{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:06:03Z","timestamp":1791176763220,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmied Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,30]],"date-time":"2006-10-30T17:13:35Z","timestamp":1162228415000},"page":"153-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Why are mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists cardioprotective?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"374","author":[{"given":"Wenxia","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H. Jan","family":"Danser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"107_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.03.015","volume":"93","author":"AK Abiose","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abiose AK, Mansoor GA, Barry M, Soucier R, Nair CK, Hager D (2004) Effect of spironolactone on endothelial function in patients with congestive heart failure on conventional medical therapy. Am J Cardiol 93:1564\u20131566","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"107_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151516.84238.37","volume":"111","author":"RA Ahokas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ahokas RA, Sun Y, Bhattacharya SK, Gerling IC, Weber KT (2005) Aldosteronism and a proinflammatory vascular phenotype: role of Mg2+, Ca2+, and H2O2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Circulation 111:51\u201357","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.35.5.1099","volume":"35","author":"R Alzamora","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alzamora R, Michea L, Marusic ET (2000) Role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in nongenomic aldosterone effects in human arteries. Hypertension 35:1099\u20131104","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3037703","volume":"237","author":"JL Arriza","year":"1987","unstructured":"Arriza JL, Weinberger C, Cerelli G, Glaser TM, Handelin BL, Housman DE, Evans RM (1987) Cloning of human mineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA: structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor. Science 237:268\u2013275","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"107_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200410000-00011","volume":"22","author":"A Barbato","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barbato A, Russo P, Siani A, Folkerd EJ, Miller MA, Venezia A, Grimaldi C, Strazzullo P, Cappuccio FP (2004a) Aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) C-344T polymorphism, plasma aldosterone, renin activity and blood pressure in a multi-ethnic population. J Hypertens 22:1895\u20131901","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"107_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000025879.29822.24","volume":"40","author":"JC Barbato","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barbato JC, Mulrow PJ, Shapiro JI, Franco-Saenz R (2002) Rapid effects of aldosterone and spironolactone in the isolated working rat heart. Hypertension 40:130\u2013135","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000144466.11568.7e","volume":"44","author":"JC Barbato","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barbato JC, Rashid S, Mulrow PJ, Shapiro JI, Franco-Saenz R (2004b) Mechanisms for aldosterone and spironolactone-induced positive inotropic actions in the rat heart. Hypertension 44:751\u2013757","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000128696.12245.57","volume":"109","author":"WW Batenburg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Batenburg WW, Garrelds IM, Bernasconi CC, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, van Kats JP, Saxena PR, Danser AHJ (2004) Angiotensin II type 2 receptor-mediated vasodilation in human coronary microarteries. Circulation 109:2296\u20132301","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000049089","volume":"96","author":"L Beck","year":"2001","unstructured":"Beck L, Blanc-Guillemaud V, Cherif OK, Jover B, Davy JM (2001) Effects of spironolactone and fosinopril on the spontaneous and chronic ventricular arrhythmias in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Cardiology 96:85\u201393","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"107_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00929.x","volume":"63","author":"ER Blasi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Blasi ER, Rocha R, Rudolph AE, Blomme EA, Polly ML, McMahon EG (2003) Aldosterone\/salt induces renal inflammation and fibrosis in hypertensive rats. Kidney Int 63:1791\u20131800","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"107_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.2.198","volume":"32","author":"E Brand","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brand E, Chatelain N, Mulatero P, Fery I, Curnow K, Jeunemaitre X, Corvol P, Pascoe L, Soubrier F (1998) Structural analysis and evaluation of the aldosterone synthase gene in hypertension. Hypertension 32:198\u2013204","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1994.1098","volume":"26","author":"CG Brilla","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brilla CG, Zhou G, Matsubara L, Weber KT (1994) Collagen metabolism in cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts: response to angiotensin II and aldosterone. J Mol Cell Cardiol 26:809\u2013820","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"107_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000048189.58449.F7","volume":"107","author":"R Caballero","year":"2003","unstructured":"Caballero R, Moreno I, Gonzalez T, Arias C, Valenzuela C, Delpon E, Tamargo J (2003) Spironolactone and its main metabolite, canrenoic acid, block human ether-a-go-go-related gene channels. Circulation 107:889\u2013895","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031545","volume":"89","author":"LA Calo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Calo LA, Zaghetto F, Pagnin E, Davis PA, De Mozzi P, Sartorato P, Martire G, Fiore C, Armanini D (2004) Effect of aldosterone and glycyrrhetinic acid on the protein expression of PAI-1 and p22(phox) in human mononuclear leukocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:1973\u20131976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200105000-00006","volume":"37","author":"G Cargnelli","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cargnelli G, Trevisi L, Debetto P, Luciani S, Bova S (2001) Effects of canrenone on aorta and right ventricle of the rat. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 37:540\u2013547","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"107_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220943","volume":"144","author":"AJ Casal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Casal AJ, Silvestre JS, Delcayre C, Capponi AM (2003) Expression and modulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein messenger ribonucleic acid in rat cardiocytes and after myocardial infarction. Endocrinology 144:1861\u20131868","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706220","volume":"145","author":"W Chai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chai W, Garrelds IM, Arulmani U, Schoemaker RG, Lamers JMJ, Danser AHJ (2005a) Genomic and non-genomic effects of aldosterone in the rat heart: why is spironolactone cardioprotective? Br J Pharmacol 145:664\u2013671","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"107_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000182661.98259.4f","volume":"46","author":"W Chai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chai W, Garrelds IM, de Vries R, Batenburg WW, van Kats JP, Danser AHJ (2005b) Nongenomic effects of aldosterone in the human heart. Interaction with Angiotensin II. Hypertension 46:701\u2013706","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"suppl II","key":"107_CR19","first-page":"356","volume":"112","author":"W Chai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chai W, van Schaik RHN, van Fessem MA, Kofflard MJM, ten Cate FJ, Danser AHJ (2005c) Aldosterone and cardiac hypertrophy in subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 112 (suppl II):356 (Abstract)","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000205831.39339.a5","volume":"47","author":"W Chai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chai W, Garrelds IM, de Vries R, Danser AHJ (2006) Cardioprotective effects of eplerenone in the rat heart: interaction with locally synthesized or blood-derived aldosterone? Hypertension 47:665\u2013670","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00178-4","volume":"35","author":"AHJ Danser","year":"2003","unstructured":"Danser AHJ (2003) Local renin-angiotensin systems: the unanswered questions. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 35:759\u2013768","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"107_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.24.1.37","volume":"24","author":"AHJ Danser","year":"1994","unstructured":"Danser AHJ, van Kats JP, Admiraal PJJ, Derkx FHM, Lamers JMJ, Verdouw PD, Saxena PR, Schalekamp MADH (1994) Cardiac renin and angiotensins. Uptake from plasma versus in situ synthesis. Hypertension 24:37\u201348","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.1.220","volume":"96","author":"AHJ Danser","year":"1997","unstructured":"Danser AHJ, van Kesteren CAM, Bax WA, Tavenier M, Derkx FHM, Saxena PR, Schalekamp MADH (1997) Prorenin, renin, angiotensinogen, and angiotensin-converting enzyme in normal and failing human hearts. Evidence for renin binding. Circulation 96:220\u2013226","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00971.x","volume":"57","author":"ER de Kloet","year":"2000","unstructured":"de Kloet ER, van Acker SA, Sibug RM, Oitzl MS, Meijer OC, Rahmouni K, de Jong W (2000) Brain mineralocorticoid receptors and centrally regulated functions. Kidney Int 57:1329\u20131336","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"107_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.29.6.1240","volume":"29","author":"LM de Lannoy","year":"1997","unstructured":"de Lannoy LM, Danser AHJ, van Kats JP, Schoemaker RG, Saxena PR, Schalekamp MADH (1997) Renin-angiotensin system components in the interstitial fluid of the isolated perfused rat heart. Local production of angiotensin I. Hypertension 29:1240\u20131251","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01689-3","volume":"39","author":"CA Farquharson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Farquharson CA, Struthers AD (2002) Gradual reactivation over time of vascular tissue angiotensin I to angiotensin II conversion during chronic lisinopril therapy in chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 39:767\u2013775","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"107_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.521625","volume":"111","author":"A Fiebeler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fiebeler A, Nussberger J, Shagdarsuren E, Rong S, Hilfenhaus G, Al-Saadi N, Dechend R, Wellner M, Meiners S, Maser-Gluth C, Jeng AY, Webb RL, Luft FC, M\u00fcller DN (2005) Aldosterone synthase inhibitor ameliorates angiotensin II-induced organ damage. Circulation 111:3087\u20133094","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000171184.84077.80","volume":"46","author":"M Fujita","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fujita M, Minamino T, Asanuma H, Sanada S, Hirata A, Wakeno M, Myoishi M, Okuda H, Ogai A, Okada K, Tsukamoto O, Koyama H, Hori M, Kitakaze M (2005) Aldosterone nongenomically worsens ischemia via protein kinase C-dependent pathways in hypoperfused canine hearts. Hypertension 46:113\u2013117","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0004","volume":"26","author":"JW Funder","year":"2005","unstructured":"Funder JW (2005a) The nongenomic actions of aldosterone. Endocr Rev 26:313\u2013321","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"107_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.12.010","volume":"93","author":"JW Funder","year":"2005","unstructured":"Funder JW (2005b) RALES, EPHESUS and redox. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 93:121\u2013125","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"107_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1031","volume":"90","author":"S Ganapathipillai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ganapathipillai S, Laval G, Hoffmann IS, Castejon AM, Nicod J, Dick B, Frey FJ, Frey BM, Cubeddu LX, Ferrari P (2005) CYP11B2-CYP11B1 haplotypes associated with decreased 11 beta-hydroxylase activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1220\u20131225","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi070","volume":"26","author":"N Glorioso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Glorioso N, Filigheddu F, Parpaglia PP, Soro A, Troffa C, Argiolas G, Mulatero P (2005) 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity is associated with left ventricular mass in essential hypertension. Eur Heart J 26:498\u2013504","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"107_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1210\/en.138.8.3369","volume":"138","author":"CE Gomez-Sanchez","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gomez-Sanchez CE, Zhou MY, Cozza EN, Morita H, Foecking MF, Gomez-Sanchez EP (1997) Aldosterone biosynthesis in the rat brain. Endocrinology 138:3369\u20133373","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4796","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0295","volume":"145","author":"EP Gomez-Sanchez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gomez-Sanchez EP, Ahmad N, Romero DG, Gomez-Sanchez CE (2004) Origin of aldosterone in the rat heart. Endocrinology 145:4796\u20134802","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000161990.98383.ad","volume":"45","author":"M Gonzalez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gonzalez M, Lobos L, Castillo F, Galleguillos L, Lopez NC, Michea L (2005) High-salt diet inhibits expression of angiotensin type 2 receptor in resistance arteries. Hypertension 45:853\u2013859","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F699","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00133.2002","volume":"283","author":"DW Good","year":"2002","unstructured":"Good DW, George T, Watts BA 3rd (2002) Aldosterone inhibits HCO absorption via a nongenomic pathway in medullary thick ascending limb. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 283:F699\u2013706","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"107_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6237","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1042","volume":"90","author":"A Hagendorf","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hagendorf A, Koper JW, de Jong FH, Brinkmann AO, Lamberts SWJ, Feelders RA (2005) Expression of the human glucocorticoid receptor splice variants alpha, beta, and P in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in healthy controls and in patients with hyper- and hypocortisolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:6237\u20136243","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1998.00308.x","volume":"244","author":"A Hautanena","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hautanena A, Lankinen L, Kupari M, Janne OA, Adlercreutz H, Nikkila H, White PC (1998) Associations between aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism and the adrenocortical function in males. J Intern Med 244:11\u201318","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"107_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000068340.96506.0F","volume":"107","author":"M Hayashi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hayashi M, Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Tsutsui T, Ishii C, Ohno K, Fujii M, Taniguchi A, Hamatani T, Nozato Y, Kataoka K, Morigami N, Ohnishi M, Kinoshita M, Horie M (2003) Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 107:2559\u20132565","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000186833.79243.67","volume":"23","author":"KF Hilgers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hilgers KF, Schmidt BM (2005) Gene variants of aldosterone synthase and hypertension. J Hypertens 23:1957\u20131959","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"107_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000159937.05502.d1","volume":"96","author":"IZ Jaffe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jaffe IZ, Mendelsohn ME (2005) Angiotensin II and aldosterone regulate gene transcription via functional mineralocortocoid receptors in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 96:643\u2013650","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"107_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000030935.89559.04","volume":"106","author":"UP Jorde","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jorde UP, Vittorio T, Katz SD, Colombo PC, Latif F, Le Jemtel TH (2002) Elevated plasma aldosterone levels despite complete inhibition of the vascular angiotensin-converting enzyme in chronic heart failure. Circulation 106:1055\u20131057","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0870","volume":"90","author":"B Keavney","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keavney B, Mayosi B, Gaukrodger N, Imrie H, Baker M, Fraser R, Ingram M, Watkins H, Farrall M, Davies E, Connell J (2005) Genetic variation at the locus encompassing 11-beta hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase accounts for heritability in cortisol precursor (11-deoxycortisol) urinary metabolite excretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1072\u20131077","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000093188.53554.44","volume":"108","author":"SL Liu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liu SL, Schmuck S, Chorazcyzewski JZ, Gros R, Feldman RD (2003) Aldosterone regulates vascular reactivity: short-term effects mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent nitric oxide synthase activation. Circulation 108:2400\u20132406","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.71.3.503","volume":"71","author":"M Lomb\u00e8s","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lomb\u00e8s M, Oblin ME, Gasc JM, Baulieu EE, Farman N, Bonvalet JP (1992) Immunohistochemical and biochemical evidence for a cardiovascular mineralocorticoid receptor. Circ Res 71:503\u2013510","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"107_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1210\/en.135.3.834","volume":"135","author":"M Lomb\u00e8s","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lomb\u00e8s M, Kenouch S, Souque A, Farman N, Rafestin-Oblin ME (1994) The mineralocorticoid receptor discriminates aldosterone from glucocorticoids independently of the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Endocrinology 135:834\u2013840","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.2.175","volume":"92","author":"M Lomb\u00e8s","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lomb\u00e8s M, Alfaidy N, Eugene E, Lessana A, Farman N, Bonvalet JP (1995) Prerequisite for cardiac aldosterone action. Mineralocorticoid receptor and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the human heart. Circulation 92:175\u2013182","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(02)00250-9","volume":"83","author":"R L\u00f6sel","year":"2002","unstructured":"L\u00f6sel R, Feuring M, Wehling M (2002) Non-genomic aldosterone action: from the cell membrane to human physiology. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 83:167\u2013171","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"107_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.017368","volume":"90","author":"JE Macdonald","year":"2004","unstructured":"Macdonald JE, Kennedy N, Struthers AD (2004) Effects of spironolactone on endothelial function, vascular angiotensin converting enzyme activity, and other prognostic markers in patients with mild heart failure already taking optimal treatment. Heart 90:765\u2013770","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"107_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000131860.80444.AB","volume":"109","author":"I Mazak","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mazak I, Fiebeler A, M\u00fcller DN, Park JK, Shagdarsuren E, Lindschau C, Dechend R, Viedt C, Pilz B, Haller H, Luft FC (2004) Aldosterone potentiates angiotensin II-induced signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation 109:2792\u20132800","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1130","volume":"146","author":"L Michea","year":"2005","unstructured":"Michea L, Delpiano AM, Hitschfeld C, Lobos L, Lavandero S, Marusic ET (2005) Eplerenone blocks nongenomic effects of aldosterone on the Na+\/H+ exchanger, intracellular Ca2+ levels, and vasoconstriction in mesenteric resistance vessels. Endocrinology 146:973\u2013980","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-1137","volume":"145","author":"AS Mihailidou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mihailidou AS, Mardini M, Funder JW (2004) Rapid, nongenomic effects of aldosterone in the heart mediated by epsilon protein kinase C. Endocrinology 145:773\u2013780","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1159\/000139412","volume":"53","author":"D Moreau","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moreau D, Chardigny JM, Rochette L (1996) Effects of aldosterone and spironolactone on the isolated perfused rat heart. Pharmacology 53:28\u201336","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"107_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000203772.78696.67","volume":"47","author":"K Nagata","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nagata K, Obata K, Xu J, Ichihara S, Noda A, Kimata H, Kato T, Izawa H, Murohara T, Yokota M (2006) Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and failure in low-aldosterone hypertensive rats. Hypertension 47:656\u2013664","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000143072.36782.51","volume":"110","author":"S Nakamura","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nakamura S, Yoshimura M, Nakayama M, Ito T, Mizuno Y, Harada E, Sakamoto T, Saito Y, Nakao K, Yasue H, Ogawa H (2004) Possible association of heart failure status with synthetic balance between aldosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in human heart. Circulation 110:1787\u20131793","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00263.x","volume":"67","author":"H Oberleithner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oberleithner H (2005) Aldosterone makes human endothelium stiff and vulnerable. Kidney Int 67:1680\u20131682","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"107_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000123572.45556.a5","volume":"43","author":"H Oberleithner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oberleithner H, Ludwig T, Riethmuller C, Hillebrand U, Albermann L, Schafer C, Shahin V, Schillers H (2004) Human endothelium: target for aldosterone. Hypertension 43:952\u2013956","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.503706","volume":"111","author":"A Ouvrard-Pascaud","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ouvrard-Pascaud A, Sainte-Marie Y, Benitah JP, Perrier R, Soukaseum C, Cat AN, Royer A, Le Quang K, Charpentier F, Demolombe S, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Beggah AT, Maison-Blanche P, Oblin ME, Delcayre C, Fishman GI, Farman N, Escoubet B, Jaisser F (2005) Conditional mineralocorticoid receptor expression in the heart leads to life-threatening arrhythmias. Circulation 111:3025\u20133033","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","volume":"341","author":"B Pitt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J, Wittes J (1999) The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 341:709\u2013717","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"107_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030207","volume":"348","author":"B Pitt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, Neaton J, Martinez F, Roniker B, Bittman R, Hurley S, Kleiman J, Gatlin M (2003) Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 348:1309\u20131321","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"107_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000080521.15238.E5","volume":"93","author":"W Qin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Qin W, Rudolph AE, Bond BR, Rocha R, Blomme EA, Goellner JJ, Funder JW, McMahon EG (2003) Transgenic model of aldosterone-driven cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Circ Res 93:69\u201376","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"107_CR62","first-page":"H1706","volume":"280","author":"JJ Saris","year":"2001","unstructured":"Saris JJ, Derkx FHM, de Bruin RJA, Dekkers DHW, Lamers JMJ, Saxena PR, Schalekamp MADH, Danser AHJ (2001) High-affinity prorenin binding to cardiac man-6-P\/IGF-II receptors precedes proteolytic activation to renin. Am J Physiol 280:H1706\u2013H1715","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"107_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4145","DOI":"10.1210\/en.137.10.4145","volume":"137","author":"A Sato","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sato A, Funder JW (1996) High glucose stimulates aldosterone-induced hypertrophy via type I mineralocorticoid receptors in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Endocrinology 137:4145\u20134153","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3410","DOI":"10.1210\/en.138.8.3410","volume":"138","author":"A Sato","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sato A, Liu JP, Funder JW (1997) Aldosterone rapidly represses protein kinase C activity in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in vitro. Endocrinology 138:3410\u20133416","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"107_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000083298.23119.16","volume":"42","author":"BMW Schmidt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schmidt BMW, Oehmer S, Delles C, Bratke R, Schneider MP, Klingbeil A, Fleischmann EH, Schmieder RE (2003) Rapid nongenomic effects of aldosterone on human forearm vasculature. Hypertension 42:156\u2013160","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.77.1.24","volume":"77","author":"H Schunkert","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schunkert H, Hense HW, Muscholl M, Luchner A, K\u00fcrzinger S, Danser AHJ, Riegger GA (1997) Associations between circulating components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and left ventricular mass. Heart 77:24\u201331","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"107_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.17.2255","volume":"99","author":"H Schunkert","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Holmer SR, Broeckel U, Luchner A, Muscholl MW, Kurzinger S, Doring A, Hense HW, Riegger GA (1999) Lack of association between a polymorphism of the aldosterone synthase gene and left ventricular structure. Circulation 99:2255\u20132260","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4883","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.9.4883","volume":"273","author":"JS Silvestre","year":"1998","unstructured":"Silvestre JS, Robert V, Heymes C, Aupetit-Faisant B, Mouas C, Moalic JM, Swynghedauw B, Delcayre C (1998) Myocardial production of aldosterone and corticosterone in the rat. Physiological regulation. J Biol Chem 273:4883\u20134891","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"107_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.08.034","volume":"43","author":"P Stella","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stella P, Bigatti G, Tizzoni L, Barlassina C, Lanzani C, Bianchi G, Cusi D (2004) Association between aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) polymorphism and left ventricular mass in human essential hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 43:265\u2013270","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"107_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64454-9","volume":"161","author":"Y Sun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sun Y, Zhang J, Lu L, Chen SS, Quinn MT, Weber KT (2002) Aldosterone-induced inflammation in the rat heart: role of oxidative stress. Am J Pathol 161:1773\u20131781","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"107_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000204635.75748.0f","volume":"26","author":"J Suzuki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suzuki J, Iwai M, Mogi M, Oshita A, Yoshii T, Higaki J, Horiuchi M (2006) Eplerenone with valsartan effectively reduces atherosclerotic lesion by attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:917\u2013921","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"107_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000184640.81730.22","volume":"46","author":"S Takai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takai S, Jin D, Muramatsu M, Kirimura K, Sakonjo H, Miyazaki M (2005) Eplerenone inhibits atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates. Hypertension 46:1135\u20131139","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.2.170","volume":"25","author":"Y Takeda","year":"1995","unstructured":"Takeda Y, Miyamori I, Yoneda T, Iki K, Hatakeyama H, Blair IA, Hsieh FY, Takeda R (1995) Production of aldosterone in isolated rat blood vessels. Hypertension 25:170\u2013173","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.29.1.45","volume":"29","author":"Y Takeda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Takeda Y, Miyamori I, Inaba S, Furukawa K, Hatakeyama H, Yoneda T, Mabuchi H, Takeda R (1997) Vascular aldosterone in genetically hypertensive rats. Hypertension 29:45\u201348","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.4.495","volume":"36","author":"Y Takeda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Takeda Y, Yoneda T, Demura M, Miyamori I, Mabuchi H (2000) Cardiac aldosterone production in genetically hypertensive rats. Hypertension 36:495\u2013500","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C541","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2000.279.3.C541","volume":"279","author":"AG Therien","year":"2000","unstructured":"Therien AG, Blostein R (2000) Mechanisms of sodium pump regulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279:C541\u2013566","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"107_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000051875.41849.25","volume":"23","author":"B Tom","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tom B, Garrelds IM, Scalbert E, Stegmann APA, Boomsma F, Saxena PR, Danser AHJ (2003) ACE- versus chymase-dependent angiotensin II generation in human coronary arteries: a matter of efficiency? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:251\u2013256","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"107_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000121426.43044.2B","volume":"109","author":"N Tsybouleva","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsybouleva N, Zhang L, Chen S, Patel R, Lutucuta S, Nemoto S, DeFreitas G, Entman M, Carabello BA, Roberts R, Marian AJ (2004) Aldosterone, through novel signaling proteins, is a fundamental molecular bridge between the genetic defect and the cardiac phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 109:1284\u20131291","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200629020-00006","volume":"29","author":"CS van der Hooft","year":"2006","unstructured":"van der Hooft CS, Sturkenboom MC, van Grootheest K, Kingma HJ, Stricker BH (2006) Adverse drug reaction-related hospitalisations: a nationwide study in The Netherlands. Drug Saf 29:161\u2013168","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"107_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.1.73","volume":"98","author":"JP van Kats","year":"1998","unstructured":"van Kats JP, Danser AHJ, van Meegen JR, Sassen LM, Verdouw PD, Schalekamp MADH (1998) Angiotensin production by the heart: a quantitative study in pigs with the use of radiolabeled angiotensin infusions. Circulation 98:73\u201381","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.13.1556","volume":"102","author":"JP van Kats","year":"2000","unstructured":"van Kats JP, Duncker DJ, Haitsma DB, Schuijt MP, Niebuur R, Stubenitsky R, Boomsma F, Schalekamp MADH, Verdouw PD, Danser AHJ (2000) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade prevent cardiac remodeling in pigs after myocardial infarction: role of tissue angiotensin II. Circulation 102:1556\u20131563","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"107_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000034738.79310.06","volume":"40","author":"A Virdis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Virdis A, Neves MF, Amiri F, Viel E, Touyz RM, Schiffrin EL (2002) Spironolactone improves angiotensin-induced vascular changes and oxidative stress. Hypertension 40:504\u2013510","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-005-2347-z","volume":"10","author":"M Wehling","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wehling M (2005) Effects of aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor blockade on intracellular electrolytes. Heart Fail Rev 10:39\u201346","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"107_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.76.6.973","volume":"76","author":"M Wehling","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wehling M, Neylon CB, Fullerton M, Bobik A, Funder JW (1995) Nongenomic effects of aldosterone on intracellular Ca2+ in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 76:973\u2013979","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"107_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2452","volume":"90","author":"PC White","year":"2005","unstructured":"White PC, Rainey WE (2005) Editorial: polymorphisms in CYP11B genes and 11-hydroxylase activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1252\u20131255","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000140771.21243.ed","volume":"44","author":"F Xiao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xiao F, Puddefoot JR, Barker S, Vinson GP (2004) Mechanism for aldosterone potentiation of angiotensin II-stimulated rat arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Hypertension 44:340\u2013345","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"107_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01243-8","volume":"37","author":"KM Yee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yee KM, Pringle SD, Struthers AD (2001) Circadian variation in the effects of aldosterone blockade on heart rate variability and QT dispersion in congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 37:1800\u20131807","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"107_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5121","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.11.5121","volume":"86","author":"MJ Young","year":"2001","unstructured":"Young MJ, Clyne CD, Cole TJ, Funder JW (2001) Cardiac steroidogenesis in the normal and failing heart. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:5121\u20135126","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"107_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001203420301","volume":"342","author":"S Yusuf","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, Bosch J, Davies R, Dagenais G (2000) Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 342:145\u2013153","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T16:23:17Z","timestamp":1630426997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-006-0107-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2006","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2006","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 October 2006","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}