{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T01:03:33Z","timestamp":1778202213653,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T09:58:33Z","timestamp":1750845513000},"page":"2269-2276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidence of Surgical Treatments After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8357-2706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon L.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"6201_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002841","volume":"132","author":"Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics","year":"2018","unstructured":"Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin no. 198: prevention and management of obstetric lacerations at vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(3):e87\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002841.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000720","volume":"125","author":"AM Friedman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Friedman AM, Ananth CV, Prendergast E, D\u2019Alton ME, Wright JD. Evaluation of third-degree and fourth-degree laceration rates as quality indicators. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(4):927\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000720.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3S","key":"6201_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.06.021","volume":"230","author":"NA Okeahialam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okeahialam NA, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The prevention of perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024;230(3S):S991\u20131004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.06.021.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6201_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e032368","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-032368","volume":"9","author":"D Gommesen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gommesen D, N\u00f8hr E, Qvist N, Rasch V. Obstetric perineal tears, sexual function and dyspareunia among primiparous women 12 months postpartum: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2019;9(12):e032368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-032368.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"6201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviscsurg.2020.10.010","volume":"158","author":"P Viannay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Viannay P, de la Codre F, Brochard C, et al. Management and consequences of obstetrical anal sphincter injuries: review. J Visc Surg. 2021;158(3):231\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviscsurg.2020.10.010.","journal-title":"J Visc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"6201_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000833","volume":"125","author":"C Lewicky-Gaupp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lewicky-Gaupp C, Leader-Cramer A, Johnson LL, Kenton K, Gossett DR. Wound complications after obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(5):1088\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000833.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2022.100736","volume":"33","author":"M Huber","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huber M, Tun\u00f3n K, Lindqvist M. \u201cFrom hell to healed\u201d \u2013 A qualitative study on women\u2019s experience of recovery, relationships and sexuality after severe obstetric perineal injury. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2022;33:100736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.srhc.2022.100736.","journal-title":"Sex Reprod Healthc"},{"key":"6201_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102820","volume":"91","author":"E Darmody","year":"2020","unstructured":"Darmody E, Bradshaw C, Atkinson S. Women\u2019s experience of obstetric anal sphincter injury following childbirth: an integrated review. Midwifery. 2020;91:102820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102820.","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"2","key":"6201_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e333","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000921","volume":"27","author":"C Lewicky-Gaupp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lewicky-Gaupp C, Mueller MG, Collins SA, Tavathia M, Geynisman-Tan J, Kenton KS. Early secondary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury breakdown: contemporary surgical techniques and experiences from a peripartum subspecialty clinic. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2021;27(2):e333\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000921.","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"6201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-04822-x","volume":"32","author":"NA Okeahialam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Early secondary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs): experience and a review of the literature. Int Urogynecol J. 2021;32(7):1611\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-021-04822-x.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"11","key":"6201_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16211","volume":"24","author":"A Venara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Venara A, Trilling B, Ngoma M, et al. Ano-rectovaginal fistula after obstetrical anal sphincter injury: diverting stoma does not improve the surgical results. Colorectal Dis Off J Assoc Coloproctol G B Irel. 2022;24(11):1371\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.16211.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis Off J Assoc Coloproctol G B Irel"},{"issue":"6","key":"6201_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000000614","volume":"85","author":"T Mokoena","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mokoena T, Abdool Z. Accurate anatomic repair of obstetric anal sphincter damage or rectovaginal fistula aided by prior ultrasonograghy: a cohort study. Ann Med Surg. 2023;85(6):2319\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MS9.0000000000000614.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"6201_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13623","volume":"156","author":"CK Cox","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cox CK, Bugosh MD, Fenner DE, Smith R, Swenson CW. Antibiotic use during repair of obstetrical anal sphincter injury: a quality improvement initiative. Int J Gynaecol Obstet Off Organ Int Fed Gynaecol Obstet. 2022;156(1):95\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.13623.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet Off Organ Int Fed Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"4","key":"6201_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.12.025","volume":"208","author":"L Stock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stock L, Basham E, Gossett DR, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Factors associated with wound complications in women with obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;208(4):327.e1-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.12.025.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001255","volume":"29","author":"K Propst","year":"2023","unstructured":"Propst K, Yao M, Ferrando CA, Hickman LC. Impact of obstetric anal sphincter injuries on postpartum sexual function: a prospective cohort study. Urogynecol Phila Pa. 2023;29(1):67\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001255.","journal-title":"Urogynecol Phila Pa"},{"issue":"9","key":"6201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12909","volume":"95","author":"J Kirss","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kirss J, Pinta T, B\u00f6ckelman C, Victorzon M. Factors predicting a failed primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95(9):1063\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.12909.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"6201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31816de8ad","volume":"111","author":"N Duggal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Duggal N, Mercado C, Daniels K, Bujor A, Caughey AB, El-Sayed YY. Antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of postpartum perineal wound complications: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111(6):1268\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31816de8ad.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-019-02146-z","volume":"24","author":"M Barbosa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barbosa M, Glavind-Kristensen M, Christensen P. Early secondary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury: postoperative complications, long-term functional outcomes, and impact on quality of life. Tech Coloproctol. 2020;24(3):221\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10151-019-02146-z.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6201_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9084-4","volume":"51","author":"MM Soerensen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Soerensen MM, Bek KM, Buntzen S, H\u00f8jberg KE, Laurberg S. Long-term outcome of delayed primary or early secondary reconstruction of the anal sphincter after obstetrical injury. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51(3):312\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10350-007-9084-4.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"6","key":"6201_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/s0039-6109(02)00055-5","volume":"82","author":"TJ Saclarides","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saclarides TJ. Rectovaginal fistula. Surg Clin North Am. 2002;82(6):1261\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0039-6109(02)00055-5.","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"6201_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-023-01609-1","volume":"75","author":"FM Mongardini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mongardini FM, Cozzolino G, Karpathiotakis M, Cacciatore C, Docimo L. Short- and long-term outcomes of sphincteroplasty for anal incontinence related to obstetric injury: a systematic review. Updat Surg. 2023;75(6):1423\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13304-023-01609-1.","journal-title":"Updat Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"6201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.09.006","volume":"154","author":"F Marsh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marsh F, Lynne R, Christine L, Alison W. Obstetric anal sphincter injury in the UK and its effect on bowel, bladder and sexual function. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011;154(2):223\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.09.006.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11689.x","volume":"107","author":"G Barrett","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barrett G, Pendry E, Peacock J, Victor C, Thakar R, Manyonda I. Women\u2019s sexual health after childbirth. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;107(2):186\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11689.x.","journal-title":"BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T09:07:10Z","timestamp":1765012030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["6201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06201-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"IRB 24\u2013170, Approval obtained from the Cleveland Clinic Foundation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Neither Dr. Rahman nor Dr. Wallace have conflicts of interests to report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}