{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:16:51Z","timestamp":1790252211954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]],"date-time":"2016-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"The University of Oslo","award":["PhD-grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD-grant"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]],"date-time":"2016-05-16T09:38:09Z","timestamp":1463391489000},"page":"1513-1523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Sexual activity and dyspareunia the first year postpartum in relation to degree of perineal trauma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kathrine","family":"Fodstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Cathrine","family":"Staff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katariina","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3015_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.04.014","volume":"145","author":"Z Abdool","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abdool Z, Thakar R, Sultan AH (2009) Postpartum female sexual function. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 145:133\u2013137","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"3015_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2007.06.005","volume":"137","author":"V Andrews","year":"2008","unstructured":"Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Jones PW (2008) Evaluation of postpartum perineal pain and dyspareunia\u2014a prospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 137:152\u2013156","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"3015_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.113855","volume":"184","author":"LB Signorello","year":"2001","unstructured":"Signorello LB, Harlow BL, Chekos AK, Repke JT (2001) Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study of primiparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 184:881\u2013888, discussion 888\u2013890","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3015_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0742-6","volume":"15","author":"CB Andreucci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andreucci CB, Bussadori JC, Pacagnella RC et al (2015) Sexual life and dysfunction after maternal morbidity: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 15:307","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"3015_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01017.x","volume":"113","author":"HJ Brummen Van","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van Brummen HJ, Bruinse HW, van de Pol G, Heintz AP, van der Vaart CH (2006) Which factors determine the sexual function 1 year after childbirth? BJOG 113:914\u2013918","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"3015_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01502.x","volume":"115","author":"M Mous","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mous M, Muller SA, de Leeuw JW (2008) Long-term effects of anal sphincter rupture during vaginal delivery: faecal incontinence and sexual complaints. BJOG 115:234\u2013238","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"3015_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.10.796","volume":"194","author":"M Otero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Otero M, Boulvain M, Bianchi-Demicheli F et al (2006) Women\u2019s health 18 years after rupture of the anal sphincter during childbirth: II. Urinary incontinence, sexual function, and physical and mental health. Am J Obstet Gynecol 194:1260\u20131265","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3015_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2008.00222.x","volume":"35","author":"I R\u00e5destad","year":"2008","unstructured":"R\u00e5destad I, Olsson A, Nissen E, Rubertsson C (2008) Tears in the vagina, perineum, sphincter ani, and rectum and first sexual intercourse after childbirth: a nationwide follow-up. Birth 35:98\u2013106","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"3015_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1159\/000293161","volume":"31","author":"PG Larsson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Larsson PG, Platz-Christensen JJ, Bergman B, Wallstersson G (1991) Advantage or disadvantage of episiotomy compared with spontaneous perineal laceration. Gynecol Obstet Investig 31:213\u2013216","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Investig"},{"key":"3015_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2005.04.008","volume":"124","author":"KJ Buhling","year":"2006","unstructured":"Buhling KJ, Schmidt S, Robinson JN, Klapp C, Siebert G, Dudenhausen JW (2006) Rate of dyspareunia after delivery in primiparae according to mode of delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 124:42\u201346","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"3015_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2007.05.060222","volume":"20","author":"LM Leeman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leeman LM, Rogers RG, Greulich B, Albers LL (2007) Do unsutured second-degree perineal lacerations affect postpartum functional outcomes? J Am Board Fam Med 20:451\u2013457","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"3015_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2008.09.001","volume":"54","author":"RG Rogers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rogers RG, Borders N, Leeman LM, Albers LL (2009) Does spontaneous genital tract trauma impact postpartum sexual function? J Midwifery Womens Health 54:98\u2013103","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"3015_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6445.587","volume":"289","author":"J Sleep","year":"1984","unstructured":"Sleep J, Grant A, Garcia J, Elbourne D, Spencer J, Chalmers I (1984) West Berkshire perineal management trial. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 289:587\u2013590","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"3015_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13263","volume":"122","author":"EA McDonald","year":"2015","unstructured":"McDonald EA, Gartland D, Small R, Brown SJ (2015) Dyspareunia and childbirth: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 122:672\u2013679","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"3015_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12166","volume":"120","author":"EA McDonald","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDonald EA, Brown SJ (2013) Does method of birth make a difference to when women resume sex after childbirth? BJOG 120:823\u2013830","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"3015_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947572","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/947572","volume":"2013","author":"K Laine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laine K, Skjeldestad FE, Sandvik L, Staff AC (2013) Prevalence and risk indicators for anal incontinence among pregnant women. ISRN Obstet Gynecol 2013:947572","journal-title":"ISRN Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3015_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1177\/13591053030086008","volume":"8","author":"JM Green","year":"2003","unstructured":"Green JM, Kafetsios K, Statham HE, Snowdon CM (2003) Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Cambridge Worry Scale in a pregnant population. J Health Psychol 8:753\u2013764","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"key":"3015_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-503-5","volume-title":"Perineal and anal sphincter trauma","author":"AH Sultan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sultan AH, Thakar R, Fenner D (2007) Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. Springer, London"},{"key":"3015_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000113464","volume":"66","author":"H Ejeg\u00e5rd","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ejeg\u00e5rd H, Ryding EL, Sjogren B (2008) Sexuality after delivery with episiotomy: a long-term follow-up. Gynecol Obstet Investig 66:1\u20137","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Investig"},{"key":"3015_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(94)90070-1","volume":"171","author":"MC Klein","year":"1994","unstructured":"Klein MC, Gauthier RJ, Robbins JM et al (1994) Relationship of episiotomy to perineal trauma and morbidity, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic floor relaxation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171:591\u2013598","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3015_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2010.07.017","volume":"48","author":"SR Chang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chang SR, Chen KH, Lin HH, Chao YM, Lai YH (2011) Comparison of the effects of episiotomy and no episiotomy on pain, urinary incontinence, and sexual function 3 months postpartum: a prospective follow-up study. Int J Nurs Stud 48:409\u2013418","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"3015_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1981.tb02223.x","volume":"88","author":"KM Robson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Robson KM, Brant HA, Kumar R (1981) Maternal sexuality during first pregnancy and after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 88:882\u2013889","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"3015_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13331","volume":"122","author":"A Souza De","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Souza A, Dwyer P, Charity M, Thomas E, Ferreira C, Schierlitz L (2015) The effects of mode delivery on postpartum sexual function: a prospective study. BJOG 122:1410\u20131418","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"3015_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810371245","volume":"38","author":"B Traeen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Traeen B, Stigum H (2010) Sexual problems in 18\u201367-year-old Norwegians. Scand J Public Health 38:445\u2013456","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"3015_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12024","volume":"92","author":"K Laine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laine K, Rotvold W, Staff AC (2012) Are obstetric anal sphincter ruptures preventable?\u2014large and consistent rupture rate variations between the Nordic countries and between delivery units in Norway. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 92:94\u2013100","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"3015_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001649","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001649","volume":"2","author":"K Laine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laine K, Skjeldestad FE, Sandvik L, Staff AC (2012) Incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries after training to protect the perineum: cohort study. BMJ Open 2:e001649. doi: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001649","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T14:58:56Z","timestamp":1558623536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-016-3015-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]]}}}