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The adaptation process was conducted in alignment with the COSMIN guidelines: forward\u2013backward translation, expert review, cultural adaptation, and a pilot study. For construct validity, items from the study by El-Azab and Shaaban, which measure barriers to seeking care for incontinence, were adapted to this self-reported questionnaire (BICS-Q), and their associations with the total score as well as the subscale scores of the questionnaire were evaluated. Cronbach's alpha was used\u00a0for\u00a0internal consistency, and the\u00a0intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient\u00a0was estimated for test\u2013retest reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The\u00a0psychometric analyses indicated that the Turkish BICS-Q has\u00a0high\u00a0internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha\u2009=\u20090.846) and test\u2013retest reliability (ICC\u2009=\u20090.854). Item analysis revealed that each item was significantly correlated with the total score, thereby confirming construct validity. It was also found that embarrassment, financial concerns, and low expectations from medical consultation were ranked as the most important barriers to treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated the applicability of the Turkish BICS-Q\u00a0for\u00a0both research and clinical\u00a0purposes, emphasizing its role in identifying health care inequalities and guiding policy improvements for women with UI.\u00a0The present validation study provides evidence that the Turkish BICS-Q is an appropriate tool for assessing barriers to incontinence care seeking that can be used to further research and interventions toward overcoming the barriers in Turkey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06199-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T06:43:45Z","timestamp":1751870625000},"page":"2389-2399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Barriers to Incontinence Care-Seeking Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2522-6474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seda","family":"Yakit Ye\u015filyurt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanife B\u00fc\u015fra","family":"Hekimo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"Ba\u015fol G\u00f6ks\u00fcl\u00fck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Brihuega Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hatice","family":"\u00c7ankaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuriye","family":"\u00d6zengin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6199_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20798","volume":"21","author":"B Haylen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haylen B, de Ridder D, Freeman R, Swift SE, Berghmans B, Lee J, et al. 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