{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T16:00:42Z","timestamp":1780329642838,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals experiencing anorectal symptoms may report a history of sexual violence (SV) and conversely, survivors of SV may later report anorectal symptoms. However, the nature of the relationship between SV and these symptoms remains insufficiently understood. This review aims to systematically assess the reported prevalence and severity of anorectal symptoms, as well as their association with sexual violence, among adult survivors of both sexes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of three databases, CINAHL, Embase, and MEDLINE\/PubMed, was performed for quantitative observational studies concerning SV (rape, sexual harassment, childhood sexual abuse, female genital mutilation) as well as reported anorectal symptoms among adults. Cross-sectional, cohort, case\u2013control, and case series studies published in English and French were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used for assessing the quality of included studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria for data extraction. Most studies (12\/13) were conducted in a medical setting with a cross-sectional design. Two cross-sectional studies assessed the prevalence of reported anorectal symptoms among SV survivors and 11 studies evaluated the prevalence of SV among patients with anorectal disorders. SV prevalence ranged from 4.1% to 62%. Constipation was the main studied symptom (9\/13) followed by fecal incontinence (7\/13), anorectal pain (2\/13), and recto-vaginal fistula (1\/13). Assessments for both SV and anorectal disorders lacked standardization, involving heterogeneous findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review highlights the need for more specific research using standardized assessment of SV and anorectal disorders to better understand their association to improve trauma-informed care pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T09:43:35Z","timestamp":1763804615000},"page":"1119-1138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Sexual Violence and Reported Anorectal Symptoms Among Adults: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0885-2967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tara","family":"Reman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Bertuit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Feipel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"6423_CR1","volume-title":"Chapitre 6","author":"EG Krug","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krug EG, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozano R. Chapitre 6. Geneva: Sexual violence. In: The world report on violence and health. Lancet. 2002;360(9339)1083\u20131088."},{"key":"6423_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization, VAW-IAWGED. Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018: global, regional and national prevalence estimates for intimate partner violence against women and global and regional prevalence estimates for non-partner sexual violence against women. Executive summary. 2021. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240022256."},{"key":"6423_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMAPEDIATRICS.2024.5326","author":"A Piolanti","year":"2025","unstructured":"Piolanti A, Schmid IE, Fiderer FJ, Ward CL, St\u00f6ckl H, Foran HM. Global prevalence of sexual violence against children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/JAMAPEDIATRICS.2024.5326.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"6423_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13040304","volume":"13","author":"JC Thomas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thomas JC, Kopel J. Male victims of sexual assault: a review of the literature. Behav Sci. 2023;13:304.","journal-title":"Behav Sci"},{"key":"6423_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2020.102076","volume":"79","author":"J Mulder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mulder J, Teunissen TAM, Pranger ES, Hiddink-Til A, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Reporting after sexual violence: the influence of victim, assault and perpetrator characteristics. J Forensic Leg Med. 2021;79:102076.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"6423_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516658756","volume":"34","author":"M Ceelen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ceelen M, Dorn T, van Huis FS, Reijnders UJL. Characteristics and post-decision attitudes of non-reporting sexual violence victims. J Interpers Violence. 2019;34:1961\u201377.","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"6423_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106497","author":"C Miele","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miele C, Maquigneau A, Joyal CC, et al. International guidelines for the prevention of sexual violence: a systematic review and perspective of WHO, UN Women, UNESCO, and UNICEF\u2019s publications. Child Abuse Negl. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106497.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"6423_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2004.11.022","volume":"73","author":"HR Waters","year":"2005","unstructured":"Waters HR, Hyder AA, Rajkotia Y, Basu S, Butchart A. The costs of interpersonal violence\u2013an international review. Health Policy. 2005;73:303\u201315.","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"6423_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211016018","volume":"24","author":"S Vyas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vyas S, Meinhart M, Troy K, Brumbaum H, Poulton C, Stark L. The economic cost of violence against women and girls in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the evidence. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2023;24:44\u201355.","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"6423_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018813198","volume":"21","author":"ER Dworkin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dworkin ER. Risk for mental disorders associated with sexual assault: a meta-analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2020;21:1011\u201328.","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"6423_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH20146373","author":"T Schalk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schalk T, Oliero J, Fedele E, Trousset V, Lef\u00e8vre T. Evaluation of multidimensional functional impairment in adult sexual assault survivors, with a focus on its psychological, physical, and social dimensions, based on validated measurements: a PRISMA systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/IJERPH20146373.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"6423_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05277-4","author":"C Selai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Selai C, Elmalem MS, Chartier-Kastler E, Sassoon N, Hewitt S, Rocha MF, et al. Systematic review exploring the relationship between sexual abuse and lower urinary tract symptoms. Int Urogynecol J. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-022-05277-4.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6423_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.10.038","volume":"255","author":"T Hassam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hassam T, Kelso E, Chowdary P, Yisma E, Mol BW, Han A. Sexual assault as a risk factor for gynaecological morbidity: an exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020;255:222\u201330.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"6423_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-021-00262-9","volume":"37","author":"O Banjar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banjar O, Ford-Gilboe M, Wong C, Befus D, Alilyyani B. The association between intimate partner violence and functional gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms among adult women: systematic review. J Fam Violence. 2022;37:337\u201353.","journal-title":"J Fam Violence"},{"key":"6423_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.N71","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/BMJ.N71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6423_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beck JJH, Elzevier HW, Pelger RCM, Putter H, Voorham-Van Der Zalm PJ. Multiple pelvic floor complaints are correlated with sexual abuse history. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2008.01045.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2008.01045.x"},{"key":"6423_CR17","unstructured":"European Commission Adult - Definition. In: European Migration Network Asylium and Migration Glossary. https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary\/glossary\/adult_en. Accessed 19 May 2025."},{"key":"6423_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23897","volume":"38","author":"C D\u2019Ancona","year":"2019","unstructured":"D\u2019Ancona C, Haylen B, Oelke M, et al. The International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for adult male lower urinary tract and pelvic floor symptoms and dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019;38:433\u201377.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"6423_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3140-3","volume":"28","author":"AH Sultan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sultan AH, Monga A, Lee J, Emmanuel A, Norton C, Santoro G, et al. An international urogynecological association (IUGA)\/international continence society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female anorectal dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J. 2017;28:5\u201331.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6423_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.03.008","volume":"111","author":"QN Hong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hong QN, Pluye P, F\u00e0bregues S, et al. Improving the content validity of the mixed methods appraisal tool: a modified e-Delphi study. J Clin Epidemiol. 2019;111:49-59.e1.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"6423_CR21","first-page":"285","volume":"34","author":"QN Hong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hong QN, F\u00e0bregues S, Bartlett G, et al. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018 for information professionals and researchers. Educ Inf. 2018;34:285\u201391.","journal-title":"Educ Inf"},{"key":"6423_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.4321\/S1130-01082009000700003","volume":"101","author":"LI Sol\u00e9","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sol\u00e9 LI, Bolino MC, Lueso M, Caro L, Cerisoli C, Castiglia N, et al. Prevalence of sexual and physical abuse in patients with obstructed defecation: impact on biofeedback treatment. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2009;101:464\u20137.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"6423_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000135929.78074.8c","volume":"38","author":"SSC Rao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rao SSC, Tuteja AK, Vellema T, Kempf J, Stessman M. Dyssynergic defecation: demographics, symptoms, stool patterns, and quality of life. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2004;38:680\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6423_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614552010","volume":"2","author":"N Pallotta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pallotta N, Piacentino D, Ciccantelli B, Rivera M, Golini N, Spagnoli A, et al. High prevalence of symptoms in a severely abused \u201cnon-patient\u201d women population. United Eur Gastroenterol J. 2014;2:513\u201321.","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"6423_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181b13408","volume":"52","author":"S O\u2019Brien","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien S, Hyman N, Osler T, Rabinowitz T. Sexual abuse: a strong predictor of outcomes after colectomy for slow-transit constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52:1844\u20137.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"6423_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2009.04.007","volume":"6","author":"GL McCrea","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Paul SM, Varma MG. Gender differences in self-reported constipation characteristics, symptoms, and bowel and dietary habits among patients attending a specialty clinic for constipation. Gend Med. 2009;6:259\u201371.","journal-title":"Gend Med"},{"key":"6423_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346219","volume":"10","author":"AM Leroi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Leroi AM, Bernier C, Watier A, H\u00e9mond M, Goupil G, Black R, et al. Prevalence of sexual abuse among patients with functional disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1995;10:200\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"6423_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2012.1144","volume":"147","author":"LR Imhoff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Imhoff LR, Liwanag L, Varma M. Exacerbation of symptom severity of pelvic floor disorders in women who report a history of sexual abuse. Arch Surg. 2012;147:1123\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"6423_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02285184","volume":"40","author":"AM Leroi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Leroi AM, Berkelmans I, Denis P, H\u00e9mond M, Devroede G. Anismus as a marker of sexual abuse. Consequences of abuse on anorectal motility. Dig Dis Sci. 1995;40:1411\u20136.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"6423_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/003655202317316051","volume":"37","author":"ICA Hobbis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hobbis ICA, Turpin G, Read NW. A re-examination of the relationship between abuse experience and functional bowel disorders. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002;37:423\u201330.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6423_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.18230","volume":"93","author":"M Hanna","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hanna M, Bray G, Ding YC, Srinath H, Warwick A, Gillespie C. The effect of a sexual abuse history on symptoms and anorectal physiology findings in patients presenting to a colorectal pelvic floor service. ANZ J Surg. 2023;93:1604\u20138.","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"6423_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0000000000000029","volume":"106","author":"SB Cichowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cichowski SB, Dunivan GC, Komesu YM, Rogers RG. Sexual abuse history and pelvic floor disorders in women. South Med J. 2013;106:675.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"6423_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-021-01097-9","volume":"18","author":"A Binkova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Binkova A, Uebelhart M, D\u00e4llenbach P, Boulvain M, Gayet-Ageron A, Abdulcadir J. A cross-sectional study on pelvic floor symptoms in women living with female genital mutilation\/cutting. Reprod Health. 2021;18:39.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"6423_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12905-022-02050-Z","author":"CJ Ngongo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ngongo CJ, Raassen TJIP, Mahendeka M, Lombard L, van Roosmalen J, Temmerman M. Rare causes of genital fistula in nine African countries: a retrospective review. BMC Womens Health. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12905-022-02050-Z.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"6423_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000514","volume":"58","author":"KS Ng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ng KS, Sivakumaran Y, Nassar N, Gladman MA. Fecal incontinence: community prevalence and associated factors\u2013a systematic review. Dis Colon Rectum. 2015;58:1194\u2013209.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"6423_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.5430\/jer.v5n1p37","volume":"5","author":"BL Werth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Werth BL. Epidemiology of constipation in adults: why estimates of prevalence differ. J Epidemiol Res. 2019;5:37.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Res"},{"key":"6423_CR37","volume-title":"Real rape: how the legal system victimizes women who say no","author":"S Estrich","year":"1987","unstructured":"Estrich S. Real rape: how the legal system victimizes women who say no. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1987."},{"key":"6423_CR38","first-page":"671","volume-title":"Women and Children as Victims and Offenders: Background","author":"B Krah\u00e9","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krah\u00e9 B. Societal responses to Sexual Violence against women: rape myths and the \u201creal rape\u201d stereotype. In: Kury H, Redo S, Shea E, editors. Women and children as victims and offenders: background, prevention, reintegration. Cham: Springer. 2016; p. 671\u2013700."},{"key":"6423_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801219832913","volume":"26","author":"KW Carson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carson KW, Babad S, Brown EJ, Brumbaugh CC, Castillo BK, Nikulina V. Why women are not talking about it: reasons for nondisclosure of sexual victimization and associated symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Violence Against Women. 2020;26:271\u201395.","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"6423_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801215627507","volume":"22","author":"CM Carretta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carretta CM, Burgess AW, DeMarco R. To tell or not to tell. Violence Against Women. 2016;22:1499\u2013518.","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"6423_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mims D, Waddell R. An Examination of intimate partner violence and sexual violence among individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, Bi-sexual, and\/or transgender (LBGTQ). Environ Social Psychol. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18686\/esp.v3i2.786.","DOI":"10.18686\/esp.v3i2.786"},{"key":"6423_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH15091979","author":"L De Schrijver","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Schrijver L, Vander Beken T, Krah\u00e9 B, Keygnaert I. Prevalence of sexual violence in migrants, applicants for international protection, and refugees in Europe: a critical interpretive synthesis of the evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/IJERPH15091979.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"6423_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.09.004","volume":"22","author":"I Mack","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mack I, Hahn H, G\u00f6del C, Enck P, Bharucha AE. Global prevalence of fecal incontinence in community-dwelling adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;22:712-731.e8.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6423_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-022-07709-z","volume":"68","author":"B Nojkov","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nojkov B, Baker JR, Chey WD, Saad R, Watts L, Armstrong M, et al. Age- and gender-based differences in anorectal function, gastrointestinal symptoms, and constipation-specific quality of life in patients with chronic constipation. Dig Dis Sci. 2023;68:1403\u201310.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"6423_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/NMO.14195","author":"J Hendrix","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hendrix J, Ranginani D, Montero AM, Lockett C, Xu H, James-Stevenson T, et al. Early adverse life events and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with constipation and suspected disordered defecation. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/NMO.14195.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"6423_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S12529-025-10355-0","author":"JB Heymann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Heymann JB, White KS, Bruce SE. The relationship between trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Int J Behav Med. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S12529-025-10355-0.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Med"},{"key":"6423_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199601000-00002","volume":"58","author":"J Leserman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Leserman J, Drossman DA, Li Z, Toomey TC, Nachman G, Glogau L. Sexual and physical abuse history in gastroenterology practice: how types of abuse impact health status. Psychosom Med. 1996;58:4\u201315.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"6423_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-022-01343-7","volume":"24","author":"VH Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen VH, Caron J, Goddard B, Eng SM, Ades V. Polyvictimization and psychiatric sequelae associated with female genital mutilation\/cutting (FGM\/C). J Immigr Minor Health. 2022;24:1020\u20138.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"6423_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3223","DOI":"10.1177\/10778012231192585","volume":"29","author":"H Cho","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cho H, Kim W, Nelson A, Allen J. Intimate partner violence polyvictimization and health outcomes. Violence Against Women. 2023;29:3223\u201343.","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"6423_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3922","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518780412","volume":"36","author":"H Lippus","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lippus H, Laanpere M, Part K, Ringmets I, Karro H. Polyvictimization and the associations between poor self-perceived health, dissatisfaction with life, and sexual dysfunction among women in Estonia. J Interpers Violence. 2021;36:3922\u201340.","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"6423_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3917\/cdge.066.0017","volume":"66","author":"L Kelly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kelly L, Tillous M. Le continuum de la violence sexuelle. Cah Genre. 2019;66:17\u201336.","journal-title":"Cah Genre"},{"key":"6423_CR52","first-page":"24042","volume":"31","author":"J Stirling","year":"2025","unstructured":"Stirling J, Wallace Z, James A, Shackel R, Elliott J. Trauma-informed management of patients with prior sexual trauma in pelvic health physiotherapy clinical practice. Aust N Z Continence J. 2025;31:24042.","journal-title":"Aust N Z Continence J"},{"key":"6423_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.1995.9933752","volume":"21","author":"J Leserman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Leserman J, Drossman DA, Li Z. The reliability and validity of a sexual and physical abuse history questionnaire in female patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Behav Med. 1995;21:141\u201350.","journal-title":"Behav Med"},{"key":"6423_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-8-671","volume":"111","author":"NJ Talley","year":"1989","unstructured":"Talley NJ, Phillips SF, Melton LJ, Wiltgen C, Zinsmeister AR. A patient questionnaire to identify bowel disease. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:671\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T15:02:48Z","timestamp":1780326168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06423-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This systematic review used data from previously published studies. Institutional review board approval was therefore not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"This research was supported by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Internationale de R\u00e9\u00e9ducation En Pelvi-P\u00e9rin\u00e9ologie (SIREP) and the\u00a0HESAV School of Health Sciences\u00a0(Lausanne, Switzerland)","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}