{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:26:29Z","timestamp":1787509589975,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001775","name":"University of Technology Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Respiratory diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, encompassing a wide array of illnesses. Among these diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and pathogenic infections, the immune system plays a significant role in whole-body pathophysiology. These occurrences have been recognised to affect the ocular system, bringing about the novel idea of the lung\u2013eye axis with emerging literature highlighting the fundamental connection of exacerbation between systems. Prior literature has recognised axial activity across systems, the gut and eye, where gut microbiota has an indicated correlation with the ocular environment. In addition, crosstalk has been hypothesized in a brain\u2013lung axis via neurological anatomy, immune mechanisms and microbial pathways. Such cascades offer foundation for the lung\u2013eye axis, supporting the potential for a correlative relationship between the ocular and respiratory system through anatomical, mucosal and inflammatory crosstalk. Although in its infancy, the interconnection between ocular and respiratory systems has been considered in the development of chronic diseases. Amid chronic diseases, COPD, OSA and glaucoma exhibit underlying mechanisms, incorporating hypoxia, oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction, postulating dual system pathophysiology. Finally, potential biomarkers are proposed following pathophysiological mechanism exploration, with an advocation for longitudinal studies in future. The current review proposes a novel axis in the field of lung diseases and aims to provide significant insights for respiratory and ocular clinicians, in addition to translational researchers, paving a new path for understanding systemic disease and treatment modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T15:39:56Z","timestamp":1753630796000},"page":"4295-4318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Functional crosstalk between the lung and eye: a new frontier in chronic lung diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Hannah Taylor","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hudson C.","family":"Taylor-Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh Kumar","family":"Chellappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"De Rubis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keshav Raj","family":"Paudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian G.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Dua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2771-9988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stewart","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2020.101963","volume":"124","author":"A Abdisamadov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdisamadov A, Tursunov O (2020) Ocular tuberculosis epidemiology, clinic features and diagnosis: a brief review. Tuberculosis 124:101963","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftz045","volume":"77","author":"S Abhishek","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abhishek S, Ryndak MB, Choudhary A, Sharma S, Gupta A, Gupta V, Singh N, Laal S, Verma I (2019) Transcriptional signatures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mouse model of intraocular tuberculosis. Pathog Dis 77(5):ftz045","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20200394","volume":"134","author":"M Adner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adner M, Canning BJ, Meurs H, Ford W, Ramos Ram\u00edrez P, van den Berg MPM, Birrell MA, Stoffels E, Lundblad LKA, Nilsson GP, Olsson HK, Belvisi MG, Dahl\u00e9n S-E (2020) Back to the future: re-establishing guinea pig in vivo asthma models. Clin Sci 134(11):1219\u20131242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/cs20200394","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037483","volume":"7","author":"A Agust\u00ed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agust\u00ed A, Edwards LD, Rennard SI, MacNee W, Tal-Singer R, Miller BE, Vestbo J, Lomas DA, Calverley PM, Wouters E (2012) Persistent systemic inflammation is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD: a novel phenotype. PLoS ONE 7(5):e37483","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000219","volume":"26","author":"M Akhtar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akhtar M, Haider A, Rashid S, Al-Nabet ADM (2019) Paget\u2019s \u201cseed and soil\u201d theory of cancer metastasis: an idea whose time has come. Adv Anat Pathol 26(1):69\u201374","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"4136_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.122730","author":"VSRR Allam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Allam VSRR, Patel VK, De Rubis G, Paudel KR, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Hansbro PM, Oliver BGG, Dua K (2024) Exploring the role of the ocular surface in the lung-eye axis: insights into respiratory disease pathogenesis. Life Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.122730","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"4136_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2023.04.007","volume":"29","author":"M Alves","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alves M, Asbell P, Dogru M, Giannaccare G, Grau A, Gregory D, Kim DH, Marini MC, Ngo W, Nowinska A (2023) TFOS lifestyle report: impact of environmental conditions on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 29:1\u201352","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2021.03.010","volume":"66","author":"P Aragona","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aragona P, Baudouin C, Del Castillo JMB, Messmer E, Barabino S, Merayo-Lloves J, Brignole-Baudouin F, Inferrera L, Rolando M, Mencucci R (2021) The ocular microbiome and microbiota and their effects on ocular surface pathophysiology and disorders. Surv Ophthalmol 66(6):907\u2013925","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2008.08.002","volume":"51","author":"A Atkeson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Atkeson A, Yeh SY, Malhotra A, Jelic S (2009) Endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 51(5):351\u2013362","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"4136_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11123379","author":"J Baj","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baj J, Forma A, Teresinska B, Tyczynska M, Zembala J, Januszewski J, Flieger J, Buszewicz G, Teresinski G (2022) How does SARS-CoV-2 affect our eyes-what have we learnt so far about the ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19? J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11123379","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR11","first-page":"21","volume":"52","author":"C Barbu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barbu C, Iordache M, Man M (2011) Inflammation in COPD: pathogenesis, local and systemic effects. Rom J Morphol Embryol 52(1):21\u201327","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"4136_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-2618-2-27","volume":"2","author":"CM Bassis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bassis CM, Tang AL, Young VB, Pynnonen MA (2014) The nasal cavity microbiota of healthy adults. Microbiome 2:1\u20135","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"4136_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2020.101961","volume":"124","author":"S Basu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Basu S, Elkington P, Rao NA (2020) Pathogenesis of ocular tuberculosis: new observations and future directions. Tuberculosis 124:101961","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-006-0132-z","volume":"56","author":"AV Bazhin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bazhin AV, Schadendorf D, Philippov PP, Eichm\u00fcller SB (2007) Recoverin as a cancer-retina antigen. Cancer Immunol Immunother 56(1):110\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-006-0132-z","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"issue":"19","key":"4136_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10117","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05101-11","volume":"85","author":"JA Belser","year":"2011","unstructured":"Belser JA, Zeng H, Katz JM, Tumpey TM (2011) Ocular tropism of influenza A viruses: identification of H7 subtype-specific host responses in human respiratory and ocular cells. J Virol 85(19):10117\u201310125","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00058-12","volume":"77","author":"JA Belser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Belser JA, Rota PA, Tumpey TM (2013) Ocular tropism of respiratory viruses. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 77(1):144\u2013156","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"4136_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111002","author":"AA Bhat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bhat AA, Afzal M, Goyal A, Gupta G, Thapa R, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Shahwan M, Paudel KR, Ali H (2024) The impact of formaldehyde exposure on lung inflammatory disorders: insights into asthma, bronchitis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Chem Biol Interact. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111002","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir238","volume":"204","author":"WE Bischoff","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bischoff WE, Reid T, Russell GB, Peters TR (2011) Transocular entry of seasonal influenza\u2013attenuated virus aerosols and the efficacy of N95 respirators, surgical masks, and eye protection in humans. J Infect Dis 204(2):193\u2013199","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.3390\/life12050638","volume":"12","author":"I Boccuni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boccuni I, Fairless R (2022) Retinal glutamate neurotransmission: from physiology to pathophysiological mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Life 12(5):638","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"4136_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-01025-3","volume":"10","author":"O Byambasuren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Byambasuren O, Beller E, Clark J, Collignon P, Glasziou P (2021) The effect of eye protection on SARS-CoV-2 transmission: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 10:1\u20137","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"17","key":"4136_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13338","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713338","volume":"24","author":"LIM Campagnoli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Campagnoli LIM, Varesi A, Barbieri A, Marchesi N, Pascale A (2023) Targeting the gut\u2013eye axis: an emerging strategy to face ocular diseases. Int J Mol Sci 24(17):13338","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"4136_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139609055728","volume":"25","author":"RM Carr","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carr RM, Lolachi CM, Albaran RG, Ridley DM, Montgomery PC, O\u2019sullivan NL (1996) Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue is an inductive site for rat tear IgA antibody responses. Immunol Invest 25(5\u20136):387\u2013396","journal-title":"Immunol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.661","volume":"117","author":"N Chang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chang N, Foss T, Chang T, Chang K, Barrett M, Carney J, Nguyen H (2006) Nasolacrimal reflux-a new clinical finding. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117(2):S166","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"4136_CR24","volume-title":"Anatomy, head and neck: internal carotid arteries","author":"M Charlick","year":"2025","unstructured":"Charlick M, Das JM (2025) Anatomy, head and neck: internal carotid arteries. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31822e8c65","volume":"22","author":"H-Y Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen H-Y, Chang Y-C, Chen W-C, Lane H-Y (2013) Association between plasma endothelin-1 and severity of different types of glaucoma. J Glaucoma 22(2):117\u2013122","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"4136_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589843","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1589843","volume":"16","author":"J Cheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cheng J, Wang H (2025) Lung microbiome alterations correlate with immune imbalance in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 16:1589843","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00347-09","volume":"17","author":"AA Chentoufi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chentoufi AA, Dasgupta G, Nesburn AB, Bettahi I, Binder NR, Choudhury ZS, Chamberlain WD, Wechsler SL, BenMohamed L (2010) Nasolacrimal duct closure modulates ocular mucosal and systemic CD4+ T-cell responses induced following topical ocular or intranasal immunization. Clin Vaccine Immunol 17(3):342\u2013353","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000131","volume":"91","author":"R Chew","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chew R, Potter J, DiMattina A (2014) Conjunctival metastasis as the presenting sign for stage IV lung cancer. Optom vis Sci 91(2):e38\u2013e42","journal-title":"Optom vis Sci"},{"key":"4136_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.05.013","volume":"19","author":"J Collin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collin J, Queen R, Zerti D, Dorgau B, Georgiou M, Djidrovski I, Hussain R, Coxhead JM, Joseph A, Rooney P (2021) Co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the superficial adult human conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium suggests an additional route of entry via the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 19:190\u2013200","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"4136_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02192-02117","author":"HM Creager","year":"2018","unstructured":"Creager HM, Kumar A, Zeng H, Maines TR, Tumpey TM, Belser JA (2018) Infection and replication of influenza virus at the ocular surface. J Virol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.02192-02117","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-019-0160-6","volume":"12","author":"AT Dang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dang AT, Marsland BJ (2019) Microbes, metabolites, and the gut\u2013lung axis. Mucosal Immunol 12(4):843\u2013850","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9110819","volume":"9","author":"HA Dar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dar HA, Zaheer T, Ullah N, Bakhtiar SM, Zhang T, Yasir M, Azhar EI, Ali A (2020) Pangenome analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals core-drug targets and screening of promising lead compounds for drug discovery. Antibiotics 9(11):819","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"4136_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-18","volume":"8","author":"JP De Torres","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Torres JP, Casanova C, Montejo de Garcini A, Aguirre-Jaime A, Celli BR (2007) Gender and respiratory factors associated with dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 8:1\u20137","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16021","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016021","volume":"6","author":"JP de Torres","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Torres JP, Casanova C, Pinto-Plata V, Varo N, Restituto P, Cordoba-Lanus E, Baz-Davila R, Aguirre-Jaime A, Celli BR (2011) Gender differences in plasma biomarker levels in a cohort of COPD patients: a pilot study. PLoS ONE 6(1):e16021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03190.x","volume":"146","author":"AS Debertin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Debertin AS, Tschernig T, Sch\u00fcrmann A, Bajanowski T, Brinkmann B, Pabst R (2006) Coincidence of different structures of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the respiratory tract of children: no indications for enhanced mucosal immunostimulation in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Clin Exp Immunol 146(1):54\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03190.x","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18149-6","volume":"11","author":"W Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng W, Bao L, Gao H, Xiang Z, Qu Y, Song Z, Gong S, Liu J, Liu J, Yu P (2020) Ocular conjunctival inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 can cause mild COVID-19 in rhesus macaques. Nat Commun 11(1):4400","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50754","volume":"213","author":"V Dharwal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dharwal V, Paudel KR, Hansbro PM (2020) Impact of bushfire smoke on respiratory health. Med J Aust 213(6):284\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5694\/mja2.50754","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021115-105238","volume":"78","author":"RP Dickson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dickson RP, Erb-Downward JR, Martinez FJ, Huffnagle GB (2016) The microbiome and the respiratory tract. Annu Rev Physiol 78(1):481\u2013504","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01133.x","volume":"6","author":"S Dua","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dua S, Chalermskulrat W, Miller M, Landers M, Aris R (2006) Bilateral hematogenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant 6(1):219\u2013224","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"4136_CR42","volume-title":"Anatomy, head and neck: eye lacrimal duct","author":"L Ducker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ducker L, Rivera RY (2023) Anatomy, head and neck: eye lacrimal duct. StatPearls Publishing, St. Petersburg"},{"key":"4136_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2023-6219","volume":"22","author":"BH Elwakil","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elwakil BH, Hamed MT, Paudel KR (2023) Recent insights of fucoidan probiotic and its effect on gut microbiota. EXCLI J 22:556\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17179\/excli2023-6219","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0430-2","volume":"33","author":"Y-Y Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan Y-Y, Su W-W, Liu C-H, Chen HS-L, Wu S-C, Chang SH, Chen K-J, Wu W-C, Chen N-H, Li H-Y (2019) Correlation between structural progression in glaucoma and obstructive sleep apnea. Eye 33(9):1459\u20131465","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02768.x","volume":"40","author":"O Faridi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Faridi O, Park SC, Liebmann JM, Ritch R (2012) Glaucoma and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 40(4):408\u2013419","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(24)90818-X","volume":"7","author":"WC Finnoff","year":"1924","unstructured":"Finnoff WC (1924) Changes in eyes of rabbits following injection of dead tubercle bacilli into common carotid artery. Am J Ophthalmol 7(5):365\u2013372","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30393-5","volume":"5","author":"SR Flaxman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flaxman SR, Bourne RR, Resnikoff S, Ackland P, Braithwaite T, Cicinelli MV, Das A, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, Kempen JH (2017) Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990\u20132020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health 5(12):e1221\u2013e1234","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.33","volume":"25","author":"I Forchheimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Forchheimer I, De Moraes C, Teng C, Folgar F, Tello C, Ritch R, Liebmann J (2011) Baseline mean deviation and rates of visual field change in treated glaucoma patients. Eye 25(5):626\u2013632","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0372","volume":"44","author":"G Fuchsj\u00e4ger-Mayrl","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fuchsj\u00e4ger-Mayrl G, Luksch A, Malec M, Polska E, Wolzt M, Schmetterer L (2003) Role of endothelin-1 in choroidal blood flow regulation during isometric exercise in healthy humans. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 44(2):728\u2013733","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"4136_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2706","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380190076028","volume":"256","author":"CL Gala","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gala CL, Hall CB, Schnabel KC, Pincus PH, Blossom P, Hildreth SW, Betts RF, Douglas RG (1986) The use of eye-nose goggles to control nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection. JAMA 256(19):2706\u20132708","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2006.05.021","volume":"20","author":"PH Gj\u00f8rup","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gj\u00f8rup PH, Sadauskiene L, Wessels J, Nyvad O, Strunge B, Pedersen EB (2007) Abnormally increased endothelin-1 in plasma during the night in obstructive sleep apnea: relation to blood pressure and severity of disease. Am J Hypertens 20(1):44\u201352","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4122","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02232-10","volume":"85","author":"I Glowacka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Glowacka I, Bertram S, M\u00fcller MA, Allen P, Soilleux E, Pfefferle S, Steffen I, Tsegaye TS, He Y, Gnirss K (2011) Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response. J Virol 85(9):4122\u20134134","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"151","key":"4136_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180055","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0055-2018","volume":"28","author":"C Gut-Gobert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gut-Gobert C, Cavaill\u00e8s A, Dixmier A, Guillot S, Jouneau S, Leroyer C, Marchand-Adam S, Marquette D, Meurice J-C, Desvigne N (2019) Women and COPD: do we need more evidence? Eur Respir Rev 28(151):180055","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.13764","volume":"19","author":"A Haysom-McDowell","year":"2025","unstructured":"Haysom-McDowell A, Paudel KR, Yeung S, Kokkinis S, El Sherkawi T, Chellappan DK, Adams J, Dua K, De Rubis G (2025) Recent trends and therapeutic potential of phytoceutical-based nanoparticle delivery systems in mitigating non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Oncol 19(1):15\u201336","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"key":"4136_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02489914","volume":"3","author":"A Hiraki","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hiraki A, Ueoka H, Matsuo T, Nakagawa T, Yoshino T, Kiura K, Tabata M, Sakae K, Ohtsuki Y, Hiraki Y (1998) Metastasis to the iris in squamous cell lung cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 3:186\u2013190","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR56","first-page":"88","volume":"32","author":"R Hoekzema","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hoekzema R, Murray PI, Van Haren M, Helle M, Kijlstra A (1991) Analysis of interleukin-6 in endotoxin-induced uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 32(1):88\u201395","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.3390\/life13041018","volume":"13","author":"E Hsu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hsu E, Desai M (2023) Glaucoma and systemic disease. Life 13(4):1018","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.048","volume":"127","author":"YJ Huang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huang YJ, Nelson CE, Brodie EL, DeSantis TZ, Baek MS, Liu J, Woyke T, Allgaier M, Bristow J, Wiener-Kronish JP (2011) Airway microbiota and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with suboptimally controlled asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127(2):372\u2013381","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.108","volume":"10","author":"G Huffnagle","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huffnagle G, Dickson R, Lukacs N (2017) The respiratory tract microbiome and lung inflammation: a two-way street. Mucosal Immunol 10(2):299\u2013306","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.4.412","volume":"86","author":"M Huhtinen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Huhtinen M, Repo H, Laasila K, Jansson SE, Kautiainen H, Karma A, Leirisalo-Repo M (2002) Systemic inflammation and innate immune response in patients with previous anterior uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol 86(4):412\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.86.4.412","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics10010034","volume":"10","author":"M Imran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Imran M, Jin X, Ali M, Tapfumaneyi P, Lelasseur P, Carlo L, Jude A, Bourg AL, Panchal B, Dick A (2023) The pandemic and your skin\u2014direct and indirect impact of COVID-19. Cosmetics 10(1):34","journal-title":"Cosmetics"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.14735\/amko2016291","volume":"29","author":"T Janakiram","year":"2016","unstructured":"Janakiram T, Sagar S, Sharma S, Subramaniam V (2016) Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac-a case report and literature review. Klin Onkol 29(4):291\u2013294","journal-title":"Klin Onkol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7675","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35225-1","volume":"13","author":"GU Jeong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jeong GU, Kwon H-J, Ng WH, Liu X, Moon HW, Yoon GY, Shin HJ, Lee I-C, Ling ZL, Spiteri AG (2022) Ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 in animal models with retinal inflammation via neuronal invasion following intranasal inoculation. Nat Commun 13(1):7675","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.03.037","volume":"129","author":"SS Joseph","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joseph SS, Yentz SE, Mikkilineni S, Nelson C, Kalemkerian GP (2016) Eyelid metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management. Am J Med 129(9):e169\u2013e172","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2015.29.4.263","volume":"29","author":"EM Kang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kang EM, Hong S, Kim CY, Seong GJ (2015) Relationship between peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography and visual field severity indices. Korean J Ophthalmol 29(4):263\u2013269","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2016.11.016","volume":"52","author":"V Kansal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kansal V, Rahimy E, Garg S, Dollin M (2017) Endogenous methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis secondary to axillary phlegmon: a case report. Can J Ophthalmol 52(3):e97\u2013e99","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5603\/NMR.2014.0010","volume":"17","author":"S Karunanithi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karunanithi S, Chakraborty PS, Dhull VS, Nadarajah J, Salunkhe NR, Kumar R (2014) Ciliary body metastasis in a patient with non-small cell lung carcinoma\u2014incidental detection with 18F-FDG PET\/CT. Nucl Med Rev 17(1):40\u201343","journal-title":"Nucl Med Rev"},{"key":"4136_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20240220-01","author":"D Kazantzis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kazantzis D, Machairoudia G, Kandarakis S, Theodossiadis G, Theodossiadis P, Chatziralli I (2024) Retinal nerve fiber layer changes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to healthy controls: a meta-analysis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/23258160-20240220-01","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0042-2","volume":"32","author":"H Killer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Killer H, Pircher A (2018) Normal tension glaucoma: review of current understanding and mechanisms of the pathogenesis. Eye 32(5):924\u2013930","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137608","volume":"10","author":"E-D Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim E-D, Han SJ, Byun Y-H, Yoon SC, Choi KS, Seong BL, Seo KY (2015) Inactivated eyedrop influenza vaccine adjuvanted with poly (I: C) is safe and effective for inducing protective systemic and mucosal immunity. PLoS ONE 10(9):e0137608","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S-180","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70251-3","volume":"3","author":"E Knop","year":"2005","unstructured":"Knop E, Knop N (2005) Influence of the eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT) on inflammatory ocular surface disease. Ocul Surf 3(4):S-180-S\u2212186","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"8","key":"4136_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35128","volume":"130","author":"TB Kratzer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kratzer TB, Bandi P, Freedman ND, Smith RA, Travis WD, Jemal A, Siegel RL (2024) Lung cancer statistics, 2023. Cancer 130(8):1330\u20131348","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2010.08.005","volume":"90","author":"N Krishnan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Krishnan N, Robertson BD, Thwaites G (2010) The mechanisms and consequences of the extra-pulmonary dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 90(6):361\u2013366","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4882","volume":"37","author":"V Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar V, Esmaeli B, Ahmed S, Gogia B, Debnam J, Ginsberg L (2016) Imaging features of malignant lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 37(11):2134\u20132137","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30157-0","volume":"8","author":"WW Labaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Labaki WW, Han MK (2020) Chronic respiratory diseases: a global view. Lancet Respir Med 8(6):531\u2013533","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.11.15","volume":"64","author":"Y Lakshmanan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lakshmanan Y, Wong FSY, Chan HH-L (2023) Long-term effects on retinal structure and function in a mouse endothelin-1 model of retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 64(11):15\u201315","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"4136_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60071117","volume":"60","author":"S Lampsas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lampsas S, Kandarakis SA, Vakalopoulos DG, Lampsa A, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Kymionis GD (2024) Endothelin-1 plasma and aqueous humor levels in different types of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina (b Aires) 60(7):1117","journal-title":"Medicina (b Aires)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-014-0433-9","volume":"36","author":"RW Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee RW, Nicholson LB, Sen HN, Chan CC, Wei L, Nussenblatt RB, Dick AD (2014) Autoimmune and autoinflammatory mechanisms in uveitis. Semin Immunopathol 36(5):581\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-014-0433-9","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21225-0","volume":"12","author":"JS Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee JS, Kim YJ, Kim SS, Park S, Choi W, Bae HW, Kim CY (2022) Increased risk of open-angle glaucoma in non-smoking women with obstructive pattern of spirometric tests. Sci Rep 12(1):16915","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4136_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau6085","author":"SM Lewis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lewis SM, Williams A, Eisenbarth SC (2019) Structure and function of the immune system in the spleen. Sci Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau6085","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR83","volume":"2016","author":"S Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li S, Zhang A, Cao W, Sun X (2016) Elevated plasma endothelin-1 levels in normal tension glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma: a meta-analysis. J Ophthalmol 2016(1):2678017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.09.010","volume":"19","author":"S Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li S, Li D, Fang J, Liu Q, Cao W, Sun X, Xu G (2020) SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is expressed in human conjunctival tissue, especially in diseased conjunctival tissue. Ocul Surf 19:249","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-022-01238-z","volume":"43","author":"C Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li C, Chen W, Lin F, Li W, Wang P, Liao G, Zhang L (2023) Functional two-way crosstalk between brain and lung: the brain\u2013lung axis. Cell Mol Neurobiol 43(3):991\u20131003","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4136_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1544-1","volume":"249","author":"P-W Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin P-W, Friedman M, Lin H-C, Chang H-W, Pulver TM, Chin C-H (2011) Decreased retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 249:585\u2013593","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR87","volume":"2016","author":"Z Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin Z, Huang S, Xie B, Zhong Y (2016) Peripapillary choroidal thickness and open-angle glaucoma: a meta-analysis. J Ophthalmol 2016(1):5484568","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR88","first-page":"1936","volume":"16","author":"Y Lu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lu Y, He S, Jia L, Khan NW, Heckenlively JR (2010) Two mouse models for recoverin-associated autoimmune retinopathy. Mol vis 16:1936\u20131948","journal-title":"Mol vis"},{"issue":"10","key":"4136_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3690","volume":"138","author":"N Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma N, Li P, Wang X, Yu Y, Tan X, Chen P, Li S, Jiang F (2020) Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Ophthalmol 138(10):1079\u20131086","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2018.09.003","volume":"68","author":"T Mathis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mathis T, Jardel P, Loria O, Delaunay B, Nguyen A-M, Lanza F, Mosci C, Caujolle J-P, Kodjikian L, Thariat J (2019) New concepts in the diagnosis and management of choroidal metastases. Prog Retin Eye Res 68:144\u2013176","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"4136_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5002(96)00552-1","volume":"14","author":"S Matsubara","year":"1996","unstructured":"Matsubara S, Yamaji Y, Fujita T, Kanayama T, Yamadori I, Sato M, Fujita J, Shiotani T, Takahara J (1996) Cancer-associated retinopathy syndrome: a case of small cell lung cancer expressing recoverin immunoreactivity. Lung Cancer 14(2\u20133):265\u2013271","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"4136_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.07.014","volume":"117","author":"AM McDermott","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDermott AM (2013) Antimicrobial compounds in tears. Exp Eye Res 117:53\u201361","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4136_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200903-0347PP","volume":"180","author":"WT McNicholas","year":"2009","unstructured":"McNicholas WT (2009) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea: overlaps in pathophysiology, systemic inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180(8):692\u2013700","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-020-00698-3","volume":"28","author":"M Mehta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mehta M, Dhanjal DS, Paudel KR, Singh B, Gupta G, Rajeshkumar S, Thangavelu L, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Chellappan DK, Pandey P, Dureja H, Charbe NB, Singh SK, Shukla SD, Nammi S, Aljabali AA, Wich PR, Hansbro PM, Dua K (2020) Cellular signalling pathways mediating the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases: an update. Inflammopharmacology 28(4):795\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10787-020-00698-3","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8233","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20198233","volume":"52","author":"AC Meneghini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meneghini AC, Koenigkam-Santos M, Pereira MC, Tonidandel PR, Terra-Filho J, Cunha FQ, Menezes M, Vianna E (2019) Biomass smoke COPD has less tomographic abnormalities but worse hypoxemia compared with tobacco COPD. Brazilian J Med Biol Res 52(5):e8233","journal-title":"Brazilian J Med Biol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2018.232","volume":"39","author":"LA Mermel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mermel LA (2018) Eye protection for preventing transmission of respiratory viral infections to healthcare workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 39(11):1387\u20131387","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)95030-8","volume":"105","author":"DS Mojon","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mojon DS, Mathis J, Zulauf M, Koerner F, Hess CW (1998) Optic neuropathy associated with sleep apnea syndrome. Ophthalmology 105(5):874\u2013877","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00525-4","volume":"106","author":"DS Mojon","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mojon DS, Hess CW, Goldblum D, Fleischhauer J, Koerner F, Bassetti C, Mathis J (1999) High prevalence of glaucoma in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Ophthalmology 106(5):1009\u20131012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"4136_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201403-0541OC","volume":"190","author":"PL Molyneaux","year":"2014","unstructured":"Molyneaux PL, Cox MJ, Willis-Owen SA, Mallia P, Russell KE, Russell A-M, Murphy E, Johnston SL, Schwartz DA, Wells AU (2014) The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 190(8):906\u2013913","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4136_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00196","volume":"7","author":"H Myllym\u00e4ki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Myllym\u00e4ki H, B\u00e4uerlein CA, R\u00e4met M (2016) The zebrafish breathes new life into the study of tuberculosis. Front Immunol 7:196","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306665","volume":"99","author":"M Naderan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Naderan M, Rezagholizadeh F, Zolfaghari M, Naderan M, Rajabi MT, Kamaleddin MA (2015) Association between the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea and the severity of keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol 99(12):1675\u20131679","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13056","volume":"55","author":"A Nagata","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagata A, Omachi K, Higashide T, Shirae S, Shimazaki A, Nakamura M, Ishida N, Sugiyama K (2014) OCT evaluation of neuroprotective effects of tafluprost on retinal injury after intravitreal injection of endothelin-1 in the rat eye. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 55(2):1040\u20131047","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR103","volume":"2014","author":"T Namad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Namad T, Wang J, Tilton A, Abdel Karim N (2014) Bilateral choroidal metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer. Case Rep Oncol Med 2014(1):858265","journal-title":"Case Rep Oncol Med"},{"key":"4136_CR104","volume-title":"Ocular tumors","author":"H Nema","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nema H, Nema N (2021) Ocular tumors. Springer, Berlin"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894020905508","volume":"10","author":"NP Nickel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nickel NP, Shamskhou EA, Razeen MA, Condon DF, Messentier Louro LA, Dubra A, Liao YJ, Zamanian RT, Yuan K, Perez VAdJ (2020) Anatomic, genetic and functional properties of the retinal circulation in pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 10(2):2045894020905508","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1159\/000075206","volume":"70","author":"E Nikolaou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nikolaou E, Trakada G, Prodromakis E, Efremidis G, Pouli A, Koniavitou A, Spiropoulos K (2003) Evaluation of arterial endothelin-1 levels, before and during a sleep study, in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiration 70(6):606\u2013610","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4806.22.07972-1","volume":"113","author":"F Nucera","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nucera F, Mumby S, Paudel KR, Dharwal V, Di Stefano A, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G (2022) Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD. Minerva Med 113(3):370\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0026-4806.22.07972-1","journal-title":"Minerva Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"4136_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702004","volume":"20","author":"T Okuno","year":"2006","unstructured":"Okuno T, Sugiyama T, Kohyama M, Kojima S, Oku H, Ikeda T (2006) Ocular blood flow changes after dynamic exercise in humans. Eye 20(7):796\u2013800","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30139-6","volume":"17","author":"F Olea-Popelka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olea-Popelka F, Muwonge A, Perera A, Dean AS, Mumford E, Erlacher-Vindel E, Forcella S, Silk BJ, Ditiu L, El Idrissi A (2017) Zoonotic tuberculosis in human beings caused by Mycobacterium bovis\u2014a call for action. Lancet Infect Dis 17(1):e21\u2013e25","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70026-8","volume":"5","author":"S Olofsson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Olofsson S, Kumlin U, Dimock K, Arnberg N (2005) Avian influenza and sialic acid receptors: more than meets the eye? Lancet Infect Dis 5(3):184\u2013188","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"4136_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102976","author":"ME Ortiz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ortiz ME, Thurman A, Pezzulo AA, Leidinger MR, Klesney-Tait JA, Karp PH, Tan P, Wohlford-Lenane C, McCray PB, Meyerholz DK (2020) Heterogeneous expression of the SARS-coronavirus-2 receptor ACE2 in the human respiratory tract. EBioMedicine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102976","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2015.1004079","volume":"35","author":"M Ozcimen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ozcimen M, Sakarya Y, Kurtipek E, Bekci TT, Goktas S, Sakarya R, Yener HI, Demir LS, Erdogan E, Ivacik IS (2016) Peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 35(1):26\u201330","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"key":"4136_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109615","volume":"235","author":"J Ozkan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ozkan J, Majzoub ME, Coroneo M, Thomas T, Willcox M (2023) Ocular microbiome changes in dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction. Exp Eye Res 235:109615","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP145","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120946287","volume":"31","author":"ZK Ozturker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ozturker ZK (2021) Conjunctivitis as sole symptom of COVID-19: a case report and review of literature. Eur J Ophthalmol 31(2):NP145\u2013NP150","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR116","first-page":"30","volume":"15","author":"H Patel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patel H, Wilches LV, Guerrero J (2015) Timolol-induced interstitial lung disease. Respir Med Case Rep 15:30\u201332","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"4136_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03466-0","author":"MN Patel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel MN, Patel AJ, Nandpal MN, Raval MA, Patel RJ, Patel AA, Paudel KR, Hansbro PM, Singh SK, Gupta G (2024) Advancing against drug-resistant tuberculosis: an extensive review, novel strategies and patent landscape. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03466-0","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"4136_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00554","volume":"7","author":"KR Paudel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paudel KR, Dharwal V, Patel VK, Galvao I, Wadhwa R, Malyla V, Shen SS, Budden KF, Hansbro NG, Vaughan A, Yang IA, Kohonen-Corish MRJ, Bebawy M, Dua K, Hansbro PM (2020) Role of lung microbiome in innate immune response associated with chronic lung diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 7:554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.00554","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10112224","volume":"10","author":"F Petrillo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Petrillo F, Petrillo A, Sasso FP, Schettino A, Maione A, Galdiero M (2022) Viral infection and antiviral treatments in ocular pathologies. Microorganisms 10(11):2224","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"10","key":"4136_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.080119","volume":"14","author":"MM Pettigrew","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pettigrew MM, Gent JF, Revai K, Patel JA, Chonmaitree T (2008) Microbial interactions during upper respiratory tract infections. Emerg Infect Dis 14(10):1584","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200210000-00016","volume":"11","author":"N Pfeiffer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pfeiffer N, Krieglstein GK, Wellek S (2002) Knowledge about glaucoma in the unselected population: a German survey. J Glaucoma 11(5):458\u2013463","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa332","volume":"222","author":"BG Pinto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinto BG, Oliveira AE, Singh Y, Jimenez L, Gon\u00e7alves AN, Ogava RL, Creighton R, Schatzmann Peron JP, Nakaya HI (2020) ACE2 expression is increased in the lungs of patients with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19. J Infect Dis 222(4):556\u2013563","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"4136_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4224","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.7.4224-4232.2004","volume":"72","author":"GP Priebe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Priebe GP, Dean CR, Zaidi T, Meluleni GJ, Coleman FT, Coutinho YS, Noto MJ, Urban TA, Pier GB, Goldberg JB (2004) The galU gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is required for corneal infection and efficient systemic spread following pneumonia but not for infection confined to the lung. Infect Immun 72(7):4224\u20134232","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.12.1626","volume":"118","author":"VA Purvin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Purvin VA, Kawasaki A, Yee RD (2000) Papilledema and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 118(12):1626\u20131630","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S295283","author":"J-Y Qu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qu J-Y, Xie H-T, Zhang M-C (2021a) Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through the ocular route. Clin Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S295283","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4136_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S315532","author":"Z Qu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qu Z, Liu J, Zhu L, Zhou Q (2021b) A comprehensive understanding of choroidal metastasis from lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OTT.S315532","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.220","volume":"127","author":"NA Rao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rao NA, Albini TA, Kumaradas M, Pinn ML, Fraig MM, Karakousis PC (2009) Experimental ocular tuberculosis in guinea pigs. Arch Ophthalmol 127(9):1162\u20131166","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31827690da","volume":"8","author":"JW Riess","year":"2013","unstructured":"Riess JW, Nagpal S, Das M, Neal JW, Kim JW, Wakelee HA (2013) A case series of NSCLC patients with different molecular characteristics and choroidal metastases: improvement in vision with treatment including pemetrexed and bevacizumab. J Thorac Oncol 8(2):e17\u2013e18","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.159893","volume":"63","author":"P Rishi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rishi P, Sharma R, Subramanian K, Subramaniam N (2015) Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the conjunctiva with lung metastasis. Indian J Ophthalmol 63(5):457\u2013459","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/112067219700700302","volume":"7","author":"P Robert","year":"1997","unstructured":"Robert P, Adenis J, Tapie P, Melloni B (1997) Eyelid hyperlaxity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol 7(3):211\u2013215","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2006.06.012","volume":"51","author":"JW Robinson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robinson JW, Brownstein S, Jordan DR, Hodge WG (2006) Conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a patient with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and a review of the literature. Surv Ophthalmol 51(5):513\u2013519","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002509","volume":"39","author":"H Roehrich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roehrich H, Yuan C, Hou JH (2020) Immunohistochemical study of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry factors in the cornea and ocular surface. Cornea 39(12):1556\u20131562","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201310-335OC","volume":"11","author":"GB Rogers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rogers GB, Zain NMM, Bruce KD, Burr LD, Chen AC, Rivett DW, McGuckin MA, Serisier DJ (2014) A novel microbiota stratification system predicts future exacerbations in bronchiectasis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 11(4):496\u2013503","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.1.30","volume":"56","author":"M Roland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roland M, Bhowmik A, Sapsford R, Seemungal T, Jeffries D, Warner T, Wedzicha J (2001) Sputum and plasma endothelin-1 levels in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 56(1):30\u201335","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR135","first-page":"879419","volume":"2012","author":"DP Rosa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rosa DP, Forgiarini LF, Baronio D, Feijo CA, Martinez D, Marroni NP (2012) Simulating sleep apnea by exposure to intermittent hypoxia induces inflammation in the lung and liver. Mediat Inflamm 2012(1):879419","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"key":"4136_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2024.2386355","author":"B Sagir","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sagir B, Okutucu M, Arpa M, Findik H, Uzun F, Gokhan Aslan M, \u015eahin \u00dc, Kaim M (2024) Evaluation of choroidal thickness and retinal vessel density with serum HIF-1\u03b1 and TNF-\u03b1 level in patients with OSAS. Curr Eye Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2024.2386355","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR137","volume":"2010","author":"S Salvatore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salvatore S, Vingolo EM (2010) Endothelin-1 role in human eye: a review. J Ophthalmol 2010(1):354645","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7990","key":"4136_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06761-7","volume":"624","author":"N Saunders","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saunders N, Fernandez I, Planchais C, Michel V, Rajah MM, Baquero Salazar E, Postal J, Porrot F, Guivel-Benhassine F, Blanc C (2023) TMPRSS2 is a functional receptor for human coronavirus HKU1. Nature 624(7990):207\u2013214","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4136_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2484","volume":"4","author":"SH Saw","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saw SH, Tan JL, Chan XY, Chan KG, Ngeow YF (2016) Chromosomal rearrangements and protein globularity changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from cerebrospinal fluid. PeerJ 4:e2484","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000523","volume":"4","author":"T Schoen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schoen T, Aeschbacher S, Leuppi JD, Miedinger D, Werthm\u00fcller U, Estis J, Todd J, Risch M, Risch L, Conen D (2017) Subclinical sleep apnoea and plasma levels of endothelin-1 among young and healthy adults. Open Heart 4(1):e000523","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1035378","volume":"207","author":"B Seitz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Seitz B, Henke V (1995) Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the epibulbar connective tissue with diffuse intraocular epithelial invasion. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 207(4):264\u2013265","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"4136_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108506","volume":"205","author":"J Shen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shen J, Wang Y, Yao K (2021) Protection of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma: current status and future. Exp Eye Res 205:108506","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4136_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30148-1","volume":"104","author":"CL Shields","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shields CL, Shields JA, Gross NE, Schwartz GP, Lally SE (1997) Survey of 520 eyes with uveal metastases. Ophthalmology 104(8):1265\u20131276","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"4136_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-015-0663-y","volume":"71","author":"MH Shilts","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shilts MH, Rosas-Salazar C, Tovchigrechko A, Larkin EK, Torralba M, Akopov A, Halpin R, Peebles RS, Moore ML, Anderson LJ (2016) Minimally invasive sampling method identifies differences in taxonomic richness of nasal microbiomes in young infants associated with mode of delivery. Microb Ecol 71:233\u2013242","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13722","volume":"25","author":"SD Shukla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shukla SD, Walters EH, Simpson JL, Keely S, Wark PA, O\u2019Toole RF, Hansbro PM (2020) Hypoxia-inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 25(1):53\u201363","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"4136_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2023.2535","author":"M Singh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singh M, Deokar K, Sinha BP, Keena M, Desai G (2024) Ocular manifestations of common pulmonary diseases: a narrative review. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/monaldi.2023.2535","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"4136_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.01.004","volume":"109","author":"V Sivakumar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sivakumar V, Foulds W, Luu C, Ling E, Kaur C (2013) Hypoxia-induced retinal ganglion cell damage through activation of AMPA receptors and the neuroprotective effects of DNQX. Exp Eye Res 109:83\u201397","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01397.2009","volume":"109","author":"DL Stadler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stadler DL, McEvoy RD, Bradley J, Paul D, Catcheside PG (2010) Changes in lung volume and diaphragm muscle activity at sleep onset in obese obstructive sleep apnea patients vs. healthy-weight controls. J Appl Physiol 109(4):1027\u20131036","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2014.250","volume":"9","author":"JC Stearns","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stearns JC, Davidson CJ, McKeon S, Whelan FJ, Fontes ME, Schryvers AB, Bowdish DM, Kellner JD, Surette MG (2015) Culture and molecular-based profiles show shifts in bacterial communities of the upper respiratory tract that occur with age. ISME J 9(5):1246\u20131259","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4136_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(79)35393-3","volume":"86","author":"RF Stephens","year":"1979","unstructured":"Stephens RF, Shields JA (1979) Diagnosis and management of cancer metastatic to the uvea: a study of 70 cases. Ophthalmology 86(7):1336\u20131349","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"4136_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011335","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1011335","volume":"9","author":"MJ Taha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Taha MJ, Abuawwad MT, Alrubasy WA, Sameer SK, Alsafi T, Al-Bustanji Y, Abu-Ismail L, Nashwan AJ (2022) Ocular manifestations of recent viral pandemics: a literature review. Front Med 9:1011335","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4136_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194982","volume":"13","author":"K Takaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Takaki K, Ramakrishnan L, Basu S (2018) A zebrafish model for ocular tuberculosis. PLoS ONE 13(3):e0194982","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4136_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.174821","volume":"919","author":"CL Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan CL, Chan Y, Candasamy M, Chellian J, Madheswaran T, Sakthivel LP, Patel VK, Chakraborty A, MacLoughlin R, Kumar D (2022) Unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic respiratory diseases for the development of novel therapeutics via in vitro experimental models. Eur J Pharmacol 919:174821","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"4136_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.176413","volume":"954","author":"HC Taylor-Blair","year":"2024","unstructured":"Taylor-Blair HC, Siu ACW, Haysom-McDowell A, Kokkinis S, Saeid AB, Chellappan DK, Oliver BG, Paudel KR, De Rubis G, Dua K (2024) The impact of airborne particulate matter-based pollution on the cellular and molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sci Total Environ 954:176413","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70018","volume":"5","author":"R Thapa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thapa R, Magar AT, Shrestha J, Panth N, Idrees S, Sadaf T, Bashyal S, Elwakil BH, Sugandhi VV, Rojekar S (2024) Influence of gut and lung dysbiosis on lung cancer progression and their modulation as promising therapeutic targets: a comprehensive review. MedComm 5(12):e70018","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"issue":"12","key":"4136_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028383","volume":"6","author":"SM Thayil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thayil SM, Albini TA, Nazari H, Moshfeghi AA, Parel J-MA, Rao NA, Karakousis PC (2011) Local ischemia and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor following ocular dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS ONE 6(12):e28383","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4136_CR157","first-page":"342","volume":"24","author":"CW Tooker","year":"1926","unstructured":"Tooker CW (1926) Metastatic carcinoma of the choroid and of the Iris: a study of the disease, with a report of the clinical history of a case, and an investigation of its pathologic anatomy. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 24:342","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-0263","volume":"11","author":"J-CJ Tsay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsay J-CJ, Wu BG, Sulaiman I, Gershner K, Schluger R, Li Y, Yie T-A, Meyn P, Olsen E, Perez L (2021) Lower airway dysbiosis affects lung cancer progression. Cancer Discov 11(2):293\u2013307","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12723","volume":"46","author":"MK Tulic","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tulic MK, Piche T, Verhasselt V (2016) Lung\u2013gut cross-talk: evidence, mechanisms and implications for the mucosal inflammatory diseases. Clin Exp Allergy 46(4):519\u2013528","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12523","volume":"12","author":"E Ugurlu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ugurlu E, Pekel G, Altinisik G, Bozkurt K, Can I, Evyapan F (2018) New aspect for systemic effects of COPD: eye findings. Clin Respir J 12(1):247\u2013252","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"issue":"5772","key":"4136_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1125548","volume":"312","author":"D Van Riel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van Riel D, Munster VJ, de Wit E, Rimmelzwaan GF, Fouchier RA, Osterhaus AD, Kuiken T (2006) H5N1 virus attachment to lower respiratory tract. Science 312(5772):399\u2013399","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3904","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0161","volume":"47","author":"LM Ventura","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ventura LM, Sorokac N, De Los Santos R, Feuer WJ, Porciatti V (2006) The relationship between retinal ganglion cell function and retinal nerve fiber thickness in early glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 47(9):3904\u20133911","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2019.1576","volume":"33","author":"G Viegi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Viegi G, Maio S, Fasola S, Baldacci S (2020) Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 33(4):171\u2013177","journal-title":"J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"6388","key":"4136_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaat9922","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat9922","volume":"360","author":"SM Vieira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vieira SM, Hiltensperger M, Kumar V, Zegarra-Ruiz D, Dehner C, Khan N, Costa F, Tiniakou E, Greiling T, Ruff W (2018) Erratum: the report \u201cTranslocation of a gut pathobiont drives autoimmunity in mice and humans.\u201d Science 360(6388):eaat9922","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR165","first-page":"e25517","volume":"14","author":"V Wagh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wagh V, Tidake PK, Aurangabadkar G (2022) Role of optical coherence tomography to measure retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cureus 14(5):e25517","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"11","key":"4136_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.37.11.845","volume":"37","author":"J Walsh","year":"1982","unstructured":"Walsh J, Montplaisir J (1982) Familial glaucoma with sleep apnoea: a new syndrome? Thorax 37(11):845\u2013849","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"9","key":"4136_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202206-1066TR","volume":"207","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Cai Y, Garssen J, Henricks PA, Folkerts G, Braber S (2023) The bidirectional gut\u2013lung axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 207(9):1145\u20131160","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"4136_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30329-5","volume":"8","author":"S Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams S, Sheikh A, Campbell H, Fitch N, Griffiths C, Heyderman RS, Jordan RE, Katikireddi SV, Tsiligianni I, Obasi A (2020) Respiratory research funding is inadequate, inequitable, and a missed opportunity. Lancet Respir Med 8(8):e67\u2013e68","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4136_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000241","volume":"27","author":"LJ Wilsey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wilsey LJ, Fortune B (2016) Electroretinography in glaucoma diagnosis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 27(2):118\u2013124","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.08.011","volume":"118","author":"KJ Wroblewski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wroblewski KJ, Hidayat AA, Neafie RC, Rao NA, Zapor M (2011) Ocular tuberculosis: a clinicopathologic and molecular study. Ophthalmology 118(4):772\u2013777","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"4136_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-1291-8","volume":"21","author":"M Xie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie M, Liu X, Cao X, Guo M, Li X (2020) Trends in prevalence and incidence of chronic respiratory diseases from 1990 to 2017. Respir Res 21:1\u201313","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e479","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13693","volume":"96","author":"E Yamada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamada E, Himori N, Kunikata H, Omodaka K, Ogawa H, Ichinose M, Nakazawa T (2018) The relationship between increased oxidative stress and visual field defect progression in glaucoma patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol 96(4):e479\u2013e484","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4136_CR174","first-page":"326","volume":"20","author":"X Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan X, Yiduo S, Jing Z, Minjiang C, Jiangde L, Longyun L, Zhong W, Mengzhao W (2017) Ocular metastasis in lung cancer: a retrospective analysis in a single Chinese hospital and literature review. Chin J Lung Cancer 20(5):326\u2013333","journal-title":"Chin J Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-025-00697-5","volume":"26","author":"M Yan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yan M, Cheng L, Zheng Z, Lin Y, Qin D, Chen H (2025) Advances in the understanding of ocular and nasal lymphatics. BMC Immunol 26(1):16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12865-025-00697-5","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"4136_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8645","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00281-12","volume":"86","author":"H Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang H, Carney PJ, Donis RO, Stevens J (2012) Structure and receptor complexes of the hemagglutinin from a highly pathogenic H7N7 influenza virus. J Virol 86(16):8645\u20138652","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4136_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.65.10.19","volume":"65","author":"Y Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang Y, Han C, Sun Y, Zhao X, Chen Z, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhang W (2024) Effects of acute high-altitude exposure on morphology and function of retinal ganglion cell in mice. Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci 65(10):19\u201319","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4136_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672119882331","volume":"31","author":"\u00d6 Yan\u0131k","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yan\u0131k \u00d6, Ho\u015fal B, Tekeli A, Nalc\u0131 H (2021) Viral nucleic acid analysis with PCR in lacrimal tissue and nasal swab samples of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction cases. Eur J Ophthalmol 31(1):138\u2013143","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4136_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2021.1977829","volume":"29","author":"A\u00dc Yener","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yener A\u00dc (2021) COVID-19 and the eye: ocular manifestations, treatment and protection measures. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 29(6):1225\u20131233","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"issue":"4","key":"4136_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.06.007","volume":"18","author":"L Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou L, Xu Z, Castiglione GM, Soiberman US, Eberhart CG, Duh EJ (2020) ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed on the human ocular surface, suggesting susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ocul Surf 18(4):537\u2013544","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"4136_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02389","author":"CK Zimpel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zimpel CK, Brand\u00e3o PE, de Souza Filho AF, de Souza RF, Ikuta CY, Ferreira Neto JS, Camargo NCS, Heinemann MB, Guimar\u00e3es AMS (2017) Complete genome sequencing of Mycobacterium bovis SP38 and comparative genomics of Mycobacterium bovis and M. tuberculosis strains. Front Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02389","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T01:02:28Z","timestamp":1759107748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"references-count":175,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-025-04136-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5761","1432-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5761","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}