{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:55:20Z","timestamp":1776693320674,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005713","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oswald Schmiedeberg was born in one of the former Baltic provinces of Russia. He studied medicine in Dorpat (Tartu) and joined the Institute of Pharmacology of Rudolf Buchheim in Dorpat. After promotion (1866) and habilitation (1868), he succeeded Buchheim as director of the institute. During this time, he further developed the experimental methods leading to the improvement of pharmacological knowledge introduced by Buchheim. In 1872, he became director of the Institute of Pharmakologie of the newly founded Kaiser-Wilhelm University in Strasbourg. He held this position for over 42\u00a0years until the end of the World War 1 when all Germans had to leave the former Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen. He settled next to his friend and colleague Naunyn in Baden-Baden, where he died in 1921. Holmstedt and Liljestrand\u2019s (1963) History of Pharmacology and Toxicology noted, \u201cSchmiedeberg was undoubtedly the most prominent pharmacologist of his time.\u201d He had about 120 pupils, about 40 of them occupied pharmacology chairs throughout the world. In the USA, John Jacob Abel, after his return to the USA, became the \u201cfather of American pharmacology\u201d. In 1873, Schmiedeberg, together with the pathologist Klebs (Prague) and the clinician Naunyn (K\u00f6nigsberg), founded the Archiv f\u00fcr experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. When Naunyn died in 1925, the periodical was named Naunyn\u2013Schmiedeberg\u2019s Archiv, from volume 110 onwards. In 1969, the designation \u201cexperimental pathology\u201d was dropped, since nearly all papers submitted for some time past dealt with pharmacology. In 1883, Schmiedeberg published the <jats:italic>Grundriss der Arzneimittellehre<\/jats:italic>, the later edits with the title <jats:italic>Grundriss der Pharmakologie in Bezug auf Arzneimittellehre und Toxikologie<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03306-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T07:01:47Z","timestamp":1721718107000},"page":"9591-9596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oswald Schmiedeberg (1838\u20131921)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"397","author":[{"given":"Helmut","family":"Greim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"3306_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01830969","volume":"6","author":"G Bunge","year":"1877","unstructured":"Bunge G, Schmiedeberg O (1877) \u00dcber die Bildung der Hippurs\u00e4ure. Arch Exp Path Pharmak 6:233\u2013255","journal-title":"Arch Exp Path Pharmak"},{"key":"3306_CR2","unstructured":"Heubner W (1956) Erinnerungen an Oswald Schmiedeberg. Studienwerk der Freien Universit\u00e4t Berlin E.V. Mitteilungen Nr. 1"},{"key":"3306_CR3","unstructured":"Holmstedt B, Liljestrand G (eds) (1963) Readings in Pharmacology. Pergamon Press Ltd, Oxford"},{"key":"3306_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(78)90099-1","volume":"22","author":"J Koch-Weser","year":"1978","unstructured":"Koch-Weser J, Schechter PJ (1978) Schmiedeberg in Strassburg 1872\u20131918. The making of modern pharmacology. Life Sci 22:1361\u20131372","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"3306_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01929926","volume":"92","author":"HH Meyer","year":"1922","unstructured":"Meyer HH (1922) Schmiedebergs Werk. Arch Exp Path Pharmak 92:1\u201317","journal-title":"Arch Exp Path Pharmak"},{"key":"3306_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15047.x","volume":"116","author":"E Muscholl","year":"1995","unstructured":"Muscholl E (1995) The evolution of experimental pharmacology as a biological science: the pioneering work of Buchheim and Schmiedeberg. Brit J Pharmacol 116:2155\u20132159","journal-title":"Brit J Pharmacol"},{"key":"3306_CR7","first-page":"19","volume":"361","author":"A Philippou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Philippou A, Seifert R (2022) History of pharmacology: 2 \u2013 The Institute of Pharmacology of the University of Strasbourg: genealogy and biographies. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch Pharmacol 361:19\u201333","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"3306_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01807-y","volume":"393","author":"M Pohar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pohar M, Hansson N (2020) The \u201cNobel Population\u201d in pharmacology: Nobel Prize laureates, nominees and nominators 1901\u20131953 with a focus on B. Naunyn and O. Schmiedeberg. Naunyn-Schmeideberg\u2019s Arch Pharmacol 393:1173\u20131185","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmeideberg\u2019s Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"3306_CR9","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O (1870) Untersuchung \u00fcber einige Giftwirkungen am Froschherzen. In: Berichte \u00fcber die Verhandlungen der K\u00f6niglich-S\u00e4chsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Mathematisch-Physische Klasse 22:130-141"},{"key":"3306_CR10","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O (1872) \u00dcber die Innervationsverh\u00e4ltnisse des Hundeherzens. Arbeiten aus der Physiologie: Anstalt zu Leipzig"},{"key":"3306_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01918291","volume":"20","author":"O Schmiedeberg","year":"1886","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O (1886) \u00dcber die pharmakologischen Wirkungen und die therapeutische Anwendung einiger Carbamins\u00e4ureester. Arch Exp Path Pharmak 20:203\u2013216","journal-title":"Arch Exp Path Pharmak"},{"key":"3306_CR12","first-page":"422","volume":"3","author":"O Schmiedeberg","year":"1879","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O, Meyer HH (1879) \u00dcber Stoffwechselprodukte nach Campherf\u00fctterung. Z Physiol Chem 3:422\u2013450","journal-title":"Z Physiol Chem"},{"key":"3306_CR13","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O (1906) Grundri\u00df der Pharmakologie in Bezug auf Arzneimittellehre und Toxikologie. 5. Edition, Vogel, Leipzig (Digital edition)"},{"key":"3306_CR14","unstructured":"Schmiedeberg O (1912) Arzneimittel und Genu\u00dfmittel. 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