{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:51:16Z","timestamp":1785297076019,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation General Project","award":["grant number 82360873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant number 82360873"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology Project","award":["No: Qiankeheji-ZK [2022]- General 471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No: Qiankeheji-ZK [2022]- General 471"]}]},{"name":"Construction Task of Graduate Education Innovation Plan Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["Contract No.: YCXKYB2023017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Contract No.: YCXKYB2023017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T02:22:19Z","timestamp":1776046939000},"page":"14237-14254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Combined with network pharmacology, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of coumarins from Chimonanthus praecox extract in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease were investigated"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Shijie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibing","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongsheng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"5225_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu-Elfotuh K, Hamdan AME, Mohamed SA, Bakr RO, Ahmed AH, Atwa AM et al (2024) The potential anti-Alzheimer\u2019s activity of Oxalis corniculata Linn. methanolic extract in experimental rats: role of APOE4\/LRP1, TLR4\/NF-kappabeta\/NLRP3, Wnt 3\/beta-catenin\/GSK-3beta, autophagy and apoptotic cues. J Ethnopharmacol 324: 117731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117731"},{"issue":"5","key":"5225_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01287-w","volume":"31","author":"HH Awad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Awad HH, Desouky MA, Zidan A, Bassem M, Qasem A, Farouk M et al (2023) Neuromodulatory effect of vardenafil on aluminium chloride\/D-galactose induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease in rats: emphasis on amyloid-beta, p-tau, PI3K\/Akt\/p53 pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cellular senescence. Inflammopharmacology 31(5):2653\u20132673","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"12","key":"5225_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.3599","volume":"80","author":"ME Belloy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Belloy ME, Andrews SJ, Le Guen Y, Cuccaro M, Farrer LA, Napolioni V et al (2023) APOE genotype and Alzheimer disease risk across age, sex, and population ancestry. JAMA Neurol 80(12):1284\u20131294","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"5225_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.856376","volume":"13","author":"Y Cai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cai Y, Liu J, Wang B, Sun M, Yang H (2022) Microglia in the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 13:856376","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5225_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.805063","volume":"14","author":"ZA Cope","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cope ZA, Murai T, Sukoff Rizzo SJ (2022) Emerging electroencephalographic biomarkers to improve preclinical to clinical translation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 14:805063","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"5225_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180766","volume":"67","author":"JL Cummings","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cummings JL, Tong G, Ballard C (2019) Treatment combinations for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: current and future pharmacotherapy options. J Alzheimers Dis 67(3):779\u2013794","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"7964","key":"5225_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06120-6","volume":"618","author":"C Depp","year":"2023","unstructured":"Depp C, Sun T, Sasmita AO, Spieth L, Berghoff SA, Nazarenko T et al (2023) Myelin dysfunction drives amyloid-beta deposition in models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature 618(7964):349\u2013357","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01314-6","volume":"15","author":"B Dubois","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dubois B, von Arnim CAF, Burnie N, Bozeat S, Cummings J (2023) Biomarkers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: role in early and differential diagnosis and recognition of atypical variants. Alzheimers Res Ther 15(1):175","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"5225_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.675689","volume":"13","author":"S Frohlich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frohlich S, Kutz DF, Muller K, Voelcker-Rehage C (2021) Characteristics of resting state EEG power in 80+-year-olds of different cognitive status. Front Aging Neurosci 13:675689","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"8006","key":"5225_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07185-7","volume":"628","author":"MS Haney","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haney MS, Palovics R, Munson CN, Long C, Johansson PK, Yip O et al (2024) APOE4\/4 is linked to damaging lipid droplets in Alzheimer\u2019s disease microglia. Nature 628(8006):154\u2013161","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"5225_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01104-7","volume":"25","author":"MT Heneka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Heneka MT, van der Flier WM, Jessen F, Hoozemanns J, Thal DR, Boche D et al (2025) Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Immunol 25(5):321\u2013352","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5225_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2022.08.003","volume":"67","author":"E Hidisoglu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hidisoglu E, Kantar D, Ozdemir S, Yargicoglu P (2022) Cognitive dysfunctions and spontaneous EEG alterations induced by hippocampal amyloid pathology in rats. Adv Med Sci 67(2):328\u2013337","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01441-8","volume":"16","author":"LS Honig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Honig LS, Sabbagh MN, van Dyck CH, Sperling RA, Hersch S, Matta A et al (2024) Updated safety results from phase 3 lecanemab study in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 16(1):105","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"5225_CR14","first-page":"1233","volume":"32","author":"L Hou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hou L, Zhou Y, Ding D, Li Z, Zhu Z, Shan W et al (2024) Mechanism of Miao medicine Chimonanthus alcohol extract on synovial angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis rats via VEGF\/VEGFR2 pathway. Chin J Comp Med 32(10):1233\u20131242","journal-title":"Chin J Comp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-023-00640-5","volume":"18","author":"Y Inoue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Inoue Y, Shue F, Bu G, Kanekiyo T (2023) Pathophysiology and probable etiology of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener 18(1):46","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"issue":"20","key":"5225_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.021","volume":"186","author":"M Jucker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jucker M, Walker LC (2023) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: from immunotherapy to immunoprevention. Cell 186(20):4260\u20134270","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"5225_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim J, Lee HJ, Park SK, Park JH, Jeong HR, Lee S, et al (2021) Donepezil regulates LPS and abeta-stimulated neuroinflammation through MAPK\/NLRP3 inflammasome\/STAT3 signaling. Int J Mol Sci 22(19)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910637"},{"key":"5225_CR18","unstructured":"Li M, Qian H-b (2016) Effects of alcohol extract from root of wintersweet on expression of HIF-1\u03b1, VEGF and MMP-3 in adjuvant arthritis rats. Chin Pharmacol Bull 32(09):1326\u20131327"},{"issue":"3","key":"5225_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020.2012.762766","volume":"15","author":"QJ Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li QJ, Wang ML, Yang XS, Ma L, Hao XJ (2013) Two new coumarin glycosides from Chimonanthus nitens. J Asian Nat Prod Res 15(3):270\u2013275","journal-title":"J Asian Nat Prod Res"},{"issue":"22","key":"5225_CR20","first-page":"6","volume":"28","author":"X Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li X, Lu S, Chen M, Qian H (2019) Effects of alcohol extract from Chimonanthus on pathological changes, blood lipids, and TNF-\u03b1\/IL-6\/IL-18 in myocardial ischemic rats. Chin J Ethnomed Ethnopharm 28(22):6","journal-title":"Chin J Ethnomed Ethnopharm"},{"issue":"9","key":"5225_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5545","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-025-01815-w","volume":"33","author":"AK Mishra","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mishra AK, Sahoo PK, Singh R, Jain S (2025) Tectoridin modulates intertwined molecular pathways in metabolic syndrome: insights from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo studies. Inflammopharmacology 33(9):5545\u20135562","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57304-7","volume":"14","author":"A Pasha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pasha A, Kumar K, Heena SK, Arnold Emerson I, Pawar SC (2024) Inhibition of NF-kB and COX-2 by andrographolide regulates the progression of cervical cancer by promoting PTEN expression and suppressing PI3K\/AKT signalling pathway. Sci Rep 14(1):12020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5225_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184331","author":"L Pinzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pinzi L, Rastelli G (2019) Molecular docking: shifting paradigms in drug discovery. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20184331","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5225_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2025.149840","volume":"1863","author":"LJC Praisthy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Praisthy LJC, Kushwah R, Dubey S, Labhade S, Karwa P, Jain S (2025) Daidzein targets PI3K-Akt signaling and oxidative stress in glioblastoma: an integrated pharmacological and in vitro study. Brain Res 1863:149840","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"5225_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100473","author":"L Qi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Qi L, Zheng F, Tu M, Abdullah R, Zhao Y, Su X et al (2026) Safety profiles of lecanemab: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and real-world evidence. J Prev Alzheimers Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100473","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"5225_CR26","first-page":"2","volume":"12","author":"H Qian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qian H, Wang X, Li Y, Jin F (2010) Experimental study on analgesic effect of alcohol extract from Miao medicine Chimonanthus. . Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res 12:2","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res"},{"key":"5225_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rawat P, Sehar U, Bisht J, Selman A, Culberson J, Reddy PH (2022) Phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other tauopathies. Int J Mol Sci 23(21)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112841"},{"key":"5225_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santibanez A, Herrera-Ruiz M, Gonzalez-Cortazar M, Nicasio-Torres P, Sharma A, Jimenez-Ferrer E (2023) Dose-Effect determination of a neuroprotector fraction standardized in coumarins of Tagetes lucida and bioavailability. Pharm 15(3)","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030967"},{"key":"5225_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1398952","volume":"18","author":"M Sheikh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sheikh M, Ammar M (2024) Efficacy of 5 and 10 mg donepezil in improving cognitive function in patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 18:1398952","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5225_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-022-00338-8","volume":"11","author":"AA Tahami Monfared","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tahami Monfared AA, Byrnes MJ, White LA, Zhang Q (2022) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: epidemiology and clinical progression. Neurol Ther 11(2):553\u2013569","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212948","volume":"388","author":"CH van Dyck","year":"2023","unstructured":"van Dyck CH, Swanson CJ, Aisen P, Bateman RJ, Chen C, Gee M et al (2023) Lecanemab in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 388(1):9\u201321","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5225_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/963248","volume":"2013","author":"KN Venugopala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Venugopala KN, Rashmi V, Odhav B (2013) Review on natural coumarin lead compounds for their pharmacological activity. Biomed Res Int 2013:963248","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"5225_CR33","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xu T, Wu S, Liu X, Qian H (2022) Molecular mechanism of Chimonanthus praecox against cerebral ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology.\u00a0J Shenyang Pharm Univ 39(9):1118\u20131129"},{"key":"5225_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154538","volume":"108","author":"ZY Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang ZY, Li MZ, Li WJ, Ouyang JF, Gou XJ, Huang Y (2023) Mechanism of action of Daqinjiao decoction in treating cerebral small vessel disease explored using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Phytomedicine 108:154538","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04302-5","volume":"25","author":"Y Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Y, Yu Q, Chen B, Zhou J, Li Z, Liao W et al (2025) Two cases of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) following lecanemab treatment for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and a literature review. BMC Neurol 25(1):281","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285612461679","volume":"6","author":"KG Yiannopoulou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yiannopoulou KG, Papageorgiou SG (2013) Current and future treatments for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 6(1):19\u201333","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"5225_CR37","first-page":"1981","volume":"24","author":"DU Yu-Fang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu-Fang DU, Hai-Fang C, Yu-Ling F, Yong-Gui S, Wu-Gang Z, Jie Y et al (2013) The research progress of the chemical components and pharmacologicalrole of plants of Chimonanthus Lindley. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research 24(8):1981\u20131983","journal-title":"Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"5225_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00860-0","volume":"20","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Li L, Chen B, Fang Y, Lin W, Zhang T et al (2022) Chlorogenic acid exerts neuroprotective effect against hypoxia-ischemia brain injury in neonatal rats by activating Sirt1 to regulate the Nrf2-NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Cell Commun Signal 20(1):84","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"5225_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.112719","volume":"148","author":"T Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu T, Wang L, Wang LP, Wan Q (2022) Therapeutic targets of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke: applications for natural compounds from medicinal herbs. Biomed Pharmacother 148:112719","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T01:44:24Z","timestamp":1783907064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["5225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05225-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental protocol received ethical approval from the Animal Ethics Committee of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval No. 20230235).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}