{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T02:21:30Z","timestamp":1768443690268,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brown University Department of Orthopaedics"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Osteoporos Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T20:26:13Z","timestamp":1559161573000},"page":"1573-1580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A case-control pilot study of stress fracture in adolescent girls: the discriminative ability of two imaging technologies to classify at-risk athletes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"R. L.","family":"Duckham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. R.","family":"Bialo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Machan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kriz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9280-9143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"5001_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199510000-00004","volume":"5","author":"KL Bennell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Thomas SA, Ebeling PR, McCrory PR, Wark JD, Brukner PD (1995) Risk-factors for stress-fractures in female track and field athletes - a retrospective analysis. Clin J Sport Med 5:229\u2013235","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"5001_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31821f8634","volume":"43","author":"K Schnackenburg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schnackenburg K, MacDonald H, Ferber R (2011) Bone quality and muscle strength in female athletes with lower limb stress fractures. Med Sci Sports Exerc 43:2110\u20132119","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5001_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.34","volume":"165","author":"A Field","year":"2011","unstructured":"Field A, CM G, Pierce L, Ramappa A, Kocher MS (2011) Prospective study of physical activity and risk developing a stress fracture among preadolescent and adolescent females. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 165:723\u2013728","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"5001_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e399","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1868","volume":"115","author":"K Loud","year":"2005","unstructured":"Loud K, Gordon CM, Micheli LJ, Field AE (2005) Correlates of stress fractures among preadolescent and adolescent girls. Pediatrics 115:e399\u2013e406","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"5001_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400617","volume":"24","author":"KL Bennell","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Thomas SA, Reid SJ, Brukner PD, Ebeling PR, Wark D (1996) Risk factors for stress fractures in track and field athletes - a twelve-month prospective study. Am J Sports Med 24:810\u2013818","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"5001_CR6","first-page":"e001920","volume":"2","author":"RL Duckham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duckham RL, Peirce N, Meyer C, Summers G, Cameron N, Brooke-Wavell K (2012) Risk factors for stress fracture in female endurance athletes: a cross-sectional study. BMJ-online 2:e001920","journal-title":"BMJ-online"},{"key":"5001_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12453","volume":"25","author":"RL Duckham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duckham RL, Brooke-Wavell K, Summers GD, Cameron N, Peirce N (2015) Stress fracture injury in female endurance athletes in the United Kingdom: a 12-month prospective study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 25:854\u2013859","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"5001_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e318074e54b","volume":"39","author":"JL Kelsey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kelsey JL, Bachrach LK, Procter-Gray E, Nieves J, Greendale GA, Sowers M, Brown BW, Matheson KA, Crawford SL, Cobb KL (2007) Risk factors for stress fracture among young female cross-country runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:1457\u20131463","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5001_CR9","first-page":"S347","volume":"32","author":"A Nattiv","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nattiv A, Puffer JC, Casper J, Dorey F, Kabo JM, Hame S, Fulton K, Moore E, Finerman GA (2000) Stress fracture risk factors, incidence and distribution: a 3 year prospective study in collegiate runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32:S347","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5001_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000117116.90297.E1","volume":"36","author":"K Bennell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bennell K, Crossley K, Jayarajan J, Walton E, Warden S, Kiss ZS, Wrigley T (2004) Ground reaction forces and bone parameters in females with tibial stress fracture. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36:397\u2013404","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5001_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900493","volume":"63","author":"KL Bennell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Brukner PD, Green RM, Hopper JL, Wark JD, Ebeling PR (1998) A 12-month prospective study of the relationship between stress fractures and bone turnover in athletes. Calcif Tissue Int 63:80\u201385","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"5001_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-10-754","volume":"113","author":"KH Myburgh","year":"1990","unstructured":"Myburgh KH, Hutchins J, Fataar AB, Hough SF, Noakes TD (1990) Low bone density is an etiologic factor for stress-fractures in athletes. Ann Intern Med 113:754\u2013759","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"5001_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199908000-00002","volume":"31","author":"K Crossley","year":"1999","unstructured":"Crossley K, Bennell KL, Wrigley T, Oakes BW (1999) Ground reaction forces, bone characteristics, and tibial stress fracture in male runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 31:1088\u20131093","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5001_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90983-0","volume":"27","author":"S Grimston","year":"1994","unstructured":"Grimston S, Nigg B, Fisher V, Ajemian S (1994) External loads throughout a 45 minute run in stress fracture and non stress fracture runners. J Biomech 27:668","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"5001_CR15","first-page":"345","volume":"3","author":"SL Bass","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bass SL (2003) The structural adaptations of cortical bone to loading during different stages of maturation. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 3:345\u2013347","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"5001_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00026-4","volume":"20","author":"KL Bennell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Khan KM, Thomas SA, Reid SJ, Brukner PD, Ebeling PR, Wark JD (1997) Bone mass and bone turnover in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: a 12-month longitudinal study. Bone 20:477\u2013484","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5001_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-0913-2","volume":"21","author":"M Burrows","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burrows M, Liu D, McKay H (2010) High-resolution peripheral QCT imaging of bone micro-structure in adolescents. Osteopor Int 21:515\u2013520","journal-title":"Osteopor Int"},{"key":"5001_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3123","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1614","volume":"96","author":"KE Ackerman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ackerman KE, Nazem T, Chapko D (2011) Bone microarchitecture is impaired in adolscent amenorrheic athletes compared with eumenorrheic athletes and nonathletic controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:3123\u20133133","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"5001_CR19","first-page":"401","volume":"8","author":"SA Kontulainen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kontulainen SA, Johnston JD, Liu D, Leung C, Oxland TR, McKay H (2008) Strength indices from pQCT imaging predict up to 85% of variance in bone failure properties at tibial epiphysis and diaphysis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:401\u2013409","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"5001_CR20","first-page":"243","volume":"11","author":"T Rantalainen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rantalainen T, Nikander R, Heinonen A, Daly RM, Sievanen H (2011) An open source approach for regional cortical bone mineral density analysis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 11:243\u2013248","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"5001_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3748","volume":"98","author":"T Rantalainen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rantalainen T, Nikander R, Heinonen A, Cervinka T, Sievanen H, Daly R (2013) Differential effects of exerciseon tibial shaft marrow density in young female athletes. J Clin Endo Metab 98:2037\u20132044","journal-title":"J Clin Endo Metab"},{"key":"5001_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)30337-9","volume":"13","author":"CM Snow-Harter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Snow-Harter CM (1994) Bone health and prevention of osteoporosis in active and athletic women. Clin J Sports Med 13:389\u2013404","journal-title":"Clin J Sports Med"},{"key":"5001_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.06.032","volume":"50","author":"B Lecka-Czernik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lecka-Czernik B (2012) Marrow fat metabolism is linked to the systemic energy metabolism. Bone 50:534\u2013539","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5001_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.102","volume":"5","author":"M Kawai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kawai M, Devlin M, CJ R (2009) Fat targets for skeletal health. Nat Rev Rheumatol 5:365\u2013372","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"5001_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2532","volume":"94","author":"M Bredella","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bredella M, Fazeli P, Miller K, Misra M, Torriani M, Thomas B, Ghomi R, CJ R, Klibanski A (2009) Increased bone fat in anorexia nervosa. J Clin Endo Metab 94:2129\u20132136","journal-title":"J Clin Endo Metab"},{"key":"5001_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2012.02564.x","volume":"272","author":"M Kawai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kawai M, De Paula F, Rosen C (2012) New insights into osteoporosis: the bone-fat connection. J Intern Med 272:317\u2013329","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"5001_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090805","volume":"25","author":"K Ecklund","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ecklund K, Vajapeyam S, Feldman H, Buzney C, Mulkern R, Kleinman PK, CJ R, CM G (2010) Bone marrow changes in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. J Bone Miner Res 25:298\u2013304","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"5001_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0838.2003.20205.x","volume":"13","author":"M Therbo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Therbo M, Petersen MM, Nielsen PK, Lund B (2003) Loss of bone mineral of the hip and proximal tibia following rupture of the Achilles tendon. Scand J Med Sci Sports 13:194\u2013199","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"5001_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00028-8","volume":"20","author":"MM Petersen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Petersen MM, Gehrchen PM, Nielsen PK, Lund B (1997) Loss of bone mineral of the hip assessed by DEXA following tibial shaft fractures. Bone 20:491\u2013495","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Osteoporosis International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T03:54:04Z","timestamp":1608090844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["5001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05001-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-941X","1433-2965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-941X","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-2965","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained at Rhode Island Hospital. Written informed assent\/consent was obtained for all participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}