{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:35:46Z","timestamp":1791250546701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>New scaffold\u2010based cartilage regeneration techniques have been developed to improve the results of microfractures also in complex locations like the patello\u2010femoral joint. The aim of this study was to analyse the results obtained in patellar lesions treated with a bioscaffold, a mixture composed by a chitosan solution, a buffer, and the patient\u2019s whole blood which forms a stable clot into the lesion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifteen patients with ICRS grade 3\u20134 cartilage lesions of the patellar surface were treated with a chitosan bioscaffold. Fourteen patients were clinically and radiologically evaluated prospectively for a minimum follow\u2010up of 2 years with IKDC, KOOS, Tegner score, and MRI. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 31.8\u2009\u00b1\u200911.9 and nine patients presented degenerative aetiology, four patients with previous trauma, and 1 patient with osteochondritis dissecans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The IKDC subjective score improved from 46.2\u2009\u00b1\u200919.3 preoperatively to 69.5\u2009\u00b1\u200920.3 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and 74.1\u2009\u00b1\u200923.2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) at 12 and 24\u00a0months, respectively. Also KOOS Pain, KOOS Sport\/Rec and KOOS QOL showed a significant improvement from baseline to 12\u00a0months and to the final follow\u2010up. MRI evaluation showed a complete filling of the cartilage defect at the final follow\u2010up in 70% of the lesions, obtaining a total MOCART 2.0 score of 71.5\u2009\u00b1\u200913.6 at 24\u00a0months after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chondral patellar lesions represent a complex pathology, with lower results compared to other sites. This bioscaffold represents a safe surgical treatment providing a significant clinical improvement at 24\u00a0months in the treatment of patellar cartilage lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07023-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T05:13:44Z","timestamp":1654751624000},"page":"1714-1722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Chitosan based scaffold applied in patellar cartilage lesions showed positive clinical and MRI results at minimum 2 years of follow up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Poggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 40136 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 40136 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6352-9671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Andriolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 40136 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Reale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 40136 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Filardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Applied and Translational Research (ATR) Center IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Kon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Humanitas Clinical and Research Center \u2013 IRCCS via Manzoni 56 20089 Rozzano (Mi) Italy"},{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4 20090 Pieve Emanuele (Mi) Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Zaffagnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 40136 Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603519852406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520949849"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010016\u20104103\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035211011506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211029292"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513510884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513518552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100032\u20101313741"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509360405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891\u2010020\u201003531\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515620194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856\u2010014\u20105188\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513489262"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","first-page":"341","article-title":"Predictors of functional outcome after microfracture treatment of cartilage defects of the knee","volume":"37","author":"Neri T","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2021.110634"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517694159"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","first-page":"421","article-title":"Basic kinematics and biomechanics of the patello\u2010femoral joint. 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EK reports consulting for Carihealldt, Green Bone, Geistlich, and Bioveex, and speaking for Zimmer Biomet and Fidia Farmaceutici SPA. These funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This pilot study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy (protocol number 0019704). The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov and was entirely conducted in a highly specialised referral centre for orthopaedic pathologies.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}