{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:06:24Z","timestamp":1762430784774},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,9]],"date-time":"2013-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Osteoporos Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T13:46:25Z","timestamp":1381239985000},"page":"23-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Performance of risk assessment instruments for predicting osteoporotic fracture risk: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Nayak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. A.","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. L.","family":"Greenspan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2504_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin JT, Lane JM (2004) Osteoporosis: a review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 126\u2013134","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000132404.30139.f2"},{"key":"2504_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.061113","volume":"22","author":"R Burge","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burge R, Dawson-Hughes B, Solomon DH, Wong JB, King A, Tosteson A (2007) Incidence and economic burden of osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States, 2005\u20132025. J Bone Miner Res 22:465\u2013475","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2504_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-4-24","volume":"4","author":"JC MacDermid","year":"2003","unstructured":"MacDermid JC, Roth JH, Richards RS (2003) Pain and disability reported in the year following a distal radius fracture: a cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 4:24","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2504_CR4","volume-title":"Bone health and osteoporosis: a report of the Surgeon General","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2004","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2004) Bone health and osteoporosis: a report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General, Rockville"},{"key":"2504_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.14.1525","volume":"164","author":"RS Stafford","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stafford RS, Drieling RL, Hersh AL (2004) National trends in osteoporosis visits and osteoporosis treatment, 1988\u20132003. Arch Intern Med 164:1525\u20131530","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2504_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2004.tb05908.x","volume":"180","author":"TV Nguyen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nguyen TV, Center JR, Eisman JA (2004) Osteoporosis: underrated, underdiagnosed and undertreated. Med J Aust 180:S18\u2013S22","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2504_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-004-1680-8","volume":"16","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L (2005) Osteoporosis is markedly underdiagnosed: a nationwide study from Denmark. Osteoporos Int 16:134\u2013141","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2504_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Schousboe JT (2011) A review of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment options in new and recently updated guidelines on case finding around the world. Curr Osteoporos Rep 9:129\u2013140","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-011-0060-5"},{"key":"2504_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl094","volume":"99","author":"TP Staa van","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Staa TP, Geusens P, Kanis JA, Leufkens HG, Gehlbach S, Cooper C (2006) A simple clinical score for estimating the long-term risk of fracture in post-menopausal women. QJM 99:673\u2013682","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"2504_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Berger C, Langsetmo L, Lix LM, Adachi JD, Hanley DA, Ioannidis G, Josse RG, Kovacs CS, Towheed T, Kaiser S, Olszynski WP, Prior JC, Jamal S, Kreiger N, Goltzman D (2011) Construction and validation of a simplified fracture risk assessment tool for Canadian women and men: results from the CaMos and Manitoba cohorts. Osteoporos Int 22:1873\u20131883","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1445-5"},{"key":"2504_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolland MJ, Siu AT, Mason BH, Horne AM, Ames RW, Grey AB, Gamble GD, Reid IR (2011) Evaluation of the FRAX and Garvan fracture risk calculators in older women. J Bone Miner Res 26:420\u2013427","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.215"},{"key":"2504_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamaki J, Iki M, Kadowaki E, Sato Y, Kajita E, Kagamimori S, Kagawa Y, Yoneshima H (2011) Fracture risk prediction using FRAX(R): a 10-year follow-up survey of the Japanese Population-Based Osteoporosis (JPOS) Cohort Study. Osteoporos Int 22:3037\u20133045","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1537-x"},{"key":"2504_CR13","unstructured":"Lo JC, Pressman AR, Chandra M, Ettinger B (2011) Fracture risk tool validation in an integrated healthcare delivery system. Am J Manag Care 17:188\u2013194"},{"key":"2504_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Lix LM, Johansson H, Oden A, McCloskey E, Kanis JA (2010) Independent clinical validation of a Canadian FRAX tool: fracture prediction and model calibration. J Bone Miner Res 25:2350\u20132358","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.123"},{"key":"2504_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langsetmo L, Nguyen TV, Nguyen ND, Kovacs CS, Prior JC, Center JR, Morin S, Josse RG, Adachi JD, Hanley DA, Eisman JA (2011) Independent external validation of nomograms for predicting risk of low-trauma fracture and hip fracture. CMAJ 183:E107\u2013114","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.100458"},{"key":"2504_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b4229","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b4229","volume":"339","author":"J Hippisley-Cox","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C (2009) Predicting risk of osteoporotic fracture in men and women in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QFractureScores. BMJ 339:b4229","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2504_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2005.14.159","volume":"14","author":"B Ettinger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ettinger B, Hillier TA, Pressman A, Che M, Hanley DA (2005) Simple computer model for calculating and reporting 5-year osteoporotic fracture risk in postmenopausal women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 14:159\u2013171","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2504_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Lix LM (2010) Simplified 10-year absolute fracture risk assessment: a comparison of men and women. J Clin Densitom 13:141\u2013146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2010.02.002"},{"key":"2504_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.020604","volume":"21","author":"B Abrahamsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abrahamsen B, Vestergaard P, Rud B, Barenholdt O, Jensen JE, Nielsen SP, Mosekilde L, Brixen K (2006) Ten-year absolute risk of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD T score at menopause: the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study. J Bone Miner Res 21:796\u2013800","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2504_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.06.001","volume":"43","author":"WD Leslie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Tsang JF, Lix LM (2008) Validation of ten-year fracture risk prediction: a clinical cohort study from the Manitoba Bone Density Program. Bone 43:667\u2013671","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2504_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins GS, Mallett S, Altman DG (2011) Predicting risk of osteoporotic and hip fracture in the United Kingdom: prospective independent and external validation of QFractureScores. BMJ 342:d3651","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d3651"},{"key":"2504_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czerwinski E, Kanis JA, Osieleniec J, Kumorek A, Milert A, Johansson H, McCloskey EV, Gorkiewicz M (2011) Evaluation of FRAX to characterise fracture risk in Poland. Osteoporos Int 22:2507\u20132512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1502-0"},{"issue":"11","key":"2504_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-006-9072-3","volume":"21","author":"LA Ahmed","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ahmed LA, Schirmer H, F\u00f8nneb\u00f8 V, Joakimsen RM, Berntsen GK (2006) Validation of the Cummings' risk score; How well does it identify women with high risk of hip fracture: The Troms\u00f8 Study. Eur J Epidemiol 21(11):815\u2013822","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2504_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-30","volume":"12","author":"R Azagra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Azagra R, Roca G, Encabo G, Prieto D, Aguye A, Zwart M, Guell S, Puchol N, Gene E, Casado E, Sancho P, Sola S, Toran P, Iglesias M, Sabate V, Lopez-Exposito F, Ortiz S, Fernandez Y, Diez-Perez A (2011) Prediction of absolute risk of fragility fracture at 10\u00a0years in a Spanish population: validation of the WHO FRAX TM tool in Spain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 12:30","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"2504_CR25","first-page":"289","volume":"29","author":"JJ Body","year":"2008","unstructured":"Body JJ, Moreau M, Bergmann P, Paesmans M, Dekelver C, Lemaire ML (2008) Absolute risk fracture prediction by risk factors validation and survey of osteoporosis in a Brussels cohort followed during 10\u00a0years (FRISBEE study). Rev Med Brux 29(4):289\u2013293","journal-title":"Rev Med Brux"},{"key":"2504_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheung, EYN, Bow CH, Cheung CL, Soong C, Yeung S, Loong C, Kung A (2012) Discriminative value of FRAX for fracture prediction in a cohort of Chinese postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 23: 871\u2013878","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1647-5"},{"issue":"12","key":"2504_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200133","volume":"13","author":"CS Colon-Emeric","year":"2002","unstructured":"Colon-Emeric CS, Pieper CF, Artz MB (2002) Can historical and functional risk factors be used to predict fractures in community-dwelling older adults? Development and validation of a clinical tool. Osteoporos Int 13(12):955\u2013961","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"2504_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.10.1587","volume":"13","author":"CE Laet De","year":"1998","unstructured":"De Laet CE, Van Hout BA, Burger H, Weel AE, Hofman A, Pols HA (1998) Hip fracture prediction in elderly men and women: validation in the Rotterdam study. J Bone Miner Res 13(10):1587\u20131593","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2504_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2008.03.002","volume":"11","author":"C Durosier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Durosier C, Hans D, Krieg MA, Schott AM (2008) Defining risk thresholds for a 10-year probability of hip fracture model that combines clinical risk factors and quantitative ultrasound: results using the EPISEM cohort. J Clin Densitom 11(3):397\u2013403","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"issue":"22","key":"2504_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.404","volume":"169","author":"KE Ensrud","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ensrud KE, Lu LY, Taylor BC, Schousboe JT, Donaldson MG, Fink HA, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Browner WS, Cummings SR, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research, Group (2009) A comparison of prediction models for fractures in older women: is more better? Arch Intern Med 169(22):2087\u20132094","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2504_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.05.021","volume":"49","author":"S Fujiwara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fujiwara S, Hamaya E, Goto W, Masunari N, Furukawa K, Fukunaga M, Nakamura T, Miyauchi A, Chen P (2011) Vertebral fracture status and the World Health Organization risk factors for predicting osteoporotic fracture risk in Japan. Bone 49:520\u2013525","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"8","key":"2504_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50354.x","volume":"50","author":"CJ Girman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Girman CJ, Chandler JM, Zimmerman SI, Martin AR, Hawkes W, Hebel JR, Sloane PD, Magaziner J (2002) Prediction of fracture in nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc 50(8):1341\u20131347","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"2504_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080229","volume":"23","author":"D Hans","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hans D, Durosier C, Kanis JA, Johansson H, Schott-Pethelaz A-M, Krieg M-A (2008) Assessment of the 10-year probability of osteoporotic hip fracture combining clinical risk factors and heel bone ultrasound: the EPISEM prospective cohort of 12,958 elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 23(7):1045\u20131051","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2504_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1176-7","volume":"21","author":"YA Hundrup","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hundrup YA, Jacobsen RK, Andreasen AH, Davidsen M, Obel EB, Abrahamsen B (2010) Validation of a 5-year risk score of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. The Danish Nurse Cohort Study. Osteoporos Int 21(12):2135\u20132142","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2504_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0343-y","volume":"18","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, Johansson H, De Laet C, Brown J, Burckhardt P, Cooper C, Christiansen C, Cummings S, Eisman JA, Fujiwara S, Gluer C, Goltzman D, Hans D, Krieg M-A, La Croix A, McCloskey E, Mellstrom D, Melton LJ 3rd, Pols H, Reeve J, Sanders K, Schott A-M, Silman A, Torgerson D, van Staa T, Watts NB, Yoshimura N (2007) The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women. Osteoporos Int 18(8):1033\u20131046","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2504_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081012","volume":"24","author":"WD Leslie","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Tsang JF, Lix LM, Manitoba Bone Density Program (2009) Simplified system for absolute fracture risk assessment: clinical validation in Canadian women. J Bone Miner Res 24(2):353\u2013360","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2504_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041206","volume":"20","author":"LJ Melton 3rd","year":"2005","unstructured":"Melton LJ 3rd, Atkinson EJ, Khosla S, Oberg AL, Riggs BL (2005) Evaluation of a prediction model for long-term fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res 20(4):551\u2013556","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2504_CR38","first-page":"S79","volume":"22","author":"A Moayyeri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moayyeri A, Welch A, Luben RN, Wareham NJ, Bingham S, Khaw KT (2007) Height loss predicts fractures in middle aged and older men and women: European prospective investigation into cancer-Norfolk population cohort study. J Bone Miner Res 22(Suppl 1):S79","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6, Suppl 2","key":"2504_CR39","first-page":"S148","volume":"40","author":"ND Nguyen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nguyen ND, Frost SA, Center JR, Eisman JA, Nguyen TV (2007) Development of a clinical nomogram for individualizing 5-year and 10-year risks of fracture. Bone (New York) 40(6, Suppl 2):S148\u2013S149","journal-title":"Bone (New York)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2504_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-1026-7","volume":"21","author":"SK Sandhu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sandhu SK, Nguyen ND, Center JR, Pocock NA, Eisman JA, Nguyen TV (2010) Prognosis of fracture: evaluation of predictive accuracy of the FRAX\u2122 algorithm and Garvan nomogram. Osteoporos Int 21(5):863\u2013871","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2504_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-153","volume":"10","author":"J Sanfelix-Genoves","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sanfelix-Genoves J, Peiro S, Sanfelix-Gimeno G, Giner V, Gil V, Pascual M, Fluixa C, Fuertes A, Hurtado I, Ferreros I (2010) Development and validation of a population-based prediction scale for osteoporotic fracture in the region of Valencia, Spain: the ESOSVAL-R study. BMC Public Health 10:153","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"2504_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.106","volume":"25","author":"E Sornay-Rendu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sornay-Rendu E, Munoz F, Delmas PD, Chapurlat RD (2010) The FRAX tool in French women: how well does it describe the real incidence of fracture in the OFELY cohort? J Bone Miner Res 25(10):2101\u20132107","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2504_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.08.019","volume":"47","author":"S Tanaka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tanaka S, Yoshimura N, Kuroda T, Hosoi T, Saito M, Shiraki M (2010) The Fracture and Immobilization Score (FRISC) for risk assessment of osteoporotic fracture and immobilization in postmenopausal women\u2014a joint analysis of the Nagano, Miyama, and Taiji Cohorts. Bone 47(6):1064\u20131070","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"5","key":"2504_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.12","volume":"25","author":"FA Tremollieres","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tremollieres FA, Pouilles J-M, Drewniak N, Laparra J, Ribot CA, Dargent-Molina P (2010) Fracture risk prediction using BMD and clinical risk factors in early postmenopausal women: sensitivity of the WHO FRAX tool. J Bone Miner Res 25(5):1002\u20131009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2504_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.03.054","volume":"48","author":"T Geel Van","year":"2011","unstructured":"Van Geel T, Geusens P, Dinant G-J, Huntjens K, Bours S, van den Bergh J (2011) Comparing FRAX and Garvan Fracture Risk Calculator in postmenopausal women: a prospective 5-year follow-up study. Bone 48:S63","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"3","key":"2504_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci029","volume":"98","author":"T-P Staa Van","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Staa T-P, Geusens P, Pols HAP, de Laet C, Leufkens HGM, Cooper C (2005) A simple score for estimating the long-term risk of fracture in patients using oral glucocorticoids. QJM 98(3):191\u2013198","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"2504_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Oden A, Johansson H, McCloskey E (2012) Pitfalls in the external validation of FRAX. Osteoporos Int 23:423\u2013431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1846-0"},{"key":"2504_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steurer J, Haller C, Hauselmann H, Brunner F, Bachmann LM (2011) Clinical value of prognostic instruments to identify patients with an increased risk for osteoporotic fractures: systematic review. PLoS One 6:e19994","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019994"},{"key":"2504_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson HD, Haney EM, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Chou R (2010) Screening for osteoporosis: an update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 153:99\u2013111","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-2-201007200-00262"},{"key":"2504_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.096529","volume":"54","author":"NR Cook","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cook NR (2008) Statistical evaluation of prognostic versus diagnostic models: beyond the ROC curve. Clin Chem 54:17\u201323","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2504_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.404","volume":"169","author":"KE Ensrud","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ensrud KE, Lui LY, Taylor BC, Schousboe JT, Donaldson MG, Fink HA, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Browner WS, Cummings SR (2009) A comparison of prediction models for fractures in older women: is more better? Arch Intern Med 169:2087\u20132094","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2504_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper C, Cole ZA, Holroyd CR, Earl SC, Harvey NC, Dennison EM, Melton LJ, Cummings SR, Kanis JA (2011) Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 22:1277\u20131288","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1601-6"},{"key":"2504_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie WD, Sadatsafavi M, Lix LM, Azimaee M, Morin S, Metge CJ, Caetano P (2011) Secular decreases in fracture rates 1986\u20132006 for Manitoba, Canada: a population-based analysis. Osteoporos Int 22:2137\u20132143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1470-4"},{"key":"2504_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams AL, Shi J, Takayanagi M, Dell RM, Funahashi TT, Jacobsen SJ (2013) Ten-year hip fracture incidence rate trends in a large California population, 1997\u20132006. Osteoporos Int 24:373\u2013376","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-1938-5"}],"container-title":["Osteoporosis International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T13:38:33Z","timestamp":1596634713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,9]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-013-2504-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-941X","1433-2965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-941X","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-2965","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,9]]}}}