{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T02:28:25Z","timestamp":1769826505460,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rotator cuff repair is a commonly performed shoulder procedure. In the past 20 years, there has been a shift from mini\u2010open towards arthroscopic repair, and many units exclusively use arthroscopic techniques for rotator cuff surgery. The aim of this study was to find out whether withholding antibiotics had any effect on the infection rate in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of 336 consecutive patients with an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) and a minimum 2\u2010year follow\u2010up was performed. The control group received prophylactic antibiotics (controls) and the cases of interest did not receive perioperative antibiotics. A power analysis was performed according to literature regarding infection proportions. The primary outcome was an infection (superficial or deep) in the operated shoulder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 336 patients who underwent a RCR. Two\u2010hundred\u2010and\u2010twelve in the control group and 124\u00a0in the non\u2010antibiotic group. Average ages were 57.3\u2009\u00b1\u200912.5 and 56.8\u2009\u00b1\u200913.2 years in each group, respectively. The follow\u2010up times ranged from 24 to 76\u00a0months. Equipment used and surgical techniques were identical, only operating times were statistically different between the groups (control 77.2\u2009\u00b1\u200941.3\u00a0min versus no antibiotic cases 52.9\u2009\u00b1\u200916.7\u00a0min) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000009). There was no recorded infection in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection following arthroscopic surgery is uncommon. Small incisions, constant lavage with saline, minimal hardware insertion and short operating times all combine to minimise the risks. Current results point towards no detriment in withholding prophylactic antibiotics in low\u2010risk patients undergoing routine rotator cuff repair surgery. Therefore, judicious use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing this procedure is advocated to prevent potential harm to those it is administered to.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-021-06664-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T13:02:31Z","timestamp":1626181351000},"page":"3956-3960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair without antibiotic prophylaxis does not increase the infection rate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Njalalle","family":"Baraza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Arthroscopy, Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care University of British Columbia 221\u2010181 Keefer Pl V6B 6C1 Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> The Aga Khan University Hospital 3rd Parklands Avenue 00101 Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maciej J. K.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Arthroscopy, Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care University of British Columbia 221\u2010181 Keefer Pl V6B 6C1 Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery University Medical Center Schleswig\u2010Holstein, Campus Kiel Arnold\u2010Heller\u2010Strasse 3 24105 Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan M.","family":"Leith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Arthroscopy, Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care Footbridge Clinic for Integrated Orthopaedic Care University of British Columbia 221\u2010181 Keefer Pl V6B 6C1 Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AlmansooriKA ClarkMIncreasing trends in orthopedic fellowships are not due to inadequate residency training.Educ Res Int(2015)10.1155\/2015\/191470","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/191470"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100038\u20101636950"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS\u2010D\u201017\u201000861"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301\u2010620X.98B8.37359"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"The effective period of preventive antibiotic action in experimental incisions and 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December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Jordan Leith teaches intermittently courses for Arthrex. All other authors certify that they have no commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent\/licencing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was obtained for the study from the University of British Columbia research ethics board (CREB H21-01045).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent for participation and publication was obtained from all participants. The study was carried in accordance with the latest declaration of Helsinki.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}