{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:59:00Z","timestamp":1788469140282,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018778","name":"Al-Azhar University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018778","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Liver diseases represent a formidable global health threat. Hesperidin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, is the source of diosmin (DS). The in vivo and in vitro investigations of the pharmacological effects of DS reveal that it exhibits tremendous beneficial effects, such as fighting against inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. These effects have been noticed in various disease models, emphasizing the potential therapeutic value of DS in tackling diverse pathological conditions. Interestingly, DS has promising liver-defense capabilities against a range of hepatic illnesses, such as radiation-induced hepatic injury, liver ischemia\/reperfusion injury, alcoholic hepatic disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, DS demonstrates potential hepatoprotective effects against environmental toxins, such as heavy metals. DS activates PPAR-\u03b3 and Nrf2, leading to antioxidant effects that reduce oxidative stress. Moreover, DS suppresses NF-\u03baB, NLRP3, MAPK activities, and cytokine production (TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2), resulting in inflammation suppression. These anti-inflammatory effects are attributed to the activation of PPAR-\u03b3 and Nrf2, which are NF-\u03baB inhibitors. This review aims to comprehensively discuss the hepatoprotective capacity of DS, elucidating the underlying mechanisms and identifying several research avenues that warrant further exploration to ascertain the prospective clinical advantages of DS intake as a viable strategy for the treatment of hepatic illnesses.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T06:55:32Z","timestamp":1724396132000},"page":"279-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Hepatoprotective effects of diosmin: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"398","author":[{"given":"Emad H. M.","family":"Hassanein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanan S.","family":"Althagafy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Baraka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i6.846","volume":"7","author":"SM Abd El-Kader","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abd El-Kader SM, El-Den Ashmawy EM (2015) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the diagnosis and management. World J Hepatol 7(6):846\u2013858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4254\/wjh.v7.i6.846","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3281670","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3281670","volume":"2017","author":"MM Abdel-Daim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abdel-Daim MM, Khalifa HA, Abushouk AI, Dkhil MA, Al-Quraishy SA (2017) Diosmin attenuates methotrexate-induced hepatic, renal, and cardiac injury: a biochemical and histopathological study in mice. Oxidative Med Cell Longev 2017(1):3281670","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"8","key":"3297_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2015.08.002","volume":"117","author":"AA Abdel-Hamid","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdel-Hamid AA, Firgany Ael D (2015) Vitamin E supplementation ameliorates aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Acta Histochem 117(8):767\u2013779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acthis.2015.08.002","journal-title":"Acta Histochem"},{"issue":"9","key":"3297_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12966","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12966","volume":"43","author":"MS A\u011f\u0131r","year":"2019","unstructured":"A\u011f\u0131r MS, Eraslan G (2019) The effect of diosmin against liver damage caused by cadmium in rats. J Food Biochem 43(9):e12966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jfbc.12966","journal-title":"J Food Biochem"},{"key":"3297_CR5","first-page":"1783","volume":"39","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Mundhe N, Borgohain M, Chowdhury L, Kwatra M, Bolshette N, Ahmed A, Lahkar MJI (2016) Diosmin Modulates the NF-kB Signal Transduction Pathways and Downregulation of Various Oxidative Stress Markers in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy 39:1783\u20131797","journal-title":"Diosmin Modulates the NF-kB Signal Transduction Pathways and Downregulation of Various Oxidative Stress Markers in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-015-9569-6","volume":"40","author":"V Aiko","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aiko V, Mehta A (2015) Occurrence, detection and detoxification of mycotoxins. J Biosci 40(5):943\u2013954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12038-015-9569-6","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"key":"3297_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.07.027","volume":"120","author":"FE Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali FE, Azouz AA, Bakr AG, Abo-Youssef AM, Hemeida RAJF, Toxicology C (2018a) Hepatoprotective effects of diosmin and\/or sildenafil against cholestatic liver cirrhosis: the role of Keap-1\/Nrf-2 and P38-MAPK\/NF-\u03baB\/iNOS signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 120:294\u2013304","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"3297_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.05.048","volume":"207","author":"FE Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali FE, Bakr AG, Abo-Youssef AM, Azouz AA, Hemeida RAM (2018b) Targeting Keap-1\/Nrf-2 pathway and cytoglobin as a potential protective mechanism of diosmin and pentoxifylline against cholestatic liver cirrhosis. Life Sci 207:50\u201360","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR9","first-page":"870125","volume":"2011","author":"EM Alissa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alissa EM, Ferns GA (2011) Heavy metal poisoning and cardiovascular disease. J Toxicol 2011(1):870125","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16020274","volume":"16","author":"M Andjelkovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andjelkovic M, Buha Djordjevic A, Antonijevic E, Antonijevic B, Stanic M, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Jovanovic M, Boricic N, Wallace DJ (2019) Toxic effect of acute cadmium and lead exposure in rat blood, liver, and kidney. IJERPH 16(2):274","journal-title":"IJERPH"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.08.032","volume":"274","author":"V Androutsopoulos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Androutsopoulos V, Wilsher N, Arroo RR, Potter GA (2009) Bioactivation of the phytoestrogen diosmetin by CYP1 cytochromes P450. Cancer Lett 274(1):54\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.08.032","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"3297_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0145-7","volume":"16","author":"QM Anstee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anstee QM, Reeves HL, Kotsiliti E, Govaere O, Heikenwalder M (2019) From NASH to HCC: current concepts and future challenges. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 16(7):411\u2013428","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0122417","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122417","volume":"10","author":"HH Arab","year":"2015","unstructured":"Arab HH, Salama SA, Omar HA, Arafa E-SA, Maghrabi IA (2015) Diosmin protects against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats: novel anti-ulcer actions. PLoS ONE 10(3):e0122417","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50087","volume":"124","author":"GE Arteel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arteel GE (2003) Oxidants and antioxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. Gastroenterology 124(3):778\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2003.50087","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.04.005","volume":"145","author":"SK Asrani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Asrani SK, Larson JJ, Yawn B, Therneau TM, Kim WRJG (2013) Underestimation of liver-related mortality in the United States. Gastroenterology 145(2):375-382. e372","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","volume":"70","author":"SK Asrani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Asrani SK, Devarbhavi H, Eaton J, Kamath PS (2019) Burden of liver diseases in the world. J Hepatol 70(1):151\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"3297_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173008","volume":"873","author":"AG Bakr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bakr AG, El-Bahrawy AH, Taha HH, Ali FEJEJ, o. P. (2020) Diosmin enhances the anti-angiogenic activity of sildenafil and pentoxifylline against hepatopulmonary syndrome via regulation of TNF-\u03b1\/VEGF, IGF-1\/PI3K\/AKT, and FGF-1\/ANG-2 signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 873:173008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"3297_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balogh J, Victor D III, Asham EH, Burroughs SG, Boktour M, Saharia A, Monsour HP Jr (2016) Hepatocellular carcinoma: a review. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 41\u201353","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S61146"},{"issue":"15","key":"3297_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199704103361506","volume":"336","author":"PJ Barnes","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barnes PJ, Karin M (1997) Nuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases. N Engl J Med 336(15):1066\u20131071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm199704103361506","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR20","first-page":"2042","volume":"95","author":"D Barreca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barreca D, Lagan\u00e0 G, Bruno G, Magaz\u00f9 S, Bellocco EJB (2013) Diosmin Binding to Human Serum Albumin and Its Preventive Action against Degradation Due to Oxidative Injuries 95(11):2042\u20132049","journal-title":"Diosmin Binding to Human Serum Albumin and Its Preventive Action against Degradation Due to Oxidative Injuries"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/014860710603000145","volume":"30","author":"S Bengmark","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bengmark S, Nutrition E (2006) Curcumin, An atoxic antioxidant and natural Nf\u03baB, cyclooxygenase-2, lipooxygenase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor: A shield against acute and chronic diseases. J Parenter Enter Nutr 30(1):45\u201351","journal-title":"J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.056","volume":"149","author":"LA Beste","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beste LA, Leipertz SL, Green PK, Dominitz JA, Ross D, Ioannou GN (2015) Trends in burden of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma by underlying liver disease in US veterans, 2001\u20132013. Gastroenterology 149(6):1471-1482. e1475","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"3297_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109207","volume":"118","author":"S Bhattacharyya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bhattacharyya S, Pal S, Mohamed R, Singh P, Chattopadhyay S, China SP, Porwal K, Sanyal S, Gayen JR, Chattopadhyay N (2019) A nutraceutical composition containing diosmin and hesperidin has osteogenic and anti-resorptive effects and expands the anabolic window of teriparatide. Biomed Pharmacother 118:109207","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR24","first-page":"1934578X1300800","volume":"8","author":"A Bogucka-Kocka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bogucka-Kocka A, Wo\u017aniak M, Feldo M, Kocki J, Szewczyk K (2013) Diosmin\u2013isolation techniques, determination in plant material and pharmaceutical formulations, and clinical use. Nat Product Commun 8(4):1934578X1300800435","journal-title":"Nat Product Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01758-4","volume":"393","author":"M Bozda\u011f","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bozda\u011f M, Eraslan G (2020) The effect of diosmin against lead exposure in rats(\u2021). Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 393(4):639\u2013649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-019-01758-4","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1269","volume":"303","author":"BU Bradford","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bradford BU, Seed CB, Handler JA, Forman DT, Thurman RG (1993) Evidence that catalase is a major pathway of ethanol oxidation in vivo: dose-response studies in deer mice using methanol as a selective substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys 303(1):172\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/abbi.1993.1269","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2005.03.009","volume":"35","author":"PJ Brooks","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brooks PJ, Theruvathu JA (2005) DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: implications for alcohol-related carcinogenesis. Alcohol 35(3):187\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2005.03.009","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"3297_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355517692221","volume":"32","author":"R Bush","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bush R, Comerota A, Meissner M, Raffetto JD, Hahn SR, Freeman KJP (2017) Recommendations for the medical management of chronic venous disease: the role of micronized purified flavanoid fraction (MPFF) recommendations from the Working Group in Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) 2016. Phlebology 32(1_suppl):3\u201319","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215519829797","volume":"33","author":"A Cacchio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cacchio A, Di Carlo G, Vincenza C, Elisabetta DB (2019) Effectiveness and safety of a mixture of diosmin, coumarin and arbutin (Linfadren\u00ae) in addition to conventional treatment in the management of patients with post-trauma\/surgery persistent hand edema: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 33(5):904\u2013912","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2009.09.012","volume":"51","author":"MA Campanero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Campanero MA, Escolar M, Perez G, Garcia-Quetglas E, Sadaba B, Azanza JR (2010) Simultaneous determination of diosmin and diosmetin in human plasma by ion trap liquid chromatography\u2013atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 51(4):875\u2013881","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"3297_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8263463","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8263463","volume":"2016","author":"AI Carballo-Villalobos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carballo-Villalobos AI, Gonz\u00e1lez-Trujano ME, Pellicer F, L\u00f3pez-Mu\u00f1oz FJ (2016) Antihyperalgesic effect of hesperidin improves with diosmin in experimental neuropathic pain. Biomed Res Int 2016:8263463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/8263463","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"3297_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.03.035","volume":"215","author":"P Castellv\u00ed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Castellv\u00ed P, Lucas-Romero E, Miranda-Mendiz\u00e1bal A, Par\u00e9s-Badell O, Almenara J, Alonso I, Blasco M, Cebri\u00e0 A, Gabilondo A, Gili M (2017) Longitudinal association between self-injurious thoughts and behaviors and suicidal behavior in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 215:37\u201348","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"3297_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1016\/s0891-5849(01)00741-9","volume":"31","author":"AI Cederbaum","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cederbaum AI (2001) Introduction-serial review: alcohol, oxidative stress and cell injury. Free Radic Biol Med 31(12):1524\u20131526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0891-5849(01)00741-9","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-009-0432-0","volume":"83","author":"AI Cederbaum","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cederbaum AI, Lu Y, Wu D (2009) Role of oxidative stress in alcohol-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol 83(6):519\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-009-0432-0","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.1061","volume":"17","author":"S Cheemerla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheemerla S, Balakrishnan M (2021) Global epidemiology of chronic liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 17(5):365","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"3297_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2019.05.030","volume":"1124","author":"X Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen X, Xu L, Guo S, Wang Z, Jiang L, Wang F, Zhang J, Liu B (2019) Profiling and comparison of the metabolites of diosmetin and diosmin in rat urine, plasma and feces using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS(n). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 1124:58\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2019.05.030","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.10.018","volume":"127","author":"H Clevers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Clevers H (2006) Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling in development and disease. Cell 127(3):469\u2013480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2006.10.018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6037","key":"3297_CR38","first-page":"1519","volume":"332","author":"JC Cohen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cohen JC, Horton JD, Hobbs HHJS (2011) Human Fatty Liver Disease: Old Questions and New Insights 332(6037):1519\u20131523","journal-title":"Human Fatty Liver Disease: Old Questions and New Insights"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR39","first-page":"29","volume":"30","author":"D Cova","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cova D, De Angelis L, Giavarini F, Palladini G, Perego R (1992) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oral diosmin in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 30(1):29\u201333","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.06.036","volume":"122","author":"CM Croce","year":"2005","unstructured":"Croce CM, Calin GA (2005) miRNAs, cancer, and stem cell division. Cell 122(1):6\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2005.06.036","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"9","key":"3297_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-014-1312-9","volume":"88","author":"V Dohnal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dohnal V, Wu Q, Ku\u010da K (2014) Metabolism of aflatoxins: key enzymes and interindividual as well as interspecies differences. Arch Toxicol 88(9):1635\u20131644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-014-1312-9","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.11.149","volume":"132","author":"TD Dung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dung TD, Lin C-H, Binh TV, Hsu H-H, Su C-C, Lin Y-M, Tsai C-H, Tsai F-J, Kuo W-W, Chen L-M (2012) Diosmin induces cell apoptosis through protein phosphatase 2A activation in HA22T human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and blocks tumour growth in xenografted nude mice. Food Chem 132(4):2065\u20132073","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2016.02.004","volume":"20","author":"W Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn W, Shah VH (2016) Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 20(3):445\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2016.02.004","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2507","volume":"17","author":"HK Eltzschig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eltzschig HK, Eckle T (2011) Ischemia and reperfusion\u2014from mechanism to translation. Nat Med 17(11):1391\u20131401","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"3297_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.20763","volume":"28","author":"G Eraslan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Aslan \u00d6, Karabacak M (2013) The antioxidant effects of pumpkin seed oil on subacute aflatoxin poisoning in mice. Environ Toxicol 28(12):681\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.20763","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"issue":"36","key":"3297_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27931","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0232-7","volume":"24","author":"G Eraslan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eraslan G, Sar\u0131ca ZS, Bayram L, Tekeli MY, Kanbur M, Karabacak M (2017) The effects of diosmin on aflatoxin-induced liver and kidney damage. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 24(36):27931\u201327941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-017-0232-7","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026013394831","volume":"1","author":"N Ercal","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ercal N, Gurer-Orhan H, Aykin-Burns N (2001) Toxic metals and oxidative stress part I: mechanisms involved in metal-induced oxidative damage. Curr Top Med Chem 1(6):529\u2013539","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR48","first-page":"367","volume":"58","author":"M E\u015frefog\u02c7lu","year":"2007","unstructured":"E\u015frefog\u02c7lu M, G\u00fcl M, Dog\u02c7ru MI, Dog\u02c7ru A, Y\u00fcrekli MJE, Pathology T (2007) Adrenomedullin Fails to Reduce Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver 58(5):367\u2013374","journal-title":"Adrenomedullin Fails to Reduce Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23280","volume":"51","author":"E Fabbrini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fabbrini E, Sullivan S, Klein S (2010) Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: biochemical, metabolic, and clinical implications. Hepatol 51(2):679\u2013689","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1017\/S002966511100084X","volume":"70","author":"B Fielding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fielding B (2011) Tracing the fate of dietary fatty acids: metabolic studies of postprandial lipaemia in human subjects. Proc Nutr Soc 70(3):342\u2013350","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.08.040","volume":"28","author":"SM Firdous","year":"2021","unstructured":"Firdous SM, Hazra S, Gopinath SCB, El-Desouky GE, Aboul-Soud MAM (2021) Antihyperlipidemic potential of diosmin in Swiss Albino mice with high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia. Saudi J Biol Sci 28(1):109\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.08.040","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR52","first-page":"501","volume":"128","author":"S Flora","year":"2008","unstructured":"Flora S, Mittal M, Mehta A (2008) Heavy metal induced oxidative stress & its possible reversal by chelation therapy. Indian J Med Res 128(4):501","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2478\/v10102-012-0009-2","volume":"5","author":"G Flora","year":"2012","unstructured":"Flora G, Gupta D, Tiwari A (2012) Toxicity of lead: a review with recent updates. Interdiscip Toxicol 5(2):47","journal-title":"Interdiscip Toxicol"},{"key":"3297_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freag MS, Elnaggar YS, Abdallah OY (2013) Lyophilized phytosomal nanocarriers as platforms for enhanced diosmin delivery: optimization and ex vivo permeation. Int J Nanomedicine 2385\u20132397","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S45231"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/10915810290096649","volume":"21","author":"A Furst","year":"2002","unstructured":"Furst A (2002) Can nutrition affect chemical toxicity. Int J Toxicol 21(5):419\u2013424","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR56","first-page":"2567","volume":"149","author":"P Galluzzo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Galluzzo P, Ascenzi P, Bulzomi P, Marino MJE (2008) The Nutritional Flavanone Naringenin Triggers Antiestrogenic Effects by Regulating Estrogen Receptor \u03b1-Palmitoylation 149(5):2567\u20132575","journal-title":"The Nutritional Flavanone Naringenin Triggers Antiestrogenic Effects by Regulating Estrogen Receptor \u03b1-Palmitoylation"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.1168","volume":"91","author":"R Garner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garner R, Garner J, Gregory S, Whattam M, Calam A, Leong D (2002) Comparison of the absorption of micronized (Daflon 500\u00ae mg) and nonmicronized 14C-diosmin tablets after oral administration to healthy volunteers by accelerator mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting. J Pharm Sci 91(1):32\u201340","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR58","first-page":"72","volume":"1","author":"A Gaur","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gaur A, Bhatia AL (2009) Modulation of phosphatase levels in mice liver by genistein treatment against radiation exposure [original article]. Pharmacog Res 1(2):72\u201379","journal-title":"Pharmacog Res"},{"key":"3297_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115101","volume":"401","author":"SH Gerges","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gerges SH, Wahdan SA, Elsherbiny DA, El-Demerdash E (2020) Diosmin ameliorates inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis in an experimental model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 401:115101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115101","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-021-00731-y","volume":"47","author":"SH Gerges","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gerges SH, Wahdan SA, Elsherbiny DA, El-Demerdash E (2022) Pharmacology of diosmin, a citrus flavone glycoside: an updated review. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 47(1):1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13318-021-00731-y","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"9","key":"3297_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1080\/15459624.2011.601710","volume":"8","author":"P Gottesfeld","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gottesfeld P, Pokhrel AK (2011) Lead exposure in battery manufacturing and recycling in developing countries and among children in nearby communities. J Occup Environ Hygiene 8(9):520\u2013532","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Hygiene"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7041285","volume":"7","author":"R Guo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Guo R, Ren J (2010) Alcohol and acetaldehyde in public health: from marvel to menace. Int J Environ Res Public Health 7(4):1285\u20131301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph7041285","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527315666160321111829","volume":"15","author":"Z Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo Z, Yu S, Chen X, Ye R, Zhu W, Liu X (2016) NLRP3 is involved in ischemia\/reperfusion injury. CNSNDDT 15(6):699\u2013712","journal-title":"CNSNDDT"},{"key":"3297_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v13i6.18","volume":"13","author":"M Hajimahmoodi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hajimahmoodi M, Moghaddam G, Mousavi S, Sadeghi N, Oveisi MR, Jannat B (2014) Total antioxidant activity, and hesperidin, diosmin, eriocitrin and quercetin contents of various lemon juices. Trop J Pharm Res 13:951\u2013956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/tjpr.v13i6.18","journal-title":"Trop J Pharm Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1139\/bcb-2016-0142","volume":"95","author":"HF Hasan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hasan HF, Abdel-Rafei MK, Galal SM (2017) Diosmin attenuates radiation-induced hepatic fibrosis by boosting PPAR-\u03b3 expression and hampering miR-17-5p-activated canonical Wnt-\u03b2-catenin signaling. Biochem Cell Biol 95(3):400\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/bcb-2016-0142","journal-title":"Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"47","key":"3297_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67863","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-15184-8","volume":"28","author":"EH Hassanein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hassanein EH, Khader HF, Elmansy RA, Seleem HS, Elfiky M, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Ali FE, Abd-Elhamid TH (2021) Umbelliferone alleviates hepatic ischemia\/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress injury via targeting Keap-1\/Nrf-2\/ARE and TLR4\/NF-\u03baB-p65 signaling pathway. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(47):67863\u201367879","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12739","volume":"44","author":"CC Hsu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hsu CC, Lin MH, Cheng JT, Wu MC (2017) Antihyperglycaemic action of diosmin, a citrus flavonoid, is induced through endogenous \u03b2-endorphin in type I-like diabetic rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 44(5):549\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1440-1681.12739","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i11.1448","volume":"17","author":"H-G Huang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huang H-G, Re W-N, Fan K, Chu H, Wang Y-R, Wen H (2011) How we can improve patients\u2019 comfort after Milligan-Morgan open haemorrhoidectomy. WJG 17(11):1448","journal-title":"WJG"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202733","volume":"191","author":"H Huang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huang H, Chen H-W, Evankovich J, Yan W, Rosborough BR, Nace GW, Ding Q, Loughran P, Beer-Stolz D, Billiar TR (2013) Histones activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in Kupffer cells during sterile inflammatory liver injury. J Immunol 191(5):2665\u20132679","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26058","volume":"88","author":"LA Hughes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hughes LA, Arts IC, Ambergen T, Brants HA, Dagnelie PC, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA, Weijenberg MP (2008) Higher dietary flavone, flavonol, and catechin intakes are associated with less of an increase in BMI over time in women: a longitudinal analysis from the Netherlands Cohort Study. Am J Clin Nutr 88(5):1341\u20131352","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10051076","volume":"10","author":"E Huwait","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huwait E, Mobashir M (2022) Potential and therapeutic roles of diosmin in human diseases. Biomedicines 10(5):1076","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260621","volume":"26","author":"Y Iimuro","year":"1997","unstructured":"Iimuro Y, Gallucci RM, Luster MI, Kono H, Thurman RG (1997) Antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alfa attenuate hepatic necrosis and inflammation caused by chronic exposure to ethanol in the rat. Hepatology 26(6):1530\u20131537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510260621","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2013.08.015","volume":"37","author":"DK Ingawale","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK, Naik SR (2014) Models of hepatotoxicity and the underlying cellular, biochemical and immunological mechanism(s): a critical discussion. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 37(1):118\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.etap.2013.08.015","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"3297_CR74","first-page":"707","volume":"29","author":"M Ivashev","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ivashev M, Andreeva O, Bandyukova V, Dragaleva TJPCJ (1995) Isolation of Diosmin from Plants of the Genus Vicia and Hyssop Us Officinalis and Its Influence on Blood Coagulation 29:707\u2013709","journal-title":"Isolation of Diosmin from Plants of the Genus Vicia and Hyssop Us Officinalis and Its Influence on Blood Coagulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-4964(14)60001-7","volume":"12","author":"D Jain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jain D, Bansal MK, Dalvi R, Upganlawar A, Somani R (2014) Protective effect of diosmin against diabetic neuropathy in experimental rats. J Integr Med 12(1):35\u201341","journal-title":"J Integr Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR76","first-page":"634","volume":"23","author":"I Jochmans","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jochmans I, Meurisse N, Neyrinck A, Verhaegen M, Monbaliu D, Pirenne JJLT (2017) Hepatic Ischemia\/reperfusion Injury Associates with Acute Kidney Injury in Liver Transplantation: Prospective Cohort Study 23(5):634\u2013644","journal-title":"Hepatic Ischemia\/reperfusion Injury Associates with Acute Kidney Injury in Liver Transplantation: Prospective Cohort Study"},{"key":"3297_CR77","first-page":"6","volume":"25","author":"H Johnson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnson H, Kovats RS, McGregor G, Stedman J, Gibbs M, Walton H, Cook L, Black E (2005) The impact of the 2003 heat wave on mortality and hospital admissions in England. Health Stat Q 25:6","journal-title":"Health Stat Q"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"3297_CR78","first-page":"65","volume":"283","author":"K Jomova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jomova K, Valko MJT (2011) Advances in Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress and Human Disease 283(2\u20133):65\u201387","journal-title":"Advances in Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress and Human Disease"},{"issue":"10","key":"3297_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03562-9","volume":"97","author":"K Jomova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jomova K, Raptova R, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Valko M (2023) Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: Chronic diseases and aging. Arch Toxicol 97(10):2499\u20132574","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2003.10.005","volume":"42","author":"M Jurczuk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jurczuk M, Brz\u00f3ska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J, Ga\u0142a\u017cyn-Sidorczuk M, Kulikowska-Karpi\u0144ska E (2004) Antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cadmium and ethanol. Food Chem Toxicol 42(3):429\u2013438","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3297_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24292","volume":"303","author":"EO Kamel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kamel EO, Hassanein EH, Ahmed MA, Ali FE (2020) Perindopril ameliorates hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via regulation of NF-\u03baB-p65\/TLR-4, JAK1\/STAT-3, Nrf-2, and PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathways. Anat Rec 303(7):1935\u20131949","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2015.02.005","volume":"104","author":"M Karabacak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karabacak M, Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Sar\u0131ca ZS (2015) Effects of Tarantula cubensis D6 on aflatoxin-induced injury in biochemical parameters in rats. Homeopathy 104(3):205\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.homp.2015.02.005","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-013-9804-7","volume":"155","author":"S Karaca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karaca S, Eraslan G (2013) The effects of flaxseed oil on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 155(3):423\u2013430","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.12.085","volume":"367","author":"C Kordes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kordes C, Sawitza I, H\u00e4ussinger D (2008) Canonical Wnt signaling maintains the quiescent stage of hepatic stellate cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 367(1):116\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.12.085","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-005-9017-2","volume":"284","author":"A Koyu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koyu A, Gokcimen A, Ozguner F, Bayram DS, Kocak A (2006) Evaluation of the effects of cadmium on rat liver. Mol Cell Biochem 284(1):81\u201385","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"33","key":"3297_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3721","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867321666140716093838","volume":"21","author":"H Kozlowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kozlowski H, Kolkowska P, Watly J, Krzywoszynska K, Potocki S (2014) General aspects of metal toxicity. Curr Med Chem 21(33):3721\u20133740","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/s0034-5288(02)00191-1","volume":"74","author":"P Larsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Larsson P, Persson E, Tyd\u00e9n E, Tj\u00e4lve H (2003) Cell-specific activation of aflatoxin B1 correlates with presence of some cytochrome P450 enzymes in olfactory and respiratory tissues in horse. Res Vet Sci 74(3):227\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0034-5288(02)00191-1","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"issue":"93","key":"3297_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16013","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB12.2665","volume":"11","author":"N Layachi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Layachi N, Kechrid Z (2012) Combined protective effect of vitamins C and E on cadmium induced oxidative liver injury in rats. Afr J Biotechnol 11(93):16013\u201316020","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR89","first-page":"79","volume":"19","author":"M Lenkovic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lenkovic M, Zgombic ZS, Blazic TM, Brajac I, Perisa D (2012) Benefit of Daflon 500 mg in the reduction of chronic venous disease-related symptoms. Phlebolymphology 19(2):79\u201383","journal-title":"Phlebolymphology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008","volume":"34","author":"CS Lieber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lieber CS (2004) Alcoholic fatty liver: its pathogenesis and mechanism of progression to inflammation and fibrosis. Alcohol 34(1):9\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2004.10.005","volume":"9","author":"CS Lieber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lieber CS (2005) Metabolism of alcohol. Clin Liver Dis 9(1):1\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2004.10.005","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"3297_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18038","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18038","volume":"5","author":"M Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu M, Xu Y, Han X, Yin L, Xu L, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Liu K, Peng J (2015) Dioscin alleviates alcoholic liver fibrosis by attenuating hepatic stellate cell activation via the TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Sci Rep 5:18038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep18038","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR93","first-page":"81","volume":"119","author":"J Londo\u00f1o-Londo\u00f1o","year":"2010","unstructured":"Londo\u00f1o-Londo\u00f1o J, de Lima VR, Lara O, Gil A, Pasa TBC, Arango GJ, Pineda JRRJFC (2010) Clean Recovery of Antioxidant Flavonoids from Citrus Peel: Optimizing an Aqueous Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method 119(1):81\u201387","journal-title":"Clean Recovery of Antioxidant Flavonoids from Citrus Peel: Optimizing an Aqueous Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method"},{"key":"3297_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2020.104622","volume":"113","author":"S Mahgoub","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahgoub S, Sallam AO, Sarhan HKA, Ammar AAA, Soror SH (2020) Role of diosmin in protection against the oxidative stress induced damage by gamma-radiation in Wistar albino rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 113:104622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yrtph.2020.104622","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"3297_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2019.07.007","volume":"60","author":"AR Mahmoud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahmoud AR, Ali FE, Abd-Elhamid TH, Hassanein EH (2019) Coenzyme Q10 protects hepatocytes from ischemia reperfusion-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress via regulation of Bax\/Bcl-2\/PUMA and Nrf-2\/FOXO-3\/Sirt-1 signaling pathways. Tissue Cell 60:1\u201313","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR96","first-page":"237","volume":"43","author":"MF Mahomoodally","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahomoodally MF, Gurib-Fakim A, Subratty AHJPB (2005) Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Endemic Medicinal Plants of Mauritius 43(3):237\u2013242","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Endemic Medicinal Plants of Mauritius"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR97","first-page":"53","volume":"55","author":"\u017d Maksimovi\u0107","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maksimovi\u0107 \u017d, Maksimovi\u0107 M, Jadranin D, Kuzmanovi\u0107 I, Andonovi\u0107 OJACI (2008) Medicamentous Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency Using Semisynthetic Diosmin: a Prospective Study 55(4):53\u201359","journal-title":"Medicamentous Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency Using Semisynthetic Diosmin: a Prospective Study"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.08.007","volume":"22","author":"V Manne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manne V, Handa P, Kowdley KV (2018) Pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease\/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis 22(1):23\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.08.007","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.06.043","volume":"147","author":"F Marra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marra F, Tacke F (2014) Roles for chemokines in liver disease. Gastroenterology 147(3):577-594.e571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.06.043","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"3297_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979404500614","volume":"45","author":"OC Meyer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Meyer OC (1994) Safety and security of Daflon 500 mg in venous insufficiency and in hemorrhoidal disease. Angiology 45(6 Pt 2):579\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000331979404500614","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01472-8","volume":"52","author":"E Middleton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Middleton E, Kandaswami C, Theoharides TC (2000) The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer. Pharmacol Rev 52(4):673\u2013751","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200220666191105121653","volume":"20","author":"R Mohi-Ud-Din","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohi-Ud-Din R, Mir RH, Sawhney G, Dar MA, Bhat ZA (2019) Possible pathways of hepatotoxicity caused by chemical agents. Curr Drug Metab 20(11):867\u2013879","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0145-y","volume":"12","author":"AA Mokdad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mokdad AA, Lopez AD, Shahraz S, Lozano R, Mokdad AH, Stanaway J, Murray CJ, Naghavi M (2014) Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis. BMC Med 12(1):1\u201324","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4468","volume":"24","author":"SP Monga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Monga SP (2018) Lipid metabolic reprogramming in hepatic ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury. Nat Med 24(1):6\u20137","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3297_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2020.119295","volume":"249","author":"E Mrkali\u0107","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mrkali\u0107 E, Jeli\u0107 R, Stojanovi\u0107 S, Sovrli\u0107 M (2021) Interaction between olanzapine and human serum albumin and effect of metal ions, caffeine and flavonoids on the binding: A spectroscopic study. Mol Biomol Spectrosc 249:119295","journal-title":"Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.42.21","volume":"42","author":"CK Nair","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nair CK, Parida DK, Nomura T (2001) Radioprotectors in radiotherapy. J Radiat Res 42(1):21\u201337","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300402","volume":"30","author":"AA Nanji","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nanji AA, Jokelainen K, Rahemtulla A, Miao L, Fogt F, Matsumoto H, Tahan SR, Su GL (1999) Activation of nuclear factor kappa B and cytokine imbalance in experimental alcoholic liver disease in the rat. Hepatology 30(4):934\u2013943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510300402","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"18","key":"3297_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2016.06.053","volume":"24","author":"L Naso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Naso L, Mart\u00ednez VR, Lezama L, Salado C, Valcarcel M, Ferrer EG, Williams PAM (2016) Antioxidant, anticancer activities and mechanistic studies of the flavone glycoside diosmin and its oxidovanadium(IV) complex. Interactions with bovine serum albumin. Bioorg Med Chem 24(18):4108\u20134119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bmc.2016.06.053","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem"},{"key":"3297_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D506","DOI":"10.2741\/niemela","volume":"4","author":"O Niemel\u00e4","year":"1999","unstructured":"Niemel\u00e4 O (1999) Aldehyde-protein adducts in the liver as a result of ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Front Biosci 4:D506-513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2741\/niemela","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"3297_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7791","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24097791","volume":"24","author":"A Odriozola","year":"2023","unstructured":"Odriozola A, Santos-Laso A, Del Barrio M, Cabezas J, Iruzubieta P, Arias-Loste MT, Rivas C, Duque JCR, Ant\u00f3n \u00c1, F\u00e1brega E (2023) Fatty liver disease, metabolism and alcohol interplay: a comprehensive review. Int J Mol Sci 24(9):7791","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3297_CR111","first-page":"13","volume":"4","author":"JC Ozougwu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozougwu JC (2017) Physiology of the liver. Int J Res Pharm Biosci 4(8):13\u201324","journal-title":"Int J Res Pharm Biosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3297_CR112","first-page":"849","volume":"13","author":"P Pandey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pandey P, Rahman M, Bhatt PC, Beg S, Paul B, Hafeez A, Al-Abbasi FA, Nadeem MS, Baothman O, Anwar FJN (2018) Implication of Nano-Antioxidant Therapy for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using PLGA Nanoparticles of Rutin 13(8):849\u2013870","journal-title":"Implication of Nano-Antioxidant Therapy for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using PLGA Nanoparticles of Rutin"},{"issue":"10","key":"3297_CR113","first-page":"RA329","volume":"11","author":"NC Papanikolaou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Papanikolaou NC, Hatzidaki EG, Belivanis S, Tzanakakis GN, Tsatsakis AM (2005) Lead toxicity update A brief review. Med Sci Monit 11(10):RA329","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"3297_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-013-1595-3","volume":"19","author":"K Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel K, Gadewar M, Tahilyani V, Patel DK (2013) A review on pharmacological and analytical aspects of diosmetin: a concise report. Chin J Integr Med 19:792\u2013800","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"3297_CR115","unstructured":"Patrick L (2006) Lead Toxicity, a review of the literature. Part I: Exposure, Evaluation, and treatment. Altern Med Rev 11(1)"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3297_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-018-3339-3","volume":"449","author":"S Perumal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perumal S, Langeshwaran K, Selvaraj J, Ponnulakshmi R, Shyamaladevi B, Balasubramanian MP (2018) Effect of diosmin on apoptotic signaling molecules in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in experimental rats. Mol Cell Biochem 449(1\u20132):27\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-018-3339-3","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1258\/0007142001902888","volume":"56","author":"JI Pitt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pitt JI (2000) Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins. Br Med Bull 56(1):184\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/0007142001902888","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"3297_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.03.146","volume":"102","author":"M Po\u00f3r","year":"2018","unstructured":"Po\u00f3r M, Boda G, Mohos V, Kuzma M, B\u00e1lint M, Het\u00e9nyi C, Bencsik T (2018) Pharmacokinetic interaction of diosmetin and silibinin with other drugs: Inhibition of CYP2C9-mediated biotransformation and displacement from serum albumin. Biomed Pharmacother 102:912\u2013921","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23276","volume":"51","author":"K Promrat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Promrat K, Kleiner DE, Niemeier HM, Jackvony E, Kearns M, Wands JR, Fava JL, Wing RR (2010) Randomized controlled trial testing the effects of weight loss on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 51(1):121\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.23276","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7869\/tg.385","volume":"38","author":"P Puri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Puri P (2017) NAFLD therapy and monitoring disease progression. Trop Gastroenterol 38(1):1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7869\/tg.385","journal-title":"Trop Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2010.04.011","volume":"89","author":"S Rawal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rawal S, Kim JE, Coulombe R Jr (2010) Aflatoxin B1 in poultry: toxicology, metabolism and prevention. Res Vet Sci 89(3):325\u2013331","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"3297_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02227-9","volume":"20","author":"CA Rice-Evans","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Paganga G (1996) Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radic Biol Med 20(7):933\u2013956","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/35.5.458","volume":"35","author":"J Rintala","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rintala J, Jaatinen P, Parkkila S, Sarviharju M, Kiianmaa K, Hervonen A, Niemel\u00e4 O (2000) Evidence of acetaldehyde-protein adduct formation in rat brain after lifelong consumption of ethanol. Alcohol Alcohol 35(5):458\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/alcalc\/35.5.458","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"3297_CR124","unstructured":"Ros C, Mwanri L (2003) Lead exposure, interactions and toxicity: food for thought. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 12(4)"},{"issue":"46","key":"3297_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45777","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301977200","volume":"278","author":"V Rotter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rotter V, Nagaev I, Smith U (2003) Interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and is, like IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, overexpressed in human fat cells from insulin-resistant subjects. J Biol Chem 278(46):45777\u201345784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M301977200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3297_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-083012-123702","volume":"4","author":"LV Roze","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roze LV, Hong SY, Linz JE (2013) Aflatoxin biosynthesis: current frontiers. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 4:293\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-food-083012-123702","journal-title":"Annu Rev Food Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3297_CR127","first-page":"2174","volume":"23","author":"R Russo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Russo R, Chandradhara D, De Tommasi NJM (2018) Comparative Bioavailability of Two Diosmin Formulations after Oral Administration to Healthy Volunteers 23(9):2174","journal-title":"Comparative Bioavailability of Two Diosmin Formulations after Oral Administration to Healthy Volunteers"},{"key":"3297_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rusyniak DE, Arroyo A, Acciani J, Froberg B, Kao L, Furbee B (2010) Heavy metal poisoning: management of intoxication and antidotes. Mol Clin Environ Toxicol: Clin Toxicol 2:365\u2013396","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-8338-1_11"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.38.127","volume":"38","author":"T Sakai","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sakai T (2000) Biomarkers of lead exposure. Ind Health 38(2):127\u2013142","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"issue":"28","key":"3297_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4850","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712803341520","volume":"19","author":"V S\u00e1nchez-Valle","year":"2012","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Valle V, Chavez-Tapia NC, UribeM\u00e9ndez-S\u00e1nchez MN (2012) Role of oxidative stress and molecular changes in liver fibrosis: a review. CMC 19(28):4850\u20134860","journal-title":"CMC"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12178","volume":"91","author":"FW Sanders","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanders FW, Griffin JL (2016) De novo lipogenesis in the liver in health and disease: more than just a shunting yard for glucose. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 91(2):452\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/brv.12178","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1515\/REVEH.2009.24.1.15","volume":"24","author":"T Sanders","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sanders T, Liu Y, Buchner V, Tchounwou PB (2009) Neurotoxic effects and biomarkers of lead exposure: a review. Rev Environ Health 24(1):15\u201346","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9453","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7115475","volume":"7","author":"C Saponaro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saponaro C, Gaggini M, Carli F, Gastaldelli A (2015) The subtle balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis: a critical point in metabolic homeostasis. Nutrients 7(11):9453\u20139474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu7115475","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1663","volume":"13","author":"E Seki","year":"2007","unstructured":"Seki E, De Minicis S, Osterreicher CH, Kluwe J, Osawa Y, Brenner DA, Schwabe RF (2007) TLR4 enhances TGF-beta signaling and hepatic fibrosis. Nat Med 13(11):1324\u20131332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1663","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"3297_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2008.01.028","volume":"16","author":"H Serra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Serra H, Mendes T, Bronze M, Simpl\u00edcio AL (2008) Prediction of intestinal absorption and metabolism of pharmacologically active flavones and flavanones. Bioorg Med Chem 16(7):4009\u20134018","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327117694075","volume":"37","author":"A Shalkami","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shalkami A, Hassan M, Bakr AG (2018) Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity of diosmin in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis. Hum Exp Toxicol 37(1):78\u201386","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"3297_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.122895","volume":"126","author":"SW Shan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shan SW, Fang L, Shatseva T, Rutnam ZJ, Yang X, Du W, Lu WY, Xuan JW, Deng Z, Yang BB (2013) Mature miR-17-5p and passenger miR-17-3p induce hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PTEN, GalNT7 and vimentin in different signal pathways. J Cell Sci 126(Pt 6):1517\u20131530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.122895","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1211520","volume":"32","author":"Y Shelygin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shelygin Y, Krivokapic Z, Frolov S, Kostarev I, Astashov V, Vasiliev S, Lakhin A, Rodoman G, Soloviev A, Stoyko YM (2016) Clinical acceptability study of micronized purified flavonoid fraction 1000 mg tablets versus 500 mg tablets in patients suffering acute hemorrhoidal disease. Curr Med Res Opin 32(11):1821\u20131826","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"24","key":"3297_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9682","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249682","volume":"21","author":"L Shojaie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shojaie L, Iorga A, Dara L (2020) Cell death in liver diseases: a review. Int J Mol Sci 21(24):9682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21249682","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"25","key":"3297_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-013-7237-y","volume":"405","author":"L Silvestro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Silvestro L, Tarcomnicu I, Dulea C, Attili NR, Ciuca V, Peru D, Rizea Savu S (2013) Confirmation of diosmetin 3-O-glucuronide as major metabolite of diosmin in humans, using micro-liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion mobility mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 405(25):8295\u20138310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-013-7237-y","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-011-0038-3","volume":"44","author":"H S\u00f6ylemez","year":"2012","unstructured":"S\u00f6ylemez H, Kili\u00e7 S, Atar M, Penbeg\u00fcl N, Sancaktutar AA, Bozkurt Y (2012) Effects of micronised purified flavonoid fraction on pain, semen analysis and scrotal color Doppler parameters in patients with painful varicocele; results of a randomized placebo-controlled study. Int Urol Nephrol 44(2):401\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-011-0038-3","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2011.10.003","volume":"195","author":"S Srinivasan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Srinivasan S, Pari LJC-BI (2012) Ameliorative effect of diosmin, a citrus flavonoid against streptozotocin-nicotinamide generated oxidative stress induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 195(1):43\u201351","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"issue":"244","key":"3297_CR143","first-page":"188","volume":"41","author":"A Staniewska","year":"2016","unstructured":"Staniewska A (2016) Safety of use of micronized diosmin at daily doses up to 2000 mg per day. Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski: Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego 41(244):188\u2013191","journal-title":"Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski: Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.04.004","volume":"220","author":"M Tahir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tahir M, Rehman MU, Lateef A, Khan AQ, Khan R, Qamar W, O\u2019Hamiza O, Ali F, Hasan SK, Sultana S (2013a) Diosmin abrogates chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis via alleviation of oxidative stress, hyperproliferative and inflammatory markers in murine model. Toxicol Lett 220(3):205\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.04.004","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"3297_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2012.12.010","volume":"47","author":"M Tahir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tahir M, Rehman MU, Lateef A, Khan R, Khan AQ, Qamar W, Ali F, O\u2019Hamiza O, Sultana S (2013b) Diosmin protects against ethanol-induced hepatic injury via alleviation of inflammation and regulation of TNF-\u03b1 and NF-\u03baB activation. Alcohol 47(2):131\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2012.12.010","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(03)00265-0","volume":"145","author":"S Tandon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tandon S, Singh S, Prasad S, Khandekar K, Dwivedi V, Chatterjee M, Mathur N (2003) Reversal of cadmium induced oxidative stress by chelating agent, antioxidant or their combination in rat. Toxicol Lett 145(3):211\u2013217","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"issue":"10","key":"3297_CR147","first-page":"545","volume":"112","author":"Y Tanrikulu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tanrikulu Y, Kismet K, Serin Kilicoglu S, Devrim E, Erel S, Sen Tanrikulu C, Dinc S, Edebal OH, Erdemli E, Akkus MA (2011) Diosmin ameliorates intestinal injury induced by hepatic ischemia reperfusion in rats. Bratisl Lek Listy 112(10):545\u2013551","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"4","key":"3297_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2013.2305","volume":"13","author":"Y Tanrikulu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tanrikulu Y, Sahin M, Kismet K, Kilicoglu SS, Devrim E, Tanrikulu CS, Erdemli E, Erel S, Bayraktar K, Akkus MA (2013) The protective effect of diosmin on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury: an experimental study. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 13(4):218\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17305\/bjbms.2013.2305","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"3297_CR149","first-page":"133","volume":"3","author":"PB Tchounwou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ (2012) Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Environ Toxicol 3:133\u2013164","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2012.203","volume":"10","author":"J Thariat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thariat J, Hannoun-Levi JM, Sun Myint A, Vuong T, G\u00e9rard JP (2013) Past, present, and future of radiotherapy for the benefit of patients. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10(1):52\u201360","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4373","volume":"234","author":"X Tu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tu X, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao S, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Zhu J, Chen J, Dong L, Zang Y, Zhang J (2014) MicroRNA-101 suppresses liver fibrosis by targeting the TGF\u03b2 signalling pathway. J Pathol 234(1):46\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/path.4373","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"14","key":"3297_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.05.064","volume":"27","author":"NJ Vickers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vickers NJ (2017) Animal communication: when i\u2019m calling you, will you answer too? Curr Biol 27(14):R713\u2013R715","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.01.017","volume":"233","author":"G Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang G, Fowler BA (2008) Roles of biomarkers in evaluating interactions among mixtures of lead, cadmium and arsenic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 233(1):92\u201399","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3297_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/s0027-5107(99)00017-2","volume":"424","author":"JS Wang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wang JS, Groopman JD (1999) DNA damage by mycotoxins. Mutat Res 424(1\u20132):167\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0027-5107(99)00017-2","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"issue":"19","key":"3297_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3690","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201600437","volume":"39","author":"S Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang S, Li X, Niu Y, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Lu X, Fan X, Zhang X, Wang Y (2016) Identification and screening of chemical constituents with hepatoprotective effects from three traditional Chinese medicines for treating jaundice. J Sep Sci 39(19):3690\u20133699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jssc.201600437","journal-title":"J Sep Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.116.073619","volume":"45","author":"L Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang L, Chen Q, Zhu L, Li Q, Zeng X, Lu L, Hu M, Wang X, Liu Z (2017) Metabolic disposition of luteolin is mediated by the interplay of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and catechol-O-methyltransferases in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 45(3):306\u2013315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.116.073619","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"7","key":"3297_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4609","volume":"14","author":"MJ Waring","year":"2015","unstructured":"Waring MJ, Arrowsmith J, Leach AR, Leeson PD, Mandrell S, Owen RM, Pairaudeau G, Pennie WD, Pickett SD, Wang J, Wallace O, Weir A (2015) An analysis of the attrition of drug candidates from four major pharmaceutical companies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 14(7):475\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd4609","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"3297_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/17.6.471","volume":"17","author":"CP Wild","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wild CP, Turner PC (2002) The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis 17(6):471\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mutage\/17.6.471","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1009","volume":"34","author":"KH Williams","year":"2013","unstructured":"Williams KH, Shackel NA, Gorrell MD, McLennan SV, Twigg SM (2013) Diabetes and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: a pathogenic duo. Endocr Rev 34(1):84\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2012-1009","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530802563850","volume":"41","author":"Q Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K (2009) Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev 41(1):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03602530802563850","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR161","first-page":"1","volume":"107","author":"C Xu","year":"1996","unstructured":"Xu C, Johnson JE, Singh PK, Jones MM, Yan H, Carter CEJT (1996) In Vivo Studies of Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis in Testicular Tissue of the Rat and Its Modulation by a Chelating Agent 107(1):1\u20138","journal-title":"In Vivo Studies of Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis in Testicular Tissue of the Rat and Its Modulation by a Chelating Agent"},{"key":"3297_CR162","first-page":"50","volume":"384","author":"M-Y Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu M-Y, Wang P, Sun Y-J, Wu Y-JJT (2017) Metabolomic Analysis for Combined Hepatotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos and Cadmium in Rats 384:50\u201358","journal-title":"Metabolomic Analysis for Combined Hepatotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos and Cadmium in Rats"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00023.2017","volume":"98","author":"M Yamamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamamoto M, Kensler TW, Motohashi H (2018) The KEAP1-NRF2 system: a thiol-based sensor-effector apparatus for maintaining redox homeostasis. Physiol Rev 98(3):1169\u20131203","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.109","volume":"15","author":"Z Younossi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Younossi Z, Anstee QM, Marietti M, Hardy T, Henry L, Eslam M, George J, Bugianesi E (2018) Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention. Nat Rev Gastroenterology Hepatol 15(1):11\u201320","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterology Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6447","volume":"7","author":"F Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu F, Lu Z, Huang K, Wang X, Xu Z, Chen B, Dong P, Zheng J (2016) MicroRNA-17\u20135p-activated Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway contributes to the progression of liver fibrosis. Oncotarget 7(1):81\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.6447","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.21402","volume":"26","author":"MF Zafeer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zafeer MF, Waseem M, Chaudhary S, Parvez S (2012) Cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and its abrogation by thymoquinone. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26(5):199\u2013205","journal-title":"J Biochem Mol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3297_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-008X(02)00021-2","volume":"186","author":"RK Zalups","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zalups RK, Ahmad S (2003) Molecular handling of cadmium in transporting epithelia. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 186(3):163\u2013188","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3297_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0166239","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166239","volume":"11","author":"X Zeng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeng X, Shi J, Zhao M, Chen Q, Wang L, Jiang H, Luo F, Zhu L, Lu L, Wang X, Liu Z (2016) Regioselective glucuronidation of diosmetin and chrysoeriol by the interplay of glucuronidation and transport in UGT1A9-overexpressing HeLa cells. PLoS ONE 11(11):e0166239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0166239","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0733-y","volume":"11","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Hlady RA, Joyce BT, Robertson KD, He C, Nannini DR, Kibbe WA, Achenbach CJ, Murphy RL, Roberts LR (2019) DNA methylation of individual repetitive elements in hepatitis C virus infection-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 11(1):1\u201313","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"3297_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8472","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO01598A","volume":"11","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Zhang R, Shi W, Li L, Liu H, Chen Z, Wu L (2020) Metabolism and pharmacological activities of the natural health-benefiting compound diosmin. Food Funct 11(10):8472\u20138492","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"issue":"5","key":"3297_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3767","volume":"39","author":"L Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu L, Duan P, Hu X, Wang Y, Chen C, Wan J, Dai M, Liang X, Li J, Tan Y (2019) Exposure to cadmium and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induce biochemical changes in rat liver, spleen, lung and kidney as determined by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Appl Toxixol 39(5):783\u2013797","journal-title":"J Appl Toxixol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3297_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02255972","volume":"8","author":"T Zima","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zima T, Fialov\u00e1 L, Mestek O, Janebov\u00e1 M, Crkovsk\u00e1 J, Malbohan I, St\u00edpek S, Mikul\u00edkov\u00e1 L, Popov P (2001) Oxidative stress, metabolism of ethanol and alcohol-related diseases. J Biomed Sci 8(1):59\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02255972","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T09:04:20Z","timestamp":1738400660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"references-count":172,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["3297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-024-03297-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}