{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T17:12:56Z","timestamp":1779383576619,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T17:34:59Z","timestamp":1449682499000},"page":"909-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Is the levator\u2013urethra gap helpful for diagnosing avulsion?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hans Peter","family":"Dietz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro Pattillo","family":"Garnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Guzm\u00e1n","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2909_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12059","volume":"53","author":"H Dietz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dietz H (2013) Pelvic floor trauma in childbirth. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 53:220\u2013230","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2909_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-008-0575-1","volume":"19","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Shek KL (2008) Validity and reproducibility of the digital detection of levator trauma. Int Urogynecol J 19:1097\u20131101","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2909_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20181","volume":"25","author":"R Kearney","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kearney R, Miller JM, Delancey JO (2006) Interrater reliability and physical examination of the pubovisceral portion of the levator ani muscle, validity comparisons using MR imaging. Neurourol Urodyn 25(1):50\u201354","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"2909_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.939","volume":"23","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dietz HP (2004) Ultrasound imaging of the pelvic floor. Part I: two-dimensional aspects. [Review] [86 refs]. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 23(1):80\u201392","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2909_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000250901.57095.ba","volume":"109","author":"J DeLancey","year":"2007","unstructured":"DeLancey J, Morgan D, Fenner D, Kearney R, Guire K, Miller J et al (2007) Comparison of levator ani muscle defects and function in women with and without pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol 109(2):295\u2013302","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2909_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20250","volume":"25","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Hyland G, Hay-Smith J (2006) The assessment of levator trauma: a comparison between palpation and 4D pelvic floor ultrasound. Neurourol Urodyn 25(5):424\u2013427","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"2909_CR7","unstructured":"Kamisan Atan, I. Lin S, Herbison P, Wilson PD, Dietz HP. Assessment of levator avulsion: digital palpation versus tomographic ultrasound imaging. Abstract, IUGA 2015, Nice."},{"key":"2909_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.03.052","volume":"205","author":"R Zhuang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhuang R, Song Y, Chen Q, Ma M, Huang H, Chen J et al (2011) Levator avulsion using a tomographic ultrasound and magnetic resonance\u2013based model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205:232, e1-8","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3951","volume":"29","author":"H Dietz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dietz H (2007) Quantification of major morphological abnormalities of the levator ani. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 29:329\u2013334","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2909_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-010-1329-4","volume":"22","author":"H Dietz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dietz H, Bernardo M, Kirby A, Shek K (2011) Minimal criteria for the diagnosis of avulsion of the puborectalis muscle by tomographic ultrasound. Int Urogynecol J 22(6):699\u2013704","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"2909_CR11","first-page":"1057","volume":"33","author":"A Pattillo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pattillo A, Guzman Rojas R, Dietz H (2014) Diagnosis of levator avulsion: is it necessary to perform tomographic imaging on pelvic floor muscle contraction? Neurourol Urodyn 33:1057\u201358","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"2909_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14719","volume":"46","author":"K Delft van","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Delft K, Thakar R, Sultan A, Kluivers B (2015) Does the prevalence of levator ani muscle avulsion differ when assessed using tomographic ultrasound imaging at rest vs on maximum pelvic floor muscle contraction? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 46(1):99\u2013103","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6268","volume":"32","author":"H Dietz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dietz H, Abbu A, Shek K (2008) The levator urethral gap measurement: a more objective means of determining levator avulsion? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 32:941\u2013945","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2909_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70243-0","volume":"175","author":"RC Bump","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bump RC, Mattiasson A, Bo K, Brubaker LP, DeLancey JO, Klarskov P et al (1996) The standardization of terminology of female pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor dysfunction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175(1):10\u201317","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2909_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11116","volume":"40","author":"H Kashihara","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kashihara H, Shek K, Dietz H (2012) Can we identify the limits of the puborectalis\/ pubovisceralis muscle on tomographic translabial ultrasound? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 40(2):219\u2013222","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2307-4","volume":"25","author":"H Dietz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dietz H, Mann K (2014) What is clinically relevant prolapse? an attempt at defining cutoffs for the clinical assessment of pelvic organ descent. Int Urogynecol J 25:451\u2013455","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2909_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2001.00494.x","volume":"18","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Haylen BT, Broome J (2001) Ultrasound in the quantification of female pelvic organ prolapse. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 18(5):511\u2013514","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4024","volume":"29","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Lekskulchai O (2007) Ultrasound assessment of prolapse: the relationship between prolapse severity and symptoms. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 29:688\u2013691","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shek, K. and H. Dietz, What is abnormal uterine descent on translabial ultrasound? Int Urogynecol J, 2015. in print.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2792-8"},{"key":"2909_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5355","volume":"31","author":"H Dietz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dietz H, De Leon J, Shek K (2008) Ballooning of the levator hiatus. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 31:676\u2013680","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2909_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.254","volume":"188","author":"K Singh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Singh K, Jakab M, Reid W, Berger LA, Hoyte L (2003) Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of levator ani morphologic features in different grades of prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188(4):910\u2013915","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.060","volume":"193","author":"L Hoyte","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hoyte L, Thomas JM, Foster RT, Shott S, Jakab M, Weidner AC (2005) Racial differences in pelvic morphology among asymptomatic nulliparous women as seen on three-dimensional magnetic resonance images. Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:2035\u20132040","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2909_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.116365","volume":"185","author":"L Hoyte","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hoyte L, Schierlitz L, Zou K, Flesh G, Fielding JR (2001) Two- and 3-dimensional MRI comparison of levator ani structure, volume, and integrity in women with stress incontinence and prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 185(1):11\u201319","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2909_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7634","volume":"36","author":"S Ismail","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ismail S, Shek K, Dietz H (2010) Unilateral coronal diameters of the levator hiatus: baseline data for the automated detection of avulsion of the levator ani muscle. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 36:375\u2013378, 2010(35): p. 2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"S1","key":"2909_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12873","volume":"43","author":"K Shek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shek K, Wong V, Krause H, Goh J, Dietz H (2013) Pelvic organ support in nulliparous Africans and Caucasians: a comparative study using 4D pelvic floor ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 43(S1):99","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T08:54:09Z","timestamp":1567414449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-015-2909-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]}}}