{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T02:25:14Z","timestamp":1789266314960,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003945","name":"Link\u00f6ping University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003945","name":"Link\u00f6pings Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The critical shoulder angle (CSA) and the acromion index (AI) are measurements of acromial shape reported as predictors of degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCT) and glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GH OA). Whether they are the cause or effect of shoulder pathologies is uncertain since pre\u2010morbid radiographs most often are lacking. The main aim of this study was to investigate if CSA or AI were related to the development of RCT or GH OA after 20 years. A secondary aim was to investigate if the CSA and AI had changed over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the hospital archive, 273 preoperative plain shoulder radiographs were found of patients scheduled for elective surgery other than cuff repair and arthroplasty. Forty\u2010five images fulfilled the strict criteria published by Suter and Henninger (2015) and were used to measure CSA and AI with two independent assessors. No patient had any sign of OA in the index radiographs or any information in the medical records indicating RCT. After a median of 20 (16\u201322) years, 30 of these patients were radiologically re\u2010examined with bilateral true frontal views and ultrasound of the rotator cuff. There were 19\u00a0men (20 study shoulders) and 11 females (12 study shoulders).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean age at follow\u2010up was 56 (32\u201378) years. There was no correlation between CSA (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) (n.s) or AI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u2212 0.13) (n.s) in the primary radiographs and OA at follow\u2010up. Nor was any correlation found between index CSA (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.12) (n.s) or AI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u2212 0.13) (n.s) and RCT at follow\u2010up. Mean difference in CSA was \u2212 1.7 (\u2212 10\u20133) degrees and mean AI difference was \u2212 0.04 (\u2212 0.13\u20130.09) between the first and the second radiographs, 20 years later. Bilaterally, mean CSA was 32 and AI 0.61 at follow\u2010up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, no correlation between the CSA, AI and development of OA or RCT could be found. The mean CSA and AI decreased over a 20\u2010year period but the difference was very small. No difference was found between the study shoulders and the contralaterals. These findings question previously reported etiological associations between scapular anatomy and the development of OA or RCT and thereby the use of these calculations as the basis of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>III.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-021-06602-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T08:02:54Z","timestamp":1621411374000},"page":"2648-2655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Neither critical shoulder angle nor acromion index were related with specific pathology 20 years later!"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2193-1165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna C.","family":"Bj\u00f6rnsson Hallgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics in Link\u00f6ping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Link\u00f6ping University S\u2010581 85 Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Adolfsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics in Link\u00f6ping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Link\u00f6ping University S\u2010581 85 Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483071400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010014\u20103499\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402\u2010019\u201003163\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.11.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999\u2010017\u20105249\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00379"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999\u2010011\u20101896\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891\u2010017\u20101559\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086\u2010200302000\u201000016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","unstructured":"IncesoyMA YildizKI TurkOI AkinciS TurgutE AycanOEet al. 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