{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:23:57Z","timestamp":1792653837617,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497484800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["471013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["471013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14110714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14110714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4054302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4054302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3132968"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3132968"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T08:22:20Z","timestamp":1497514940000},"page":"3913-3925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["First evidence of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxide-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in humans"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Mengbi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Pi-Cheng","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2013_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-015-1456-2","volume":"89","author":"ES Bj\u00f6rnsson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnsson ES (2015) Drug-induced liver injury: an overview over the most critical compounds. Arch Toxicol 89:327\u2013334","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"2013_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2014.964337","volume":"31","author":"D Bodi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bodi D, Ronczka S, Gottschalk C et al (2014) Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs and honey. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 31:1886\u20131895","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess"},{"key":"2013_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.1079","volume":"19","author":"Y Cao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cao Y, Colegate SM, Edgar JA (2008) Safety assessment of food and herbal products containing hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids: interlaboratory consistency and the importance of N-oxide determination. Phytochem Anal 19:526\u2013533","journal-title":"Phytochem Anal"},{"key":"2013_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(03)00293-5","volume":"145","author":"MW Chou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chou MW, Wang YP, Yan J et al (2003) Riddelliine N-oxide is a phytochemical and mammalian metabolite with genotoxic activity that is comparable to the parent pyrrolizidine alkaloid riddelliine. Toxicol Lett 145:239\u2013247","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2013_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02072033","volume":"67","author":"PS Chu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Chu PS, Lam\u00e9 MW, Segall HJ (1993) In vivo metabolism of retrorsine and retrorsine-N-oxide. Arch Toxicol 67:39\u201343","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"2013_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i10.1628","volume":"13","author":"N Dai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dai N, Yu Y-C, Ren T-H et al (2007) Gynura root induces hepatic veno-occlusive disease: a case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 13:1628\u20131631","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2013_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/197207a0","volume":"197","author":"AT Dick","year":"1963","unstructured":"Dick AT, Dann A, Bull L, Culvenok C (1963) Vitamin B12 and the detoxification of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in rumen liquor. Nature 197:207\u2013208","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2013_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1021\/tx500403t","volume":"28","author":"JA Edgar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Edgar JA, Molyneux RJ, Colegate SM (2015) Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: potential role in the etiology of cancers, pulmonary hypertension, congenital anomalies, and liver disease. Chem Res Toxicol 28:4\u201320","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"2013_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2014.10.002","volume":"4","author":"CQ Fan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fan CQ, Crawford JM (2014) Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (hepatic veno-occlusive disease). J Clin Exp Hepatol 4:332\u2013346","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"2013_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.02.001","volume":"97","author":"RA Field","year":"2015","unstructured":"Field RA, Stegelmeier BL, Colegate SM, Brown AW, Green BT (2015) An in vitro comparison of the cytotoxic potential of selected dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids and some N-oxides. Toxicon 97:36\u201345","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"2013_CR11","first-page":"198","volume":"10","author":"PP Fu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fu PP, Yang Y-C, Xia Q, Chou MW, Cui YY, Lin G (2002) Pyrrolizidine alkaloids\u2014tumorigenic components in Chinese herbal medicines and dietary supplements. J Food Drug Anal 10:198\u2013211","journal-title":"J Food Drug Anal"},{"key":"2013_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"36","author":"PP Fu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fu PP, Xia Q, Lin G, Chou MW (2004) Pyrrolizidine alkaloids\u2013genotoxicity, metabolism enzymes, metabolic activation, and mechanisms. Drug Metab Rev 36:1\u201355","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"2013_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2011.00552.x","volume":"13","author":"H Gao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gao H, Li N, Wang JY, Zhang SC, Lin G (2012) Definitive diagnosis of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Dig Dis 13:33\u201339","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"key":"2013_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4861","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S87858","volume":"9","author":"H Gao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gao H, Ruan JQ, Chen J et al (2015) Blood pyrrole-protein adducts as a diagnostic and prognostic index in pyrrolizidine alkaloid-hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Drug Des Devel Ther 9:4861\u20134868","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"2013_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02742.x","volume":"23","author":"A Helmy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Helmy A (2006) Review article: updates in the pathogenesis and therapy of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 23:11\u201325","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2013_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313280","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/313280","volume":"2010","author":"F Kakar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kakar F, Akbarian Z, Leslie T et al (2010) An outbreak of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in Western afghanistan associated with exposure to wheat flour contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Toxicol 2010:313280","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"key":"2013_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200900529","volume":"54","author":"M Kempf","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kempf M, Reinhard A, Beuerle T (2010) Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in honey and pollen-legal regulation of PA levels in food and animal feed required. Mol Nutr Food Res 54:158\u2013168","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"2013_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3398","volume":"22","author":"SL Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li SL, Lin G, Fu PP et al (2008) Identification of five hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Herba Senecionis scandentis (Qianliguang). Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:591\u2013602","journal-title":"Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"2013_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0231(19981030)12:20<1445::AID-RCM356>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"12","author":"G Lin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lin G, Zhou KY, Zhao XG et al (1998) Determination of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids by on-line high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with an electrospray interface. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 12:1445\u20131456","journal-title":"Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"2013_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1021\/np9906119","volume":"63","author":"G Lin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lin G, Rose P, Chatson KB, Hawes EM, Zhao XG, Wang ZT (2000) Characterization of two structural forms of otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Ligularia hodgsonii by NMR spectroscopy. J Nat Prod 63:857\u2013860","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"2013_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1185468","volume":"75","author":"G Lin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lin G, Li SL, Li M et al (2009) Qianliguang (Senecio scandens) safety dilemma: dose is the key? Planta Med 75:1107\u20131111","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"2013_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.07.031","volume":"54","author":"G Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin G, Wang JY, Li N et al (2011) Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome associated with consumption of Gynura segetum. J Hepatol 54:666\u2013673","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2013_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257109041509","volume":"1","author":"AR Mattocks","year":"1971","unstructured":"Mattocks AR (1971a) The occurrence and analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides. Xenobiotica 1(4):451\u2013453","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"2013_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257109041530","volume":"1","author":"AR Mattocks","year":"1971","unstructured":"Mattocks AR (1971b) Hepatotoxic effects due to pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides. Xenobiotica 1:563\u2013565","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"2013_CR25","volume-title":"Chemistry and toxicology of pyrrolizidine alkaloids","author":"AR Mattocks","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mattocks AR (1986) Chemistry and toxicology of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Academic Press, London"},{"key":"2013_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(83)90096-0","volume":"43","author":"AR Mattocks","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mattocks AR, Bird I (1983) Pyrrolic and N-oxide metabolites formed from pyrrolizidine alkaloids by hepatic microsomes in vitro: relevance to in vivo hepatotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact 43:209\u2013222","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"2013_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2010.547519","volume":"28","author":"R Molyneux","year":"2011","unstructured":"Molyneux R, Gardner D, Colegate S, Edgar J (2011) Pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity in livestock: a paradigm for human poisoning? Food Addit Contam Part A 28:293\u2013307","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part A"},{"key":"2013_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27317","volume":"60","author":"VJ Navarro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Navarro VJ, Barnhart H, Bonkovsky HL et al (2014) Liver injury from herbals and dietary supplements in the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Hepatology 60:1399\u20131408","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2013_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.07.039","volume":"60","author":"O Robinson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robinson O, Want E, Coen M et al (2013) Hirmi valley liver disease: a disease associated with exposure to pyrrolizidine alkaloids and DDT. J Hepatol 60:96\u2013102","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2013_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.2969","volume":"47","author":"J Ruan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ruan J, Li N, Xia Q, Fu PP, Peng S, Ye Y, Lin G (2012) Characteristic ion clusters as determinants for the identification of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides in pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing natural products using HPLC\u2013MS analysis. J Mass Spectrom 47:331\u2013337","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"2013_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1021\/tx500071q","volume":"27","author":"J Ruan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ruan J, Yang M, Fu P, Ye Y, Lin G (2014) Metabolic activation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids: insights into the structural and enzymatic basis. Chem Res Toxicol 27:1030\u20131039","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2013_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1080\/10590501.2015.1096882","volume":"33","author":"J Ruan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ruan J, Gao H, Li N et al (2015) Blood pyrrole-protein adducts\u2014a biomarker of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced liver injury in humans. J Environ Sci Health C 33(4):404\u2013421","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2013_CR33","first-page":"47","volume":"50","author":"J Schneider","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schneider J, Tsegaye Y, W\/Tensae M\u00a0et al (2012) Veno-occlusive liver disease: a case report. Ethiop Med J 50(Suppl 2):47\u201351","journal-title":"Ethiop Med J"},{"key":"2013_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1021\/np50014a001","volume":"44","author":"LW Smith","year":"1981","unstructured":"Smith LW, Culvenor CC (1981) Plant sources of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Nat Prod 44:129\u2013152","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"2013_CR35","first-page":"015","volume":"5","author":"Y Song","year":"2011","unstructured":"Song Y, Fan YH (2011) Clinical features of hepatic veno-occlusive disease induced by gynura root: analysis of 102 cases. Lin Chuang Gan Dan Bing Za Zhi 5:015","journal-title":"Lin Chuang Gan Dan Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"2013_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-015-1471-3","volume":"89","author":"F Stickel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stickel F, Shouval D (2015) Hepatotoxicity of herbal and dietary supplements: an update. Arch Toxicol 89:851\u2013865","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"2013_CR37","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration (2005) Guidance for industry: estimating the maximum safe starting dose in initial clinical trials for therapeutics in adult healthy volunteers. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)"},{"key":"2013_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2004.11.010","volume":"155","author":"YP Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang YP, Yan J, Fu PP, Chou MW (2005) Human liver microsomal reduction of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides to form the corresponding carcinogenic parent alkaloid. Toxicol Lett 155:411\u2013420","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2013_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e942","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000942","volume":"94","author":"X Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang X, Qi X, Guo X (2015) Tusanqi-related sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in China: a systematic review of the literatures. Medicine 94:e942","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2013_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07643-3","volume":"17","author":"D Williams","year":"1989","unstructured":"Williams D, Reed R, Kedzierski B, Dannan G, Guengerich F, Buhler D (1989) Bioactivation and detoxication of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine by cytochrome P-450 enzymes in rat liver. Drug Metab Dispos 17(4):387\u2013392","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"2013_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.1314","volume":"22","author":"MT Williams","year":"2011","unstructured":"Williams MT, Warnock BJ, Betz JM et al (2011) Detection of high levels of pyrrolizidine-N-oxides in the endangered plant Cryptantha crassipes (Terlingua Creek Cat\u2019s-eye) using HPLC-ESI-MS. Phytochem Anal 22:532\u2013540","journal-title":"Phytochem Anal"},{"issue":"5069","key":"2013_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)00020-4","volume":"196","author":"F Willmot","year":"1920","unstructured":"Willmot F, Robertson G (1920) Senecio disease, or cirrhosis of the liver due to Senecio poisoning. Lancet 196(5069):848\u2013849","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2013_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.09.011","volume":"243","author":"M Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang M, Ruan J, Fu PP, Lin G (2016) Cytotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloid in human hepatic parenchymal and sinusoidal endothelial cells: firm evidence for the reactive metabolites mediated pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact 243:119\u2013126","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"2013_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.11.093","volume":"194","author":"L Zhu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhu L, Ruan J, Li N, Fu PP, Ye Y, Lin G (2016) A novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry method for rapid estimation of total toxic retronecine-type of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in herbs without requiring corresponding standards. Food Chem 194:1320\u20131328","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2013_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1713-z","volume":"91","author":"L Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu L, Xue J, Xia Q, Fu PP, Lin G (2017) The long persistence of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-derived DNA adducts in vivo: kinetic study following single and multiple exposures in male ICR mice. Arch Toxicol 91:949\u2013965","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T16:53:58Z","timestamp":1750352038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2013-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5761","1432-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5761","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]}}}