{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:03:19Z","timestamp":1791892999678,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T12:13:22Z","timestamp":1770639202000},"page":"1207-1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chronic Maternal Pelvic Morbidity: A Neglected Tragedy: Where is Pelvic Maternal Morbidity in Maternal and Child Health?\u00a0"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5050-1060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aparna","family":"Hegde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohna","family":"Kearney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Hwee","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiane","family":"Carboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karishma","family":"Thariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelalem","family":"Mengistu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Giroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"On behalf of the FIUGA Board","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8534","key":"6449_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90423-5","volume":"1","author":"H Mahler","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mahler H. The safe motherhood initiative: a call to action. Lancet. 1987;1(8534):668\u201370.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e317","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00454-0","volume":"12","author":"JP Vogel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vogel JP, Jung J, Lavin T, Simpson G, Kluwgant D, Abalos E, et al. Neglected medium-term and long-term consequences of labour and childbirth: a systematic analysis of the burden, recommended practices, and a way forward. Lancet Glob Health. 2024;12(2):e317\u201330.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"6449_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Strategies towards ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM) 2015 https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/153540\/WHO_RHR_15.03_eng.pdf;jsessionid=E364D1D1E753DDA6642843E02684557F?sequence=1."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12499","volume":"141","author":"L Say","year":"2018","unstructured":"Say L, Chou D, Maternal Morbidity Working Group (MMWG). Maternal morbidity: time for reflection, recognition, and action. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018;141(Suppl 1):1\u20133.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(00)00236-8","volume":"70","author":"F Donnay","year":"2000","unstructured":"Donnay F. Maternal survival in developing countries: what has been done, what can be achieved in the next decade. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2000;70(1):89\u201397.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200406000-00013","volume":"47","author":"WT Gregory","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gregory WT, Nygaard I. Childbirth and pelvic floor disorders. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2004;47(2):394\u2013403.","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6449_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13111","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.11.1311","volume":"300","author":"I Nygaard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nygaard I, Barber MD, Burgio KL, Kenton K, Meikle S, Schaffer J, et al. Prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in US women. JAMA. 2008;300(11):13111\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-010-1215-0","volume":"22","author":"GJ Walker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Walker GJ, Gunasekera P. Pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence in developing countries: review of prevalence and risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2011;22(2):127\u201335.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000057","volume":"123","author":"JM Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu JM, Vaughan CP, Goode PS, Redden DT, Burgio KL, Richter HE, et al. Prevalence and trends of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in US women. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123(1):141.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6449_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-03992-z","volume":"30","author":"RM Islam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Islam RM, Oldroyd J, Rana J, Romero L, Karim MN. Prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in community-dwelling women in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2019;30(12):2001\u201311.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.12.025","volume":"193","author":"MD Barber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barber MD, Walters MD, Bump RC. Short forms of two condition specific quality-of-life questionnaires for women with pelvic floor disorders (PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193(1):103\u201313.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-05018-z","volume":"33","author":"HW Brown","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brown HW, Hegde A, Huebner M, Neels H, Barnes HC, Marquini GV, et al. International Urogynecology Consultation Committee 2: epidemiology of pelvic organ prolapse prevalence, incidence, natural history, and service needs. Int Urogynecol J. 2022;33(2):173\u201387.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2023.44.2.20220510","volume":"44","author":"HM Elbiss","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elbiss HM, Rafaqat W, Khan KS. Prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region. A meta-analysis. Saudi Med J. 2023;44(2):128\u201336.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"8","key":"6449_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10081652","volume":"10","author":"JA Barca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barca JA, Bravo C, Pintado-Recarte M, Asunsolo A, Cueto-Hernandez I, Ruiz-Labarta J, et al. Pelvic floor morbidity following vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2021;10(8):1652.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"6449_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01109.x","volume":"109","author":"C Scherf","year":"2002","unstructured":"Scherf C, Morison L, Fiander A, Ekpo G, Walraven G. Epidemiology of pelvic organ prolapse in rural Gambia, West Africa. BJOG. 2002;109:431\u20136.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"5","key":"6449_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000200","volume":"27","author":"AA Dieter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dieter AA, Wilkins MF, Wu JM. Epidemiological trends and future care needs for pelvic floor disorders. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2015;27(5):380\u20134.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6449_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2023.03.019","volume":"284","author":"H Dinc Kaya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dinc Kaya H, Gunaydin S, Dogan E. Prevalence of urinary incontinence in pregnant women in Turkey: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2023;284:162\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"6449_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.10.005","volume":"266","author":"FT Hammad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hammad FT. Prevalence, social impact and help-seeking behaviour among women with urinary incontinence in the Gulf countries: A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2021;266:150\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-020-00735-x","volume":"20","author":"K Xue","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xue K, Palmer MH, Zhou F. Prevalence and associated factors of urinary incontinence in women living in China: a literature review. BMC Urol. 2020;20(1):159.","journal-title":"BMC Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6449_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24342","volume":"39","author":"H Mostafaei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mostafaei H, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Hajebrahmini S, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Ghojazadeh M, Onur R, et al. Prevalence of female urinary incontinence in the developing world: a systematic review and meta-analysis\u2013a report from the Developing World Committee of the International Continence Society and Iranian Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine. Neurourol Urodyn. 2020;39(4):1063\u201386.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"6449_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-11692008000400020","volume":"16","author":"R Higa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Higa R, Baena de Mores Lopes MH, Turato ER. Psychocultural meanings of urinary incontinence in women: a review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2008;16:779\u201386.","journal-title":"Rev Lat Am Enfermagem"},{"issue":"4","key":"6449_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12048","volume":"60","author":"T Basak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Basak T, Kok G, Guvenc G. Prevalence, risk factors and quality of life in Turkish women with urinary incontinence: a synthesis of the literature. Int Nurs Rev. 2013;60(4):448\u201360.","journal-title":"Int Nurs Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000339929","volume":"90","author":"MA Cerruto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cerruto MA, D\u2019Elia Aloisi A, Fabrello M, Artibani W. Prevalence, incidence and obstetric factors\u2019 impact on female urinary incontinence in Europe: a systematic review. Urol Int. 2013;90(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"6449_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00220-0","volume":"82","author":"VA Minassian","year":"2003","unstructured":"Minassian VA, Drutz HP, Al-Badr A. Urinary incontinence as a worldwide problem. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;82(3):327\u201338.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"7","key":"6449_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04636-3","volume":"32","author":"HFA Moossdorff-Steinhauser","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moossdorff-Steinhauser HFA, Berghmans BC, Spaanderman MEA, Bols EMJ. Prevalence, incidence and bothersomeness of urinary incontinence in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2021;32(7):1633\u201352.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01588-4","volume":"38","author":"G Al Edwan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al Edwan G, Abdelazim MS, Salhab SE, Jamal YM, Soliman MA. The prevalence of overactive bladder symptoms in women in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon: a cross-sectional population-based survey. Adv Ther. 2021;38(2):1155\u201367.","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"6449_CR27","first-page":"913","volume":"46","author":"T Thubert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thubert T, Cardaillac C, Fritel X, Winer N, Dochez V. Definition, epidemiology and risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injuries: CNGOF perineal prevention and protection in obstetric guidelines. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2018;46(12):913\u201321.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol"},{"key":"6449_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.06.048","volume":"252","author":"M Sideris","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sideris M, McCaughey T, Hanrahan JG, Arroyo-Manzano D, Zamora J, Jha S, et al. Risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) and anal incontinence: a meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020;252:303\u201312.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"3S","key":"6449_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.06.021","volume":"230","author":"NA Okeahialam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okeahialam NA, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The prevention of perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024;230(3S):S991\u20131004.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6449_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12438","volume":"121","author":"HH Johannessen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johannessen HH, Wibe A, Stordahl A, Sandvik L, Backe B, Morkved S. Prevalence and predictors of anal incontinence during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery: a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2014;121(3):269\u201379.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"6449_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1838-6","volume":"18","author":"D O\u2019Malley","year":"2018","unstructured":"O\u2019Malley D, Higgins A, Begley C, Daly D, Smith V. Prevalence of and risk factors associated with sexual health issues in primiparous women at 6 and 12 months postpartum; a longitudinal prospective cohort study (the MAMMI study). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18:196.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"5","key":"6449_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.21873","volume":"55","author":"C Manzini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manzini C, Friedman T, Turel F, Dietz HP. Vaginal laxity: which measure of levator ani distensibility is most predictive? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55(5):683\u20137.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6449_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22922","volume":"35","author":"BT Haylen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haylen BT, Maher CF, Barber MD, Camargo S, Dandolu V, Digesu A, et al. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Neurourol Urodyn. 2016;35:137\u201368.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR34","first-page":"298","volume":"21","author":"L Millheiser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Millheiser L, Kingsberg S, Pauls RN. A cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence and symptoms associated with laxity of the vaginal introitus. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(Suppl 1):298\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1757-4","volume":"23","author":"RN Pauls","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pauls RN, Fellner AN, Davila GW. Vaginal laxity: a poorly understood quality of life problem; a survey of physician members of the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA). Int Urogynecol J. 2012;23:1435\u201348.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-017-3426-0","volume":"29","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Stankiewicz M, Atan IK, Ferreira CW, Socha M. Vaginal laxity: what does this symptom mean? Int Urogynecol J. 2018;29:723\u20138.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.08.015","volume":"15","author":"P Campbell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Campbell P, Krychman M, Gray T, Vickers H, Money-Taylor J, Li W, et al. Self-reported vaginal laxity\u2014prevalence, impact, and associated symptoms in women attending a urogynecology clinic. J Sex Med. 2018;15:1515\u20137.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"6449_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12744","volume":"96","author":"M Haeusler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haeusler M, Grunstra NDS, Martin RD, Krenn VA, Fornai C, Webb NM. The obstetrical dilemma hypothesis: there\u2019s life in the old dog yet. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2021;96:2031\u201357.","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"6449_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05081-0","volume":"33","author":"JA Deprest","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deprest JA, Cartwright R, Dietz HP, Brito LGO, Koch M, Allen-Brady K, et al. International urogynecological consultation (IUC): pathophysiology of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Int Urogynecol J. 2022;33(7):1699\u2013710.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20354","volume":"26","author":"J Wijima","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wijima J, Weis Potters AE, van der Mark TW, Tinga DJ, Aarnoudse JG. Displacement and recovery of the vesical neck position during pregnancy and after childbirth. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26:372\u20136.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.03.056","volume":"193","author":"V McKinnie","year":"2005","unstructured":"McKinnie V, Swift SE, Wang W, Woodman P, O\u2019Boyle A, Kahn M, et al. The effect of pregnancy and mode of delivery on prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193(2):512\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6449_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2019.31.202-206","volume":"31","author":"AH Subki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Subki AH, Fakeeh MM, Hindi MM, Nasr AM, Almaymuni AD, Abduljabbar HS. Fecal and urinary incontinence associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Mater Sociomed. 2019;31(3):202\u20136.","journal-title":"Mater Sociomed"},{"issue":"6","key":"6449_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.003","volume":"202","author":"M Alperin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alperin M, Feola A, Meyn L, Duerr R, Abramowitch S, Moalli P. Collagen scaffold: a treatment for simulated maternal birth injury in the rat model. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(6):589.e1\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)66151-4","volume":"166","author":"KD Sievert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sievert KD, Emre Bakircioglu M, Tsai T, Dahms SE, Nunes L, Lue TF. The effect of simulated birth trauma and\/or ovariectomy on rodent continence mechanism. Part I: functional and structural change. J Urol. 2001;166(1):311\u20137.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12020","volume":"120","author":"M Gyhagen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gyhagen M, Bullarbo M, Nielsen TF, Milsom I. Prevalence and risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse 20 years after childbirth: a national cohort study in singleton primiparae after vaginal or caesarean delivery. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013;120(2):152\u201360.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"4","key":"6449_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182267f2f","volume":"118","author":"VL Handa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Handa VL, Blomquist JL, Knoepp LR, Hoskey KA, McDermott KC, Munoz A. Pelvic floor disorders 5\u201310 years after vaginal or cesarean childbirth. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;118(4):777\u201384.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12075","volume":"120","author":"C Glazener","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glazener C, Elders A, MacArthur C, Lancashire RJ, Herbison P, Hagen S, et al. Childbirth and prolapse: long-term associations with the symptoms and objective measurement of pelvic organ prolapse. BJOG. 2013;120(2):161\u20138.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"7","key":"6449_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-04724-y","volume":"32","author":"L Cattani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cattani L, Decoene J, Page AS, Weeg N, Deprest J, Dietz HP. Pregnancy, labour and delivery as risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review. Int Urogynecol J. 2021;32(7):1623\u201331.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.05.019","volume":"111","author":"R Kearney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kearney R, Fitzpatrick M, Brennan S, Behan M, Miller J, Keane D, et al. Levator ani injury in primiparous women with forceps delivery for fetal distress, forceps for second stage arrest, and spontaneous delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;111(1):19\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"8","key":"6449_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01751.x","volume":"115","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Simpson JM. Levator trauma is associated with pelvic organ prolapse. BJOG. 2008;115(8):979\u201384.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"8","key":"6449_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2677-x","volume":"26","author":"V Thomas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thomas V, Shek KL, Guzman Rojas R, Dietz HP. Temporal latency between pelvic floor trauma and presentation for prolapse surgery: a retrospective observational study. Int Urogynecol J. 2015;26(8):1185\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"96","key":"6449_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2061-7","volume":"24","author":"B Sangsawang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N. Stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women: a review of prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment. Int Urogynecol J. 2013;24(96):901\u201312.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"6449_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.210.365","volume":"210","author":"E Kisli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kisli E, Kisli M, Agargun H, Altinokyigit F, Kamaci M, Ozman E, et al. Impaired function of the levator ani muscle in the grand multipara and great grand multipara. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2006;210(4):365\u201372.","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR54","first-page":"57","volume":"4","author":"CR Bim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bim CR, Perego AL, Pires Jr H. Fisioterapia aplicada \u00e0 ginecologia e obstetr\u00edcia. Cesumar. 2002;4(1):57\u201361.","journal-title":"Cesumar"},{"issue":"6","key":"6449_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000218096.54169.34","volume":"107","author":"ES Lukacz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lukacz ES, Lawrence JM, Contreras R, Nager CW, Luber KM. Parity, mode of delivery, and pelvic floor disorders. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(6):1253\u201360.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6449_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783X-15-6-246","volume":"15","author":"K Jundt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jundt K, Scheer I, Schiessl B, Karl K, Friese K, Peschers UM. Incontinence, bladder neck mobility, and sphincter ruptures in primiparous women. Eur J Med Res. 2010;15(6):246\u201352.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"6449_CR57","first-page":"1004","volume":"98","author":"G Rortveit","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rortveit G, Hannestad YS, Daltveit AK, Hunskaar S. Age- and type-dependent effects of parity on urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT study. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;98:1004\u201310.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6449_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00232-8","volume":"53","author":"YS Hannestad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hannestad YS, Rortveit G, Sandvik H, Hunskaar S. A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT study. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53:1150\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"6449_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s001920070021","volume":"11","author":"S Hunskaar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hunskaar S, Arnold EP, Burgio K, Diokno AC, Herzog AR, Mallett VT. Epidemiology and natural history of urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2000;11:301\u201319.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"6449_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1998.tb06009.x","volume":"46","author":"DH Thom","year":"1998","unstructured":"Thom DH, Brown JS. Reproductive and hormonal risk factors for urinary incontinence in later life: a review of the clinical and epidemiologic literature. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998;46:1411\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"6449_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6777(1999)18:6<567::AID-NAU7>3.0.CO;2-F","volume":"18","author":"P Chiarelli","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chiarelli P, Brown W, McElduff P. Leaking urine: prevalence and associated factors in Australian women. Neurourol Urodyn. 1999;18:567\u201377.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"13","key":"6449_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15407","volume":"125","author":"EK Hutton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hutton EK, Hannah ME, Willan AR, Ross S, Allen AC, Armson BA, et al. Urinary stress incontinence and other maternal outcomes 2 years after caesarean or vaginal birth for twin pregnancy: a multicentre randomised trial. BJOG. 2018;125(13):1682\u201390.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"6449_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(96)00338-9","volume":"88","author":"U Peschers","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peschers U, Schaer G, Anthuber C, Delancey JO, Schuessler B. Changes in vesical neck mobility following vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;88:1001\u20136.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6449_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/00016349808565819","volume":"77","author":"C Falconer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Falconer C, Blomgren B, Johansson O, Ulmsten U, Malmstrom A, Westergren-Thorsson G, et al. Different organization of collagen fibrils in stress-incontinent women of fertile age. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77:87\u201394.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"6449_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199312000-00017","volume":"36","author":"PA Norton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Norton PA. Pelvic floor disorders: the role of fascia and ligaments. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1993;36:926\u201338.","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6449_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-018-3609-3","volume":"29","author":"CC De Araujo","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Araujo CC, Coelho SA, Stahlschmidt P, Juliato CRT. Does vaginal delivery cause more damage to the pelvic floor than cesarean section as determined by 3D ultrasound evaluation? A systematic review. Int Urogynecol J. 2018;29(5):639\u201345 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-018-3609-3.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1989.tb01572.x","volume":"96","author":"ARB Smith","year":"1989","unstructured":"Smith ARB, Hosker GL, Warrell DW. The role of pudendal nerve damage in the aetiology of genuine stress incontinence of urine in women. BJOG. 1989;96:29\u201332.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"6","key":"6449_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.08.009","volume":"19","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Wilson PD. Childbirth and pelvic floor trauma. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2005;19(6):913\u201324.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6449_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04267-8","volume":"31","author":"R Everist","year":"2020","unstructured":"Everist R, Burrell M, Mallitt K, Parkin K, Patton V, Karantanis E. Postpartum anal incontinence in women with and without obstetric anal injuries. Int Urogynecol J. 2020;31(11):2269\u201375.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312233292601","volume":"329","author":"AH Sultan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Thomas JM, Bartram CI. Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1905\u201311.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01648831","volume":"1","author":"SJ Snooks","year":"1986","unstructured":"Snooks SJ, Swash M, Henry MM, Setchell M. Risk factors in childbirth causing damage to the pelvic floor innervation. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1986;1(1):20\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"6449_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000304","volume":"28","author":"HP Dietz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dietz HP, Wilson PD, Milsom I. Maternal birth trauma: why should it matter to urogynaecologists? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;28:441\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6449_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12920","volume":"122","author":"I Kamisan Atan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kamisan Atan I, Gerges B, Shek KL, Dietz HP. The association between vaginal parity and hiatal dimensions: a retrospective observational study in a tertiary urogynecological centre. BJOG. 2015;122:867\u201372.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"6449_CR74","first-page":"S10","volume":"99","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Holtz SA. Social and economic consequences of obstetric fistula: life changed forever. Int Gynaecol Obstet. 2007;99:S10\u20135.","journal-title":"Int Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"6449_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-018-3561-2","volume":"29","author":"V Tripathi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tripathi V, Elneil S, Romanzi L. Demand and capacity to integrate pelvic organ prolapse and genital fistula services in low-resource settings. Int Urogynecol J. 2018;29:1509\u201315.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0592-2","volume":"15","author":"KD Cowgill","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cowgill KD, Bishop J, Norgaard AK, Rubens CE, Gravett MG. Obstetric fistula in low-resource countries: an under-valued and under-studied problem\u2014systematic review of its incidence, prevalence, and association with stillbirth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:193.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3329\/jhpn.v30i2.11312","volume":"30","author":"RT Naved","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naved RT, Blum LS, Chowdhury S, Khan R, Bilkis S, Koblinsky M. Violence against women with chronic maternal disabilities in rural Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr. 2012;30(2):181\u201392.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"6449_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-014-2442-6","volume":"25","author":"HG Krause","year":"2014","unstructured":"Krause HG, Natukunda H, Singasi I, Hicks SS, Goh JT. Treatment seeking behaviour and social status of women with pelvic organ prolapse, 4th-degree obstetric tears, and obstetric fistula in western Uganda. Int Urogynecol J. 2014;25(11):1555\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"6449_CR79","unstructured":"Okafor JL. Nigeria: rising prolapse cases burden surgeons. 2016. http:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201603071329.html. Accessed 11 July 2017."},{"issue":"8446","key":"6449_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90188-6","volume":"13;2","author":"A Rosenfeld","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rosenfeld A, Maine D. Maternal mortality\u2014a neglected tragedy. Where is the M in MCH? The Lancet. 1985;13;2(8446):P83\u20135.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12463","volume":"141","author":"V Filippi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Filippi V, Chou D, Barreix M, Say L, On behalf of the WHO Maternal Morbidity Working Group (MMWG). A new conceptual framework for maternal morbidity. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2018;141(Suppl.1):4\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12735","volume":"121","author":"JP Souza","year":"2014","unstructured":"Souza JP, Tun\u00e7alp \u00d6, Vogel JP, Bohren M, Windmer M, Oladpo OT, et al. Obstetric transition: the pathway towards ending preventable maternal deaths. BJOG. 2014;121(Suppl 1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"6449_CR83","unstructured":"Every Woman Every Child. The Global Strategy for Women\u2019s, Children\u2019s, and Adolescents\u2019 Health (2016\u20132030): Survive, Thrive, Transform. 2015. http:\/\/www.who.int\/life-course\/partners\/global-strategy\/ewec-globalstrategyreport-200915.pdf."},{"key":"6449_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e227","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)00044-9","volume":"4(4)","author":"F Knaul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Knaul F, Langer A, Atun R, Rodin D, Frenk J, Bonita R. Rethinking maternal health. The Lancet Global Health. 2016;4(4);e227\u2013e228.","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"6449_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.32444\/IJSW.2018.79.4.469-496","volume":"79","author":"M Hamiduzzaman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamiduzzaman M, De Bellis A, Abigail W, Kalaitzidis E. Social determinants of rural elderly women\u2019s healthcare access: a systematic review of qualitative literature. Indian J Soc Work. 2018;79(4):469\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32444\/IJSW.2018.79.4.469-496.","journal-title":"Indian J Soc Work."},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12469","volume":"141","author":"T Firoz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Firoz T, Mccaw-Binns A, Filippi V, Magee LA, Costa ML, Cecatti JG, et al. A framework for healthcare interventions to address maternal morbidity. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2018;141(1):61\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"6449_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0789-4","volume":"16","author":"D Chou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chou D, Tuncalp O, Firoz T, Barreix M, Filippi V, von Dadelszen P, et al. Constructing maternal morbidity\u2014towards a standard tool to measure and monitor maternal health beyond mortality. BMC Pregn Childbirth. 2016;16:45.","journal-title":"BMC Pregn Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR88","first-page":"124","volume":"30","author":"M Koblinsky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koblinsky M, Chowdhury ME, Moran A, Rosmans C. Maternal morbidity and disability and their consequences: neglected agenda in maternal health. Health Popul Nutr. 2012;30(2):124\u201330.","journal-title":"Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"6449_CR89","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO technical consultation on postpartum and postnatal care. 18 March 2010. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-MPS-10.03. Accessed 1 Sept 2025."},{"key":"6449_CR90","first-page":"2037","volume-title":"Incontinence","author":"A Rantell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rantell A, Dufour S, Eustice S, Griebling T, Hegde A, Neels H. Primary prevention, continence promotion, models of care and education. In: Cardozo L, Rovner E, Wagg A, Wein A, Abrams P, editors. Incontinence. 7th ed. Bristol: International Continence Society; 2023. p. 2037\u201384.","edition":"7"},{"key":"6449_CR91","first-page":"4084","volume":"15","author":"L Slothers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Slothers L, Wilkie D, Lieblich P, Wilson P. Developing a continence care centre using an urban\/academic model of continence care. Can J Urol. 2008;15:4084\u201390.","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"6449_CR92","first-page":"696","volume":"55","author":"K Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams K, Assassa R, Cooper N, Turner DA, Shaw C, Abrams KR, et al. Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a nurse-led continence service: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Gen Pract. 2005;55:696\u2013703.","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"6449_CR93","unstructured":"Socialstyrelsen. National guidelines for urinary incontinence care (Nationella riktlinjer f\u00f6r v\u00e5rd vid urininkontinens). Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen; 2014. Available from: https:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se."},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR94","first-page":"M34YM37","volume":"54A","author":"SJ Cohen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cohen SJ, Robinson D, Dugan E, Howard G, Suggs PK, Pearce KF, et al. Communication between older adults and their physicians about urinary incontinence. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1999;54A(1):M34YM37.","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"6449_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0b013e31823122f2","volume":"17","author":"T Yazdany","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yazdany T, Wong M, Bhatia NN. Improving resident screening and workup of urinary incontinence in an OB\/GYN residency program: a randomized controlled study. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2011;17(5):242\u20135.","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"6449_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430601049381","volume":"13","author":"M O\u2019Donnell","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell M, Viktrup L, Hunskaar S. The role of general practitioners in the initial management of women with urinary in continence in France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Eur J Gen Pract. 2007;13:20\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3087-4","volume":"28","author":"AT O\u2019Neill","year":"2017","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill AT, Hockey J, O\u2019Brien P, Williams A, Morris TP, Khan T, et al. Knowledge of pelvic floor problems: a study of third trimester, primiparous women. Int Urogynecol J. 2017;28(1):125\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"6449_CR98","first-page":"1041","volume":"31","author":"M McCann","year":"2021","unstructured":"McCann M, Kelly AM, Eustace-Cook J, Howlin C, Daly L. Community nurses\u2019 attitudes, knowledge and educational needs in relation to urinary continence, continence assessment and management: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2021;31(7\u20138):1041\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"6449_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-023-05659-2","volume":"34","author":"A Hegde","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hegde A. Evolution of urogynecology training worldwide and the Cama experience. Int Urogynecol J. 2023;34:2337\u201340.","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR100","first-page":"1","volume":"27","author":"KWR Ng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ng KWR. Urogynecology training in South East Asia (SEA) and Asia. Maj Obstet Ginecol. 2019;27(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Maj Obstet Ginecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6449_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204763","volume":"13","author":"AB Moller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moller AB, Newby H, Hanson C, Morgan A, El Arifeen S, Chou D, et al. Measures matter: a scoping review of maternal and newborn indicators. PLoS One. 2018;13(10):e0204763.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"6449_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13071896","volume":"13","author":"J Rodriguez-Almagro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Almagro J, Martinez AH, Martinez-Vazquez S, Molina RAP, Bermejo-Cantarero A, Martinez-Galiano JM. A qualitative exploration of the perceptions of women living with pelvic floor disorders and factors related to quality of life. J Clin Med. 2024;13(7):1896.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6449_CR103","first-page":"159","volume":"9","author":"Z Hadizadeh-Talasaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hadizadeh-Talasaz Z, Khadivzadeh T, Ebrahimipour H, Ghaebl NK. The experiences of women who live with pelvic floor disorders. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2021;9(2):159\u201371.","journal-title":"Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery"},{"key":"6449_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.08.024","volume":"182","author":"V Svihrova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Svihrova V, Svihra J, Luptak J, Swift S, Digesu GA. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYS) in general population with pelvic organ prolapse: a study based on the prolapse quality-of-life questionnaire (P-QOL). Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014;182:22\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.08.031","volume":"65","author":"I Milsom","year":"2014","unstructured":"Milsom I, Coyne KS, Nicholson S, Kvasz M, Chen C-I, Wein AJ. Global prevalence and economic burden of urgency urinary incontinence: a systematic review. Eur Urol. 2014;65(1):79\u201395.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6449_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510012172","volume":"40","author":"M Deutekom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Deutekom M, Dobben AC, Dijkgraaf MG, Terra MP, Stoker J, Bossuyt PM. Costs of outpatients with fecal incontinence. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005;40(5):552\u20138.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6449_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02592-w","volume":"23","author":"F Toye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Toye F, Dixon S, Izett-Kay M, Keating S, McNiven A. Exploring the experiences of people with urogynaecology conditions in the UK: a reflexive thematic analysis and conceptual model. BMC Womens Health. 2023;23:431.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"6449_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13841","volume":"26","author":"A Nendela","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nendela A, Farrell S, Wakasiaka S, Mills T, Khisa W, Omoni G, et al. Women\u2019s experiences of care after stillbirth and obstetric fistula: a phenomenological study in Kenya. Health Expect. 2023;26(6):2475\u201384.","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"6449_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S383651","volume":"14","author":"P Chow","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chow P, Chuang Y, Hsu KCP, Shen Y, Liu S. Impact of female stress urinary incontinence on quality of life, mental health, work limitation, and healthcare seeking in China, Taiwan, and South Korea (LUTS Asia): results from a cross-sectional, population-based study. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1871\u201380.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"6449_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.07.049","volume":"61","author":"KS Coyne","year":"2012","unstructured":"Coyne KS, Kvasz M, Ireland AM, Milsom I, Kopp ZS, Chapple CR. Urinary incontinence and its relationship to mental health and health-related quality of life in men and women in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Eur Urol. 2012;61(1):88\u201395.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6449_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14947","volume":"75","author":"AK El-Gharib","year":"2021","unstructured":"El-Gharib AK, Manzour AF, El-Mallah R, El Said SMS. Impact of urinary incontinence on physical performance and quality of life (QOL) amongst a group of elderly in Cairo. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(12):e14947.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"6449_CR112","volume-title":"Reliance of the traveller: a classic manual of Islamic sacred law","author":"AI Naqib al-Misri","year":"1994","unstructured":"Naqib al-Misri AI, Keller NHM. Reliance of the traveller: a classic manual of Islamic sacred law. Beltsville, MD: Amana Publications; 1994."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12464","volume":"141","author":"M Barreix","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barreix M, Barbour K, McCaw-Binns A, Chou D, Petzold M, Gichuchi GN, et al. Standardizing the measurement of maternal morbidity: pilot study results. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018;141(Suppl 1):10\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"6449_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61001-6","volume":"381","author":"B Osotimehin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Osotimehin B. Obstetric fistula: ending the health and human rights tragedy. Lancet. 2013;381:1702\u20133.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6449_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13033","volume":"148","author":"G Slinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Slinger G, Trautvetter L. Addressing the fistula treatment gap and rising to the 2030 challenge. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020;148(Suppl 1):9\u201315.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"6449_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e271","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70348-1","volume":"3","author":"M Maheu-Giroux","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maheu-Giroux M, Filippi V, Samadoulougou S, Castro MC, Maulet M, Meda M, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F. Prevalence of symptoms of vaginal fistula in 19 sub-Saharan Africa countries: a meta-analysis of national household survey data. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3:e271-78.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"6449_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-246","volume":"13","author":"AJ Adler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adler AJ, Ronsmans C, Calvert C, Filippi V. Estimating the prevalence of obstetric fistula: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:246.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"6449_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.36.22.22204","volume":"36","author":"OO Bello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bello OO, Morhason-Bello IO, Ojengbede OA. Nigeria, a high burden state of obstetric fistula: a contextual analysis of key drivers. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;36:22.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"6449_CR119","unstructured":"WHO. WHO recommendation on duration of bladder catheterization after surgical repair of simple obstetric urinary fistula. 2018. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241550192. Accessed 20 June 2023."},{"key":"6449_CR120","unstructured":"Intensification of efforts to end obstetric fistula : resolution \/ adopted by the General Assembly. UN. General Assembly (75th sess. : 2020-2021). 2020. https:\/\/digitallibrary.un.org\/record\/3896019?v=pdf#files. Accessed 2 July 2023."},{"key":"6449_CR121","unstructured":"The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Global competency based fistula surgery training manual. UNFPA 2011. https:\/\/www.figo.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-05\/FIGO_Global_Competency-Based_Fistula_Surgery_Training_Manual_0.pdf. Accessed 29 Nov 2022."}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T15:02:51Z","timestamp":1780326171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8"}},"subtitle":["Advocating for a Public Health Approach to Pelvic Floor Disorders Resulting from Pregnancy and Childbirth Trauma"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":121,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-025-06449-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None of the authors have any conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}}]}}