 3.5; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) ICRS grade 3 and 4 cartilage degeneration and increased femAT \u2009\u2265\u200920\u00b0. In the medial PF compartment, increased femAT had an inverse effect (OR 0.16; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). No significant ORs were found for TT\u2010TG distance, tibial torsion, or leg axis. The lateral retropatellar ICRS grade showed a linear correlation to increased femAT values. In valgus knees, isolated lateral PF OA had an even more pronounced correlation to increased femAT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased femAT showed higher grades of lateral retropatellar cartilage degeneration, which was even more pronounced in valgus knees.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cohort study: Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06223-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T03:02:49Z","timestamp":1597201369000},"page":"1760-1768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Increased femoral antetorsion correlates with higher degrees of lateral retropatellar cartilage degeneration, further accentuated in genu valgum"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Flury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Andronic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Radiology University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2159-2071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. B.","family":"Imhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. F.","family":"Fucentese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Balgrist University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department University of Zurich Forchstrasse 340 8008 Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519859320"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20348"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","first-page":"2615","article-title":"The determinants of change in patella cartilage volume in osteoarthritic knees","volume":"29","author":"Cicuttini F","year":"2002","journal-title":"J 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