{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T05:32:53Z","timestamp":1792992773956,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology","award":["YZ2023H1B003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2023H1B003"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00q9atg80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T06:28:42Z","timestamp":1786084122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction of a subunit vaccine based on Mycobacterium tuberculosis EsxE and evaluation of its immunogenicity and ex vivo mycobacterial growth inhibitory activity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Runlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiangsen","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"5076_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.08.001","volume":"42","author":"Chinese Antituberculosis Association, Schools and Children Branch of the Chinese Antituberculosis Association","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chinese Antituberculosis Association, Schools and Children Branch of the Chinese Antituberculosis Association (2020) Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis. Expert consensus of clinical application of the recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC). Chin J Antituberculosis 42(8):761\u2013768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.08.001","journal-title":"Chin J Antituberculosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5076_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010078","volume":"10","author":"AR Franco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Franco AR, Peri F (2021) Developing new anti-tuberculosis vaccines: focus on adjuvants. Cells 10(1):78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10010078","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"5","key":"5076_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.5.2070-2074.2005","volume":"43","author":"PC Hill","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hill PC et al (2005) ESAT-6\/CFP-10 fusion protein and peptides for optimal diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by ex vivo enzyme-linked immunospot assay in the Gambia. J Clin Microbiol 43(5):2070\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.43.5.2070-2074.2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"5076_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ji Z et al (2089) Immunogenicity and safety of the M72\/AS01 candidate vaccine against tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Front Immunol\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02089E","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02089E"},{"key":"5076_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-66703-0_43","volume-title":"Essential Tuberculosis","author":"SHE Kaufmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaufmann SHE (2021) The Tuberculosis Vaccine Development Pipeline: Present and Future Priorities and Challenges for Research and Innovation. In: Migliori GB, Raviglione MC (eds) Essential Tuberculosis. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-66703-0_43"},{"key":"5076_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.750068","author":"I Linge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Linge I et al (2022) Pleiotropic effect of IL-6 produced by B-Lymphocytes during early phases of adaptive immune responses against TB infection. Front Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.750068","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5076_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1141159","author":"X Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu X et al (2016) A multistage mycobacterium tuberculosis subunit vaccine LT70 including latency antigen Rv2626c induces long-term protection against tuberculosis. Hum vaccines immunotherapeutics https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2016.1141159","journal-title":"Hum vaccines immunotherapeutics"},{"key":"5076_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00319","author":"SJ McSorley","year":"2014","unstructured":"McSorley SJ (2014) The role of non-cognate T Cell stimulation during intracellular bacterial infection. Front Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00319","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5076_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.31.3.1152-1160.1981","volume":"31","author":"S Nagai","year":"1981","unstructured":"Nagai S et al (1981) Specific skin-reactive protein from culture filtrate of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Infect Immun vol 31(3):1152\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.31.3.1152-1160.1981","journal-title":"Infect Immun vol"},{"key":"5076_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00180","volume":"5","author":"T Prezzemolo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prezzemolo T, Guggino G, La Manna MP, Di Liberto D, Dieli F, Caccamo N (2014) Functional Signatures of Human CD4 and CD8 T Cell Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. Journa 5:180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00180","journal-title":"Journa"},{"issue":"12","key":"5076_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5284","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.2007711","volume":"17","author":"M Qu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qu M et al (2021) BCG vaccination strategies against tuberculosis: updates and perspectives. Hum vaccines immunotherapeutics vol 17(12):5284\u20135295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2021.2007711","journal-title":"Hum vaccines immunotherapeutics vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5076_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-65061-y","volume":"16","author":"R Ravindran Nair","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ravindran Nair R et al (2025) Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein secretion by ESX-4 and the outer membrane EsxUT-EsxEF complex. Nat Commun 16(1):10228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-65061-y","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"5076_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00100-19","author":"B Sable","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sable, Suraj B et al (2019) Tuberculosis vaccine development: progress in clinical evaluation. Clin Microbiol Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00100-19","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"5076_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20533-1","volume":"12","author":"U Tak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tak U et al (2021) Pore-forming Esx proteins mediate toxin secretion by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Commun 12(1):394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-20533-1","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"9871","key":"5076_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60177-4","volume":"381","author":"MD Tameris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tameris MD et al (2013) Safety and efficacy of MVA85A, a new tuberculosis vaccine, in infants previously vaccinated with BCG: a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial. Lancet (London, England) 381(9871):1021\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60177-4","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"5076_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.03.026","author":"S Tiberi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tiberi S et al (2022) Drug resistant TB - latest developments in epidemiology, diagnostics and management. Int J Infectious Diseases. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.03.026","journal-title":"Int J Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"5076_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03619-z","volume":"20","author":"H Wei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wei H et al (2021) Characterization of \u03b3\u03b4T cells in lung of Plasmodium yoelii-infected C57BL\/6 mice. Malar J 20(1):89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-021-03619-z","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5076_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00226","author":"ZH Xiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xiang ZH, Sun RF, Lin C, Chen FZ, Mai JT, Liu YX et al (2017) Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a fusion protein tuberculosis vaccine combining five esx family proteins. Journa. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00226","journal-title":"Journa"},{"issue":"5","key":"5076_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00669-w","volume":"18","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R et al (2021) Manganese salts function as potent adjuvants. Cell Mol Immunol vol 18(5):1222\u20131234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-021-00669-w","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol vol"},{"key":"5076_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1238586","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y et al (2023) Advances in protein subunit vaccines against tuberculosis. Front Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1238586","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5076_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-026-04733-9","volume":"208","author":"M Zhou","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhou M, Xu L, Wang X et al (2026) Comparison of long-term and short-term immunogenicity based on two different types of tuberculosis subunit vaccines. Arch Microbiol 208:187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00203-026-04733-9","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T04:36:14Z","timestamp":1792989374000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00203-026-05076-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-8933","1432-072X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-8933","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-072X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Volunteers participating in this experiment have given the informed consent to participate in this study, approved by the Committee of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology. The animal experiment has been approved by the Animal Laboratory Committee of Anhui University of Science and Technology (No. GZ2024-053). Animal care complied with the institutional guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"546"}}