{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T23:56:36Z","timestamp":1767138996672,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005774","name":"Universitat de Barcelona","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005774","name":"Universitat de Barcelona","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several authors have described methods to predict the sural nerve pathway with non\u2010proportional numerical distances, but none have proposed a person\u2010proportional, reproducible method with anatomical references. The aim of this research is to describe ultrasonographically the distance and crossing zone between a surface reference line and the position of the sural nerve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive cross\u2010sectional study, performed between January and April 2022\u00a0in patients requiring foot surgery who met inclusion criteria. The sural nerve course in the posterior leg was located and marked using ultrasound. Landmarks were drawn with a straight line from the medial femoral condyle to the tip of the fibula. Four equal zones were established in the leg by subdividing the distal half of the line. This way, areas based on simple anatomical proportions for each patient were studied. The distance between the marking and the ultrasound nerve position was measured in these 4 zones, creating intersection points and safety areas. Location and distances from the sural nerve to the proposed landmarks were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One\u2010hundred and four lower limbs, 52 left and 52 right, assessed in 52 patients were included. The shortest median distance of the nerve passage was 2.9\u00a0mm from Point 2. The sural nerve intersection was 60\/104 (57.7%) in Zone B, 21\/104 (20.1%) in Zone C and 19\/104 (18.3%) in Zone A. Safety zones were established. Average 80.5% of coincidence in sural nerve localization was found in the distal half of the leg, in relation to the surface reference line when comparing both legs of each patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study proposes a simple, reproducible, non\u2010invasive and, for the first time, person\u2010proportional method, that describes the distance and location of the main areas of intersection of the sural nerve with points and zones (risk and safe zones) determined by a line guided by superficial anatomical landmarks. Its application when surgeons plan and perform posterior leg approaches will help to avoid iatrogenic nerve injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07294-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1672052561000},"page":"2216-2225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ultrasound evaluation of a new surface reference line to describe sural nerve location and safe zones to consider in posterior leg approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3293-8189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Ruiz\u2010Riquelme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Master Fellow Foot and Ankle Surgery Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Hospital Cl\u00ednico La Florida \/ Cl\u00ednica Las Condes Santiago Chile"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> School of Medicine Finis Terrae University Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7523-9986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Poggio\u2010Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Foot and Ankle Surgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Sala\u2010Blanch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>5<\/label>--> Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"<!--<label>6<\/label>--> Anatomy and Human Embriology Unit, School of Medicine Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Cu\u00e9llar Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Master Fellow Foot and Ankle Surgery Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"<!--<label>7<\/label>--> Cl\u00ednica Santa Ana \u2013 Cl\u00ednica Norte Cucuta Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8682-1616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Baduell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Foot and Ankle Surgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4459-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"Garcia\u2010Elvira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Foot and Ankle Surgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6153-0011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique 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