{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:07:14Z","timestamp":1784552834965,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007657","name":"Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LU 212575\/AU\/2020 RFC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LU 212575\/AU\/2020 RFC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007657","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T08:32:14Z","timestamp":1764405134000},"page":"1957-1968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal Impact of Methenamine Hippurate on the Urobiome of Postmenopausal Women With Recurrent UTIs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Mohammed H.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baylie","family":"Hochstedler-Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Halverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Nwachokor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thythy T.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1934-4236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Acevedo-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp030027","volume":"349","author":"SD Fihn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fihn SD. Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(3):259\u201366.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2018.1551871","volume":"22","author":"C Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung C, Brubaker L. The etiology and management of recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2019;22(3):242\u20139.","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"issue":"2","key":"6387_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000296","volume":"202","author":"J Anger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anger J, Lee U, Ackerman AL, Chou R, Chughtai B, Clemens JQ, et al. Recurrent uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women: AUA\/CUA\/SUFU guideline. J Urol. 2019;202(2):282\u20139.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.231","volume":"219","author":"CM Chu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chu CM, Lowder JL. Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections across age groups. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;219(1):40\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6387_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw159","author":"M Kobayashi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kobayashi M, Shapiro DJ, Hersh AL, Sanchez GV, Hicks LA. Outpatient antibiotic prescribing practices for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women in the United States, 2002\u20132011. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofw159.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"6387_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.6.6.708","volume":"6","author":"DM Musher","year":"1974","unstructured":"Musher DM, Griffith DP. Generation of formaldehyde from methenamine: effect of pH and concentration, and antibacterial effect. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974;6(6):708\u201311.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"23","key":"6387_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/QOIZ6538","volume":"26","author":"C Harding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harding C, Chadwick T, Homer T, Lecouturier J, Mossop H, Carnell S, et al. Methenamine hippurate compared with antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in women: the ALTAR non-inferiority RCT. Health Technol Assess. 2022;26(23):1\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/QOIZ6538.","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"6387_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01371-20","author":"L Brubaker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brubaker L, Gourdine JPF, Siddiqui NY, Holland A, Halverson T, Limeria R, et al. Forming consensus to advance Urobiome research. mSystems. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/msystems.01371-20.","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49823-5","volume":"9","author":"CE Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung CE, Chopyk J, Shin JH, Lukacz ES, Brubaker L, Schwanemann LK, et al. Benchmarking urine storage and collection conditions for evaluating the female urinary microbiome. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):13409.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02876-13","volume":"52","author":"EE Hilt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hilt EE, McKinley K, Pearce MM, Rosenfeld AB, Zilliox MJ, Mueller ER, et al. Urine is not sterile: use of enhanced urine culture techniques to detect resident bacterial flora in the adult female bladder. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(3):871\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6387_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2017.0096","volume":"24","author":"A Kechin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kechin A, Boyarskikh U, Kel A, Filipenko M. Cutprimers: a new tool for accurate cutting of primers from reads of targeted next generation sequencing. J Comput Biol. 2017;24(11):1138\u201343.","journal-title":"J Comput Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6387_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","volume":"13","author":"BJ Callahan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Callahan BJ, McMurdie PJ, Rosen MJ, Han AW, Johnson AJA, Holmes SP. DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data. Nat Methods. 2016;13(7):581\u20133.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-017-1670-4","volume":"18","author":"X Gao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gao X, Lin H, Revanna K, Dong Q. A bayesian taxonomic classification method for 16S rRNA gene sequences with improved species-level accuracy. BMC Bioinformatics. 2017;18(1):247.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2022.02.025","volume":"18","author":"DW Storm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Storm DW, Copp HL, Halverson TM, Du J, Juhr D, Wolfe AJ. A child\u2019s urine is not sterile: a pilot study evaluating the Pediatric Urinary Microbiome. J Pediatr Urol. 2022;18(3):383\u201392.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0605-2","volume":"6","author":"NM Davis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davis NM, Proctor DM, Holmes SP, Relman DA, Callahan BJ. Simple statistical identification and removal of contaminant sequences in marker-gene and metagenomics data. Microbiome. 2018;6(1):226.","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"7","key":"6387_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001526","volume":"31","author":"M Gevelinger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gevelinger M, Khemmani M, Joyce C, John J, Sohail S, Nasse A, et al. Resilience of the urogenital microbiota following urogynecologic surgery. Urogynecology. 2025;31(7):650\u20139.","journal-title":"Urogynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2307\/1942268","volume":"27","author":"JR Bray","year":"1957","unstructured":"Bray JR, Curtis JT. An ordination of the upland forest communities of southern Wisconsin. Ecol Monogr. 1957;27(4):325\u201349.","journal-title":"Ecol Monogr"},{"key":"6387_CR18","unstructured":"Martinez Arbizu P. pairwiseAdonis: pairwise multilevel comparison using adonis. R package version 04. 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17041-7","volume":"11","author":"H Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin H, Peddada S, Das S. Analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):3514.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"6387_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00044-16","volume":"54","author":"TK Price","year":"2016","unstructured":"Price TK, Dune T, Hilt EE, Thomas-White KJ, Kliethermes S, Brincat C, et al. The clinical urine culture: enhanced techniques improve detection of clinically relevant microorganisms. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54(5):1216\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00044-16.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-04780-4","volume":"33","author":"BR Hochstedler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hochstedler BR, Burnett L, Price TK, Jung C, Wolfe AJ, Brubaker L. Urinary microbiota of women with recurrent urinary tract infection: collection and culture methods. Int Urogynecol J. 2022;33(3):563\u201370.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"11","key":"6387_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065217","volume":"12","author":"SR Heltveit-Olsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heltveit-Olsen SR, Sundvall PD, Gunnarsson R, Snaebj\u00f6rnssonArnljots E, Kowalczyk A, Godycki-Cwirko M, et al. Methenamine hippurate to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in older women: protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled trial (ImpresU). BMJ Open. 2022;12(11):e065217.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"6387_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13063","author":"I Hollyer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hollyer I, Varias F, Ho B, Ison MG. Safety and efficacy of methenamine hippurate for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in adult renal transplant recipients: a single center, retrospective study. Transplant Infectious Dis. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tid.13063.","journal-title":"Transplant Infectious Dis"},{"key":"6387_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fruro.2023.1212590","author":"RB Moreland","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moreland RB, Choi BI, Geaman W, Gonzalez C, Hochstedler-Kramer BR, John J, et al. Beyond the usual suspects: emerging uropathogens in the microbiome age. Front Urol. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fruro.2023.1212590.","journal-title":"Front Urol"},{"key":"6387_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01283-14","author":"MM Pearce","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pearce MM, Hilt EE, Rosenfeld AB, Zilliox MJ, Thomas-White K, Fok C, et al. The female urinary microbiome: a comparison of women with and without urgency urinary incontinence. MBio. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.01283-14.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"2","key":"6387_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/030006057600400205","volume":"4","author":"S Parvio","year":"1976","unstructured":"Parvio S. Methenamine Hippurate (\u2018Hiprex\u2019)\u2020 in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections: a trial in a geriatric hospital. J Int Med Res. 1976;4(2):111\u20134.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"6387_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2002.810810.x","volume":"81","author":"HA Schi\u00f8tz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schi\u00f8tz HA, Guttu K. Value of urinary prophylaxis with methenamine in gynecologic surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002;81(8):743\u20136.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"6387_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harding C, Mossop H, Homer T, Chadwick T, King W, Carnell S, et al. Alternative to prophylactic antibiotics for the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: multicentre, open label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. BMJ. 2022;e068229.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-0068229"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-04849-0","volume":"33","author":"C Botros","year":"2022","unstructured":"Botros C, Lozo S, Iyer S, Warren A, Goldberg R, Tomezsko J, et al. Methenamine hippurate compared with trimethoprim for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections: a randomized clinical trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2022;33(3):571\u201380.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:52:31Z","timestamp":1784551951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["6387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06387-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted with the approval of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Loyola University Chicago (LU number 212575).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"AJW discloses advisory board membership for Pathnostics, Urobiome Therapeutics, and Cerillo plus funding from Pathnostics, the Craig H. Neilsen Foundation, NIH, and an anonymous donor. MAA discloses CooperSurgical consulting work. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of Interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}