{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:38:30Z","timestamp":1790386710903,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H03164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K19376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K19376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H03164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K19376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K19376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to determine whether altered cartilage echo intensity is associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity and whether the alteration occurs before thinning of the femoral cartilage in knee OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medial femoral cartilage thickness and echo intensity of 118 women aged\u2009\u2265\u200950 years were assessed using an ultrasound imaging device. Based on the Kellgren\u2013Lawrence (KL) grade and knee symptoms, participants were classified into five groups: control (asymptomatic grades 0\u20131), early OA (symptomatic grade 1), grade 2, grade 3, and grade 4. Analysis of covariance, with adjusted age and height, and the Sidak post hoc test were used to assess the differences in cartilage thickness and echo intensity in knees with varying OA severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The echo intensity on longitudinal images, equivalent to the tibiofemoral weight\u2010bearing surface, was significantly higher in the grade 2\u00a0group than that in the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049). However, no significant difference was noted in cartilage thickness (n.s.). In the grades 3 and 4\u00a0groups, cartilage thickness became thinner as OA progressed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively). However, the cartilage echo intensity was not significantly enhanced compared with that of the grade 2\u00a0group (n.s.). There were no significant differences in the cartilage thickness and echo intensity between the early OA and control groups on the longitudinal images (n.s.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The echo intensity of the medial femoral cartilage was high in patients with KL grade 2, without decreased thickness. Our findings suggested that higher echo intensity is a feature of early cartilage degeneration in mild knee OA. Further studies are needed to establish this feature as a useful screening parameter of early cartilage degeneration in knee OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-023-07440-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T06:02:34Z","timestamp":1683180154000},"page":"3964-3970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Ultrasonographic echo intensity in the medial femoral cartilage is enhanced prior to cartilage thinning in women with early mild knee osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shogo","family":"Okada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> A Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University 53 Kawahara\u2010Cho, Shogoin, Sakyo\u2010Ku 606\u20108507 Kyoto 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