{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:35:00Z","timestamp":1767828900764,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T10:03:57Z","timestamp":1601460237000},"page":"1771-1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The association between vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery and anal sphincter injury"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Levin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Talia","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Shai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menachem","family":"Alcalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0720-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raanan","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"4534_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics CoP. ACOG Practice bulletin no. 154: operative vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2015;126(5):e56\u2013e65.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001147"},{"issue":"3","key":"4534_CR2","first-page":"464","volume":"95","author":"E Eason","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eason E, Labrecque M, Wells G, Feldman P. Preventing perineal trauma during childbirth: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;95(3):464\u201371.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4534_CR3","first-page":"CD005455","volume":"11","author":"F O'Mahony","year":"2010","unstructured":"O'Mahony F, Hofmeyr GJ, Menon V. Choice of instruments for assisted vaginal delivery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;11:CD005455.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"4534_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70104-3","volume":"181","author":"JN Robinson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Robinson JN, Norwitz ER, Cohen AP, McElrath TF, Lieberman ES. Episiotomy, operative vaginal delivery, and significant perinatal trauma in nulliparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;181(5 Pt 1):1180\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4534_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002444","volume":"131","author":"O Ramm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramm O, Woo VG, Hung YY, Chen HC, Ritterman Weintraub ML. Risk factors for the development of obstetric anal sphincter injuries in modern obstetric practice. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(2):290\u20136.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4534_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer R, Rottenstreich A, Shapira M, Alcalay M, Ram E, Yinon Y, et al. The role of fetal head circumference in the formation of obstetric anal sphincter injuries following vacuum deliveries among primiparous women. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05558-7"},{"issue":"6","key":"4534_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2893-4","volume":"27","author":"S Jha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jha S, Parker V. Risk factors for recurrent obstetric anal sphincter injury (rOASI): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2016;27(6):849\u201357.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"4534_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.02.025","volume":"247","author":"V Pergialiotis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pergialiotis V, Bellos I, Fanaki M, Vrachnis N, Doumouchtsis SK. Risk factors for severe perineal trauma during childbirth: an updated meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020;247:94\u2013100.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4534_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0901-2","volume":"20","author":"J Nordenstam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nordenstam J, Altman D, Brismar S, Zetterstr\u00f6m J. Natural progression of anal incontinence after childbirth. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009;20(9):1029\u201335.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"4534_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c3414","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c3414","volume":"341","author":"D Abbott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abbott D, Atere-Roberts N, Williams A, Oteng-Ntim E, Chappell LC. Obstetric anal sphincter injury. BMJ. 2010;341:c3414.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"4534_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.12.030","volume":"214","author":"H Jang\u00f6","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jang\u00f6 H, Langhoff-Roos J, Rosth\u00f8j S, Sakse A. Mode of delivery after obstetric anal sphincter injury and the risk of long-term anal incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(6):733.e1\u2013e13.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4534_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2010.01037.x","volume":"90","author":"G Wegnelius","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wegnelius G, Hammarstr\u00f6m M. Complete rupture of anal sphincter in primiparas: long-term effects and subsequent delivery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011;90(3):258\u201363.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"4534_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2015.02.005","volume":"6","author":"P Ryman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ryman P, Ahlberg M, Ek\u00e9us C. Risk factors for anal sphincter tears in vacuum-assisted delivery. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2015;6(3):151\u20136.","journal-title":"Sex Reprod Healthc"},{"issue":"11","key":"4534_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2012.03455.x","volume":"119","author":"S R\u00e4is\u00e4nen","year":"2012","unstructured":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen S, Vehvil\u00e4inen-Julkunen K, Cartwright R, Gissler M, Heinonen S. Vacuum-assisted deliveries and the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries-a retrospective register-based study in Finland. BJOG. 2012;119(11):1370\u20138.","journal-title":"BJOG."},{"issue":"2","key":"4534_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.03.059","volume":"193","author":"JM Wu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wu JM, Williams KS, Hundley AF, Connolly A, Visco AG. Occiput posterior fetal head position increases the risk of anal sphincter injury in vacuum-assisted deliveries. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193(2):525\u20138 discussion 8-9.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4534_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003041","volume":"133","author":"R Waldman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waldman R. ACOG practice bulletin no. 198: prevention and Management of Obstetric Lacerations at vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(1):185.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4534_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.09.034","volume":"125","author":"V Pergialiotis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pergialiotis V, Vlachos D, Protopapas A, Pappa K, Vlachos G. Risk factors for severe perineal lacerations during childbirth. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014;125(1):6\u201314.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"4534_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2019.01.013","volume":"56","author":"RP Deane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Deane RP. Operative vaginal delivery and pelvic floor complications. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2019;56:81\u201392.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4534_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.4103\/picr.PICR_87_17","volume":"8","author":"P Ranganathan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ranganathan P, Pramesh CS, Aggarwal R. Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: logistic regression. Perspect Clin Res. 2017;8(3):148\u201351.","journal-title":"Perspect Clin Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4534_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.02.017","volume":"102","author":"B Kudish","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kudish B, Sokol RJ, Kruger M. Trends in major modifiable risk factors for severe perineal trauma, 1996-2006. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2008;102(2):165\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4534_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181e2f50b","volume":"116","author":"E Baghestan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baghestan E, Irgens LM, B\u00f8rdahl PE, Rasmussen S. Trends in risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries in Norway. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(1):25\u201334.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4534_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin G, Rottenstreich A, Cahan T, Ilan H, Shai D, Tsur A, et al. Does birthweight have a role in the effect of episiotomy on anal sphincter injury? Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05444-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"4534_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12481","volume":"42","author":"RA Guzm\u00e1n Rojas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guzm\u00e1n Rojas RA, Shek KL, Langer SM, Dietz HP. Prevalence of anal sphincter injury in primiparous women. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;42(4):461\u20136.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4534_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1514376","volume":"33","author":"D Segal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Segal D, Baumfeld Y, Yahav L, Yohay D, Geva Y, Press F, et al. Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) during vacuum extraction delivery in a university affiliated maternity hospital. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020;33(6):999\u20131003.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4534_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000720","volume":"125","author":"AM Friedman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Friedman AM, Ananth CV, Prendergast E, D'Alton ME, Wright JD. Evaluation of third-degree and fourth-degree laceration rates as quality indicators. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(4):927\u201337.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4534_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murphy DJ, Strachan BK, Bahl R, Gynaecologists RCoOa. Assisted vaginal birth: green-top guideline No. 26 BJOG 2020.","DOI":"10.22541\/au.159015495.57981172"},{"key":"4534_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2016.10.013","volume":"207","author":"NS Lund","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lund NS, Persson LK, Jang\u00f6 H, Gommesen D, Westergaard HB. Episiotomy in vacuum-assisted delivery affects the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;207:193\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4534_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.126977","volume":"187","author":"HE Richter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Richter HE, Brumfield CG, Cliver SP, Burgio KL, Neely CL, Varner RE. Risk factors associated with anal sphincter tear: a comparison of primiparous patients, vaginal births after cesarean deliveries, and patients with previous vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;187(5):1194\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4534_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.03.002","volume":"150","author":"V Revicky","year":"2010","unstructured":"Revicky V, Nirmal D, Mukhopadhyay S, Morris EP, Nieto JJ. Could a mediolateral episiotomy prevent obstetric anal sphincter injury? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010;150(2):142\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4534_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2007.00739.x","volume":"47","author":"E Gerdin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gerdin E, Sverrisdottir G, Badi A, Carlsson B, Graf W. The role of maternal age and episiotomy in the risk of anal sphincter tears during childbirth. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2007;47(4):286\u201390.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"18","key":"4534_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.889113","volume":"27","author":"Y Loewenberg-Weisband","year":"2014","unstructured":"Loewenberg-Weisband Y, Grisaru-Granovsky S, Ioscovich A, Samueloff A, Calderon-Margalit R. Epidural analgesia and severe perineal tears: a literature review and large cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;27(18):1864\u20139.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T05:14:54Z","timestamp":1723698894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["4534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-020-04534-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}