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We investigated the nephrotoxic effects of titanium dioxide in Wistar albino rats subjected to oral exposure for 14 days. The rats were categorized into four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098): (1) control (saline solution), (2) exposure to titanium dioxide (30 mg\/kg), (3) exposure to resveratrol (100 mg\/kg), and (4) exposure to both titanium dioxide and resveratrol. The investigations revealed that the administration of titanium dioxide resulted in considerable histological abnormalities and a significant prevalence of apoptotic cells marked by caspase-3 in the titanium dioxide group, with a markedly elevated quantity and strong staining of cells reacting with 4-HN across the tissue in the kidney. Blood serum assessments revealed that BUN and creatinine levels were elevated in the titanium group relative to the other three groups, with a reduction in these levels observed in the group receiving both titanium and resveratrol (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The assessment of oxidative stress markers in kidney tissue revealed that GSH-Px and SOD activity considerably decreased in the titanium dioxide group relative to the other experimental groups. In contrast, MDA levels increased markedly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly elevated in the group receiving both titanium dioxide and resveratrol compared to the titanium dioxide-only group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The analysis of inflammation markers TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 revealed a substantial rise in their levels in the titanium dioxide group compared to the other groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-025-03885-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T07:58:15Z","timestamp":1740383895000},"page":"10415-10427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The role of resveratrol in delivering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic defense against nephrotoxicity generated by titanium dioxide"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"398","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9335-1103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feyza","family":"Basak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7237-1562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tansu","family":"Kusat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4238-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tahir","family":"Kahraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0065-3656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Ersan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"3885_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S192382","volume":"14","author":"E Abbasi-Oshaghi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abbasi-Oshaghi E, Mirzaei F, Pourjafar M (2019) NLRP3 inflammasome, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced in the intestine and liver of rats treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles: in vivo and in vitro study. 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