{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:54:52Z","timestamp":1787068492997,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urogynecol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T17:34:05Z","timestamp":1774460045000},"page":"2569-2575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bacteriuria After Diagnostic Flexible Cystoscopy Without Antibiotic Prophylaxis: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3885-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsia-Shu","family":"Lo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chean-Wen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai-Leen","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien Chien","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu Hsiang","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hao Lin","family":"MD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6616_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)60554-8","volume":"109","author":"S Tsuchida","year":"1973","unstructured":"Tsuchida S, Sugawara H. A new flexible fibercystoscope for visualization of the bladder neck. J Urol. 1973;109(5):830\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)60554-8.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6616_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410x.1984.tb06130.x","volume":"56","author":"CG Fowler","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fowler CG, Badenoch DF, Thakar DR. Practical experience with flexible fibrescope cystoscopy in out-patients. Br J Urol. 1984;56(6):618\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-410x.1984.tb06130.x.","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6616_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-025-03891-x","volume":"194","author":"P Kumar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kumar P, Tariq S, Philip S, Hendricken C, Salameh F. Outpatient flexible cystoscopy in urogynaecology: a tertiary hospital\u2019s experience. Ir J Med Sci. 2025;194(2):409\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-025-03891-x.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"6616_CR4","first-page":"517","volume-title":"Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation","author":"EH Spaulding","year":"1968","unstructured":"Spaulding EH. Chemical disinfection of medical and surgical materials. In: Lawrence C, Block SS, editors. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1968. p. 517\u201331."},{"issue":"11S","key":"6616_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2023.01.001","volume":"51","author":"WA Rutala","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rutala WA, Boyce JM, Weber DJ. Disinfection, sterilization and antisepsis: an overview. Am J Infect Control. 2023;51(11S):A3-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2023.01.001.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"6616_CR6","unstructured":"Rutala WA, Weber DJ, Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). Guideline for disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities, 2008. CDC; 2008 (updated 2024)."},{"issue":"6","key":"6616_CR7","first-page":"11361","volume":"29","author":"J Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee J, Kaplan-Marans E, Jivanji D, Tennenbaum D, Schulman A. Post-cystoscopy infections and device malfunctions in reprocessed flexible cystoscopes in a national database. Can J Urol. 2022;29(6):11361\u20135.","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.04.004","volume":"35","author":"WA Rutala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rutala WA, Weber DJ. Disinfection and sterilization in health care facilities: an overview and current issues. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2021;35(3):575\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2021.04.004","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"6616_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/UPJ.0000000000000162","volume":"8","author":"V Roth","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roth V, Espino-Grosso P, Henriksen CH, Canales BK. Office cystoscopy urinary tract infection rate and cost before and after implementing new handling and storage practices. Urol Pract. 2021;8(1):23\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/UPJ.0000000000000162.","journal-title":"Urol Pract"},{"issue":"1A","key":"6616_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(02)01054-9","volume":"113","author":"B Foxman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Foxman B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. Am J Med. 2002;113(1A):5S-13S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9343(02)01054-9","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"6616_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euros.2021.06.014","volume":"31","author":"M Trail","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trail M, Cullen J, Fulton E, Clayton F, McGregor E, McWilliam F, et al. Evaluating the safety of performing flexible cystoscopy when urinalysis suggests presence of \u201cinfection\u201d: results of a prospective clinical study in 2350 patients. Eur Urol Open Sci. 2021;31:28\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euros.2021.06.014.","journal-title":"Eur Urol Open Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"6616_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410x.1990.tb14997.x","volume":"66","author":"KR Clark","year":"1990","unstructured":"Clark KR, Higgs MJ. Urinary infection following out-patient flexible cystoscopy. Br J Urol. 1990;66(5):503\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-410x.1990.tb14997.x.","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001151","volume":"28","author":"AA Jackson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jackson AA, Ackerman C, Alesna N, Hicks K, Tanner JP, Chang ES, et al. A retrospective cohort study to identify the risk factors for urinary tract infection after office procedures. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2022;28(3):165\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001151.","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"6616_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25447","volume":"43","author":"A Benseler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Benseler A, Tomlinson G, Lovatsis D, Alarab M, McDermott CD. Optimizing practices to prevent urinary tract\u00a0infection after cystoscopy and urodynamics in women: a quality improvement study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2024;43(4):883\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.25447.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"4","key":"6616_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12217","volume":"54","author":"TS Lo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lo TS, Khanuengkitkong S, Tan YL, Dass AK, Wu PY, Al-Kharabsheh AM. Low incidence of bacteriuria with outpatient flexible cystoscopy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;54(4):366\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajo.12217","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/tog.12396","volume":"19","author":"M Lyttle","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lyttle M, Fowler G. Cystoscopy for the gynaecologist: how to do a cystoscopy. Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;19(3):236\u201340.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6616_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy381","volume":"67","author":"JM Miller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, Carroll KC, Chapin CK, Giligan PH, et al. A guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2018 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Society for Microbiology. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):e1-94. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciy381.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"6616_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10100832","volume":"10","author":"N Karah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karah N, Rafei R, Elamin W, Ghazy A, Abbara A, Hamze M, et al. Guideline for urine culture and biochemical identification of bacterial urinary pathogens in low-resource settings. Diagnostics. 2020;10(10):832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics10100832.","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"5","key":"6616_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1086\/427507","volume":"40","author":"LE Nicolle","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nicolle LE, Bradley S, Colgan R, Rice JC, Schaeffer A, Hooton TM. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(5):643\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/427507.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"6616_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.08.001","volume":"184","author":"JQ Clemens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clemens JQ, Dowling R, Foley F, Goldman HB, Gonzalez CM, Tessier C, et al. Joint AUA\/SUNA white paper on reprocessing of flexible cystoscopes. J Urol. 2010;184(6):2241\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2010.08.001.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6616_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2015.266","volume":"37","author":"WA Rutala","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rutala WA, Gergen MF, Bringhurst J, Weber DJ. Effective high-level disinfection of cystoscopes: is perfusion of channels required? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):228\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2015.266.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6616_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000509","volume":"203","author":"DJ Lightner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lightner DJ, Wymer K, Sanchez J, Kavoussi L. Best practice statement on urologic procedures and antimicrobial prophylaxis. J Urol. 2020;203(2):351\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JU.0000000000000509.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6616_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.07093.x","volume":"100","author":"MI Johnson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Johnson MI, Merrilees D, Robson WA, Lennon T, Masters J, Orr KE, et al. Oral ciprofloxacin or trimethoprim reduces bacteriuria after flexible cystoscopy. BJU Int. 2007;100(4):826\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.07093.x.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1159\/000381882","volume":"95","author":"MM Carey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carey MM, Zreik A, Fenn NJ, Chlosta PL, Aboumarzouk OM. Should we use antibiotic prophylaxis for flexible cystoscopy? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Int. 2015;95(3):249\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000381882.","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"6616_CR25","unstructured":"Bonkat G, Kranz J, Cai T, Geerlings SE, Koves B, Pilatz A, et al. EAU guidelines on urological infections.\u00a0European Association of Urology; 2025."},{"issue":"5","key":"6616_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.20250221","volume":"66","author":"D Perez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Perez D, Mamber A, Pasherstnik M, Koulikov D, Natsheh AE, Shenfeld OZ, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis in ambulatory cystoscopy: challenging its role even in high-risk patients-prospective observational study. Investig Clin Urol. 2025;66(5):448\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4111\/icu.20250221.","journal-title":"Investig Clin Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2004.04.062","volume":"32","author":"C Marena","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marena C, Lodola L, Lodi R, Zambianchi L. Comparison between glutaraldehyde and ortho-phthalaldehyde air levels during endoscopic procedures. Am J Infect Control. 2004;32(3):E41-2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2004.04.062.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.0c00379","volume":"34","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, Wu Q, Muskhelishvili L, Davis K, Wynne R, Tripathi P, et al. Toxicity of ortho-phthalaldehyde aerosols in a human\u00a0in vitro\u00a0airway tissue model. Chem Res Toxicol. 2021;34(3):754\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.0c00379.","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6616_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.12.107","volume":"9","author":"G Pala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pala G, Moscato G. Allergy to ortho-phthalaldehyde in the healthcare setting: advice for clinicians. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2013;9(3):227\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/eci.12.107.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"6616_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.10.028","volume":"41","author":"NL Havill","year":"2013","unstructured":"Havill NL. Best practices in disinfection of noncritical surfaces in the health care setting: creating a bundle for success. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41(5 Suppl):S26-30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.10.028.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"}],"container-title":["International Urogynecology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:09:08Z","timestamp":1787065748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["6616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-026-06616-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-3462","1433-3023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-3462","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3023","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (IRB: 202400282B0C5002).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}