{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:50:29Z","timestamp":1793832629958,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5K25AG058804-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5K25AG058804-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG050656"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG050656"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 AG069414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 AG069414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG021332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG021332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich Domain","award":["2018-325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-325"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007154","name":"Wake Forest University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007154","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Osteoporos Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T11:55:39Z","timestamp":1768823739000},"page":"361-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of protein supplementation on hip bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in older adult participants during a caloric restriction and aerobic exercise weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-0106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley A.","family":"Weaver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn A.","family":"Greene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Lenchik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary F.","family":"Lyles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Nicklas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander M.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Helgason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Stapleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karan","family":"Devane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue A.","family":"Shapses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise K.","family":"Houston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"7845_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2564","volume":"30","author":"J Zibellini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zibellini J, Seimon RV, Lee CM, Gibson AA, Hsu MS, Shapses SA, Nguyen TV, Sainsbury A (2015) Does diet-induced weight loss lead to bone loss in overweight or obese adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. J Bone Miner Res 30:2168\u20132178","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.012809.104655","volume":"32","author":"SA Shapses","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shapses SA, Sukumar D (2012) Bone metabolism in obesity and weight loss. Annu Rev Nutr 32:287\u2013309","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.5.923","volume":"82","author":"DT Villareal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S, American Society for Nutrition, NAASO The Obesity Society (2005) Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, the Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr 82:923\u2013934","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2021.05.001","volume":"10","author":"J Mesinovic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mesinovic J, Jansons P, Zengin A, de Courten B, Rodriguez AJ, Daly RM, Ebeling PR, Scott D (2021) Exercise attenuates bone mineral density loss during diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci 10:550\u2013559","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"7845_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.263","volume":"19","author":"KL Villalon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Villalon KL, Gozansky WS, Van Pelt RE, Wolfe P, Jankowski CM, Schwartz RS, Kohrt WM (2011) A losing battle: weight regain does not restore weight loss-induced bone loss in postmenopausal women. Obesity 19:2345\u20132350","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"7845_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e3182a76fd5","volume":"21","author":"NL Von Thun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Von Thun NL, Sukumar D, Heymsfield SB, Shapses SA (2014) Does bone loss begin after weight loss ends? Results 2 years after weight loss or regain in postmenopausal women. Menopause 21:501\u2013508","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"7845_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3641","volume":"34","author":"ML Bouxsein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bouxsein ML, Eastell R, Lui LY et al (2019) Change in bone density and reduction in fracture risk: a meta-regression of published trials. J Bone Miner Res 34:632\u2013642","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1476","volume":"92","author":"ND Nguyen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nguyen ND, Eisman JA, Center JR, Nguyen TV (2007) Risk factors for fracture in nonosteoporotic men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:955\u2013962","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"7845_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1385\/JCD:8:1:031","volume":"8","author":"P Tothill","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tothill P (2005) Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements of total-body bone mineral during weight change. J Clin Densitom 8:31\u201338","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"7845_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2015.06.012","volume":"18","author":"K Engelke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Engelke K, Lang T, Khosla S, Qin L, Zysset P, Leslie WD, Shepherd JA, Schousboe JT (2015) Clinical use of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) of the hip in the management of osteoporosis in adults: the 2015 ISCD official positions-part I. J Clin Densitom 18:338\u2013358","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"7845_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116219","volume":"154","author":"I Fleps","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fleps I, Palsson H, Baker A et al (2022) Finite element derived femoral strength is a better predictor of hip fracture risk than aBMD in the AGES Reykjavik study cohort. Bone 154:116219","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"7845_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmz058","volume":"10","author":"CS Wright","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wright CS, Li J, Campbell WW (2019) Effects of dietary protein quantity on bone quantity following weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 10:1089\u20131107","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.6.1096","volume":"138","author":"MP Thorpe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thorpe MP, Jacobson EH, Layman DK, He X, Kris-Etherton PM, Evans EM (2008) A diet high in protein, dairy, and calcium attenuates bone loss over twelve months of weight loss and maintenance relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate diet in adults. J Nutr 138:1096\u20131100","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.318","volume":"26","author":"D Sukumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sukumar D, Ambia-Sobhan H, Zurfluh R, Schlussel Y, Stahl TJ, Gordon CL, Shapses SA (2011) Areal and volumetric bone mineral density and geometry at two levels of protein intake during caloric restriction: a randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res 26:1339\u20131348","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.05.021","volume":"14","author":"J Bauer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T et al (2013) Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE study group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 14:542\u2013559","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"7845_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2017.1322924","volume":"36","author":"TC Wallace","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wallace TC, Frankenfeld CL (2017) Dietary protein intake above the current RDA and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Nutr 36:481\u2013496","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S102","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee","volume":"129","author":"MD Jensen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM et al (2014) 2013 AHA\/ACC\/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation 129:S102-138","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7845_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1949.sp004363","volume":"109","author":"JB Weir","year":"1949","unstructured":"Weir JB (1949) New methods for calculating metabolic rate with special reference to protein metabolism. J Physiol 109:1\u20139","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"7845_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.5.923","volume":"82","author":"DT Villareal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S, American Society for N, Naaso TOS (2005) Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr 82:923\u2013934","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2008.01.006","volume":"9","author":"CW Bales","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bales CW, Buhr G (2008) Is obesity bad for older persons? A systematic review of the pros and cons of weight reduction in later life. J Am Med Dir Assoc 9:302\u2013312","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"7845_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr002","volume":"97","author":"TS Han","year":"2011","unstructured":"Han TS, Tajar A, Lean ME (2011) Obesity and weight management in the elderly. Br Med Bull 97:169\u2013196","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"7845_CR22","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (2016) Dinner: Percentages of Selected Nutrients Contributed by Food and Beverages Consumed at Dinner, by Male\/Female and  Age, What We Eat in America, NHANES 2013-2014. https:\/\/www.ars.usda.gov\/Services\/docs.htm?docid=18349.\u00a0 Accessed 5 May 2017"},{"key":"7845_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.185280","volume":"144","author":"MM Mamerow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mamerow MM, Mettler JA, English KL, Casperson SL, Arentson-Lantz E, Sheffield-Moore M, Layman DK, Paddon-Jones D (2014) Dietary protein distribution positively influences 24-h muscle protein synthesis in healthy adults. J Nutr 144:876\u2013880","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR24","first-page":"5","volume":"17","author":"D Paddon-Jones","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paddon-Jones D, Leidy H (2014) Dietary protein and muscle in older persons. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 17:5\u201311","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"7845_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.084053","author":"DK Layman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Layman DK, Anthony TG, Rasmussen BB, Adams SH, Lynch CJ, Brinkworth GD, Davis TA (2015) Defining meal requirements for protein to optimize metabolic roles of amino acids. Am J Clin Nutr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.114.084053","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"7845_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921s","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.3.921S","volume":"133","author":"SA Bingham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bingham SA (2003) Urine nitrogen as a biomarker for the validation of dietary protein intake. J Nutr 133(Suppl 3):921s\u2013924s","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0820-y","volume":"20","author":"BC Khoo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khoo BC, Brown K, Cann C, Zhu K, Henzell S, Low V, Gustafsson S, Price RI, Prince RL (2009) Comparison of QCT-derived and DXA-derived areal bone mineral density and T scores. Osteoporos Int 20:1539\u20131545","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"7845_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2014.11.012","volume":"20","author":"GM Treece","year":"2015","unstructured":"Treece GM, Gee AH (2015) Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical CT. Med Image Anal 20:249\u2013264","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"7845_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2552","volume":"30","author":"GM Treece","year":"2015","unstructured":"Treece GM, Gee AH, Tonkin C, Ewing SK, Cawthon PM, Black DM, Poole KE, Osteoporotic Fractures in Men S (2015) Predicting hip fracture type with cortical bone mapping (CBM) in the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) study. J Bone Miner Res 30:2067\u20132077","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.10.033","volume":"78","author":"WS Enns-Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Enns-Bray WS, Bahaloo H, Fleps I, Ariza O, Gilchrist S, Widmer R, Guy P, P\u00e1lsson H, Ferguson SJ, Cripton PA (2018) Material mapping strategy to improve the predicted response of the proximal femur to a sideways fall impact. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 78:196\u2013205","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"7845_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820281111","volume":"28","author":"JH Keyak","year":"1994","unstructured":"Keyak JH, Lee IY, Skinner HB (1994) Correlations between orthogonal mechanical properties and density of trabecular bone: use of different densitometric measures. J Biomed Mater Res 28:1329\u20131336","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"7845_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.09.009","volume":"41","author":"E Schileo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schileo E, Taddei F, Cristofolini L, Viceconti M (2008) Subject-specific finite element models implementing a maximum principal strain criterion are able to estimate failure risk and fracture location on human femurs tested in vitro. J Biomech 41:356\u2013367","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"7845_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00071-X","volume":"36","author":"EF Morgan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Morgan EF, Bayraktar HH, Keaveny TM (2003) Trabecular bone modulus-density relationships depend on anatomic site. J Biomech 36:897\u2013904","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"7845_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2007.05.006","volume":"30","author":"B Helgason","year":"2008","unstructured":"Helgason B, Taddei F, P\u00e1lsson H, Schileo E, Cristofolini L, Viceconti M, Brynj\u00f3lfsson S (2008) A modified method for assigning material properties to FE models of bones. Med Eng Phys 30:444\u2013453","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"7845_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2016.03.006","volume":"38","author":"B Helgason","year":"2016","unstructured":"Helgason B, Gilchrist S, Ariza O et al (2016) The influence of the modulus-density relationship and the material mapping method on the simulated mechanical response of the proximal femur in side-ways fall loading configuration. Med Eng Phys 38:679\u2013689","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"7845_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3804","volume":"34","author":"I Fleps","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fleps I, Guy P, Ferguson SJ, Cripton PA, Helgason B (2019) Explicit finite element models accurately predict subject-specific and velocity-dependent kinetics of sideways fall impact. J Bone Miner Res 34:1837\u20131850","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.11.042","volume":"48","author":"O Ariza","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ariza O, Gilchrist S, Widmer R, Guy P, Ferguson S, Cripton P, Helgason B (2015) Comparison of explicit finite element and mechanical simulation of the proximal femur during dynamic drop-tower testing. J Biomech 48:224\u2013232","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"7845_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.06.040","volume":"47","author":"S Gilchrist","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gilchrist S, Nishiyama KK, de Bakker P, Guy P, Boyd SK, Oxland T, Cripton PA (2014) Proximal femur elastic behaviour is the same in impact and constant displacement rate fall simulation. J Biomech 47:3744\u20133749","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"7845_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.05.004","volume":"125","author":"I Fleps","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fleps I, Fung A, Guy P, Ferguson SJ, Helgason B, Cripton PA (2019) Subject-specific ex vivo simulations for hip fracture risk assessment in sideways falls. Bone 125:36\u201345","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"7845_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3555","volume":"33","author":"KM Beavers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beavers KM, Walkup MP, Weaver AA et al (2018) Effect of exercise modality during weight loss on bone health in older adults with obesity and cardiovascular disease or metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res 33:2140\u20132149","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shams-White MM, Chung M, Du M et al (2017) Dietary protein and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Am J Clin Nutr 105(6):1528\u20131543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.116.145110","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.145110"},{"key":"7845_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M644","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.10.M644","volume":"56","author":"EM Simonsick","year":"2001","unstructured":"Simonsick EM, Newman AB, Nevitt MC, Kritchevsky SB, Ferrucci L, Guralnik JM, Harris T, Health ABCSG (2001) Measuring higher level physical function in well-functioning older adults: expanding familiar approaches in the Health ABC study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 56:M644-649","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"7845_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200107000-00010","volume":"33","author":"AL Stewart","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stewart AL, Mills KM, King AC, Haskell WL, Gillis D, Ritter PL (2001) Champs physical activity questionnaire for older adults: outcomes for interventions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:1126\u20131141","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"7845_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070309","volume":"22","author":"ML Bouxsein","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bouxsein ML, Szulc P, Munoz F, Thrall E, Sornay-Rendu E, Delmas PD (2007) Contribution of trochanteric soft tissues to fall force estimates, the factor of risk, and prediction of hip fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res 22:825\u2013831","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"7845_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1739620","volume":"61","author":"H Yarizadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yarizadeh H, Asadi S, Baharlooi H, Setayesh L, Kakavandi NR, Hambly C, Djafarian K, Mirzaei K (2021) Beneficial impact of exercise on bone mass in individuals under calorie restriction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 61:553\u2013565","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"7845_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-009-9232-z","volume":"84","author":"NE Silverman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Silverman NE, Nicklas BJ, Ryan AS (2009) Addition of aerobic exercise to a weight loss program increases BMD, with an associated reduction in inflammation in overweight postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int 84:257\u2013265","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"7845_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.08.025","volume":"35","author":"JR Franz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Franz JR, Kram R (2012) The effects of grade and speed on leg muscle activations during walking. Gait Posture 35:143\u2013147","journal-title":"Gait Posture"}],"container-title":["Osteoporosis International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:06:53Z","timestamp":1772582813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["7845"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-026-07845-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-941X","1433-2965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-941X","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-2965","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants provided written informed consent and completed a HIPAA authorization form in accordance with our Institutional Review Board protocol (IRB000389668).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"NCT03819478 (date of registration: 03\/05\/2017); NCT03074643 (date of registration: 03\/05\/2017).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial registration"}}]}}