{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:00:33Z","timestamp":1784779233696,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T02:33:40Z","timestamp":1778121220000},"page":"16123-16138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Toxicity evaluation of ultra-diluted methotrexate (12c and 30c): an acute and subacute oral toxicity study in animals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Pranjal","family":"Gujarathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Korat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyush","family":"Gujarathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"5328_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.108.00001","volume":"60","author":"N Anderson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anderson N, Borlak J (2008) Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets in steatosis and steatohepatitis. Pharmacol Rev 60(3):311\u2013357","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"5328_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24685","volume":"60","author":"JE Baggott","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baggott JE, Morgan SL (2009Aug 30) Methotrexate catabolism to 7-hydroxymethotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis alters drug efficacy and retention and is reduced by folic acid supplementation. Arthritis Rheum 60(8):2257\u20132261","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5328_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhavsar SK, Tatiya AU, Maru S, Patil DS (2023) Investigation of beneficial impact of Eulophia herbacea Lind. tubers extract as an immunomodulatory and adaptogenic agent. Ann Phytomed 12(1):360\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54085\/ap.2023.12.1.24","DOI":"10.54085\/ap.2023.12.1.24"},{"key":"5328_CR4","unstructured":"CCAC (1998) Guidelines on: Choosing an appropriate endpoint in experiments using animals for research, teaching and testing. Ottawa ON: Canadian Council on Animal Care, p 30"},{"issue":"11","key":"5328_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42240","volume":"74","author":"MH Chang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chang MH, Bocharnikov AV, Case SM, Todd M, Laird-Gion J, Alvarez-Baumgartner M et al (2022Nov 30) Joint-specific memory and sustained risk for new joint accumulation in autoimmune arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatology 74(11):1851\u20131858","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2015","key":"5328_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"26","author":"B Chitra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chitra B, Ramaswamy RS, Suba V (2015Jan) Toxicity evaluation of P\u0169r\u1e47a Cantirotaya Cent\u0169ram, a Siddha medicine in Wistar rats. Int Sch Res Notices 26(2015):1\u201310","journal-title":"Int Sch Res Notices"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-007-0442-x","volume":"64","author":"J Chl\u00e1dek","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chl\u00e1dek J, Simkov\u00e1 M, Vaneckov\u00e1 J, Hroch M, Chl\u00e1dkova J, Mart\u00ednkov\u00e1 J et al (2008Apr 29) The effect of folic acid supplementation on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral methotrexate during the remission-induction period of treatment for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 64(4):347\u2013355","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5328_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2014.962996","volume":"10","author":"P Cipriani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cipriani P, Ruscitti P, Carubbi F, Liakouli V, Giacomelli R (2014Nov 22) Methotrexate: an old new drug in autoimmune disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 10(11):1519\u20131530","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5328_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12062","volume":"38","author":"S Dogra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dogra S, Mahajan R (2013) Systemic methotrexate therapy for psoriasis: past, present and future. Clin Exp Dermatol 38(6):573\u2013588","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"5328_CR10","volume":"9","author":"Z Elkoshi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elkoshi Z (2025) New insights into the phenomenon of remissions and relapses in autoimmune diseases and the puzzle of benign autoantibodies in healthy individuals. Front Immunol 9:16","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"5328_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-049822","volume":"11","author":"K Eyerich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eyerich K, Weisenseel P, Pinter A, Sch\u00e4kel K, Asadullah K, Wegner S et al (2021) IL-23 blockade with guselkumab potentially modifies psoriasis pathogenesis: rationale and study protocol of a phase 3b, randomised, double-blind, multicentre study in participants with moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis (GUIDE). BMJ Open 11(9):e049822","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.05.008","volume":"154","author":"L Francis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Francis L, Capon F, Smith CH, Haniffa M, Mahil SK (2024) Inflammatory memory in psoriasis: from remission to recurrence. J Allergy Clin Immunol 154(1):42\u201350","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.53945\/2320-7094.1864","volume":"18","author":"A Goswami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goswami A, GV NK, Saka VP, Gupta P, Biswas B, Verma D (2024Mar 28) Safety of potentised dilutions of Rhus toxicodendron in Wistar albino rats. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 18(1):3\u201314","journal-title":"Indian J Res Homoeopathy"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR14","first-page":"425","volume":"23","author":"RS Gubner","year":"1979","unstructured":"Gubner RS (1979) Introduction of antifolics in psoriasis. A twenty-five year retrospect of antineoplastic agents in nonmalignant disease. Cutis 23(4):425\u2013428","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"5328_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2024.108895","volume":"132\u2013133","author":"M Guleria","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guleria M, Pallavi KJ, Gujarathi PP, Das T (2024May) Evaluation of acute intravenous toxicity of HEPES: is Good\u2019s buffer good and safe enough for clinical utilization in nuclear medicine? Nucl Med Biol 132\u2013133:108895","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"5328_CR16","unstructured":"Hahnemann S (1869) Oragnon of medicine. Published by Wm. Radde; Philadelphia : F.E. Boericke ;London : Turner & Co., and James Epps"},{"key":"5328_CR17","unstructured":"Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia of India (n.d.) Preface to E-book Combined Volume-I st to IX th (Revised &Augmented). Published by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India (Later under PCIMH - Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homoeopathy). Publication Year 1971, Updated 2020 (Volume 1 Part 1 & 2)"},{"key":"5328_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.18311\/ti\/2023\/v30i2\/32299","volume":"23","author":"R Lal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lal R, Sharma M, Behera S, Regar RK, Tripathi D, Kumar GVN et al (2023) Safety evaluation of Arsenicum album in acute and sub-acute toxicity studies in rats. Toxicol Int 23:233\u2013247","journal-title":"Toxicol Int"},{"key":"5328_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Law JH, Koo B, Koo JYM (2008 Jun 30) Methotrexate update: mechanism of action in psoriasis therapy. Psoriasis Forum 14a(1):17\u201328","DOI":"10.1177\/247553030814a00105"},{"issue":"11","key":"5328_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108084","volume":"26","author":"Y Lebel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lebel Y, Milo T, Bar A, Mayo A, Alon U (2023) Excitable dynamics of flares and relapses in autoimmune diseases. iScience 26(11):108084","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"5328_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8221552","DOI":"10.1155\/jt\/8221552","volume":"1","author":"S Maru","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maru S, Belemkar S (2025a) Acute and subacute oral toxicity study of a herbal formulation containing asparagus racemosus, tinospora cordifolia, and trigonella foenum-graceum in mice. J Toxicol 1:8221552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/jt\/8221552","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1177\/09731296241311345","volume":"21","author":"S Maru","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maru S, Belemkar S (2025b) Nurturing wellness: development and evaluation of a novel herbal formulation with immunomodulatory activity. Pharmacogn Mag 21(4):1438\u20131448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09731296241311345","journal-title":"Pharmacogn Mag"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.02.011","volume":"112","author":"JT Mukinda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mukinda JT, Syce JA (2007) Acute and chronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of Artemisia afra in rodents. J Ethnopharmacol 112(1):138\u201344","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"5328_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"OECD (2001) Test No. 423: Acute Oral Toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method. OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4. OECD Publishing, Paris. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/9789264122048-en","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264122048-en"},{"key":"5328_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"OECD (2008) Test No. 407: Repeated Dose 28-day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents, OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4. OECD Publishing, Paris. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/9789264070684-en","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264070684-en"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2000.1399","volume":"32","author":"H Olson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Olson H, Betton G, Robinson D, Thomas K, Monro A, Kolaja G et al (2000) Concordance of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 32(1):56\u201367","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"5328_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pathak H, Maru S, Silawat SC (2014) Field study for the effectiveness of some plants leaf extracts against insect Eutectona macheralis or Teak skeletonizer in forest nursery of Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Am J Agric For 2(4):110\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11648\/j.ajaf.20140204.12","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ajaf.20140204.12"},{"issue":"2","key":"5328_CR28","first-page":"125","volume":"49","author":"P Prakash","year":"2005","unstructured":"Prakash P, Gupta N (2005) Therapeutic uses of Ocimum sanctum Linn (Tulsi) with a note on eugenol and its pharmacological actions: a short review. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 49(2):125\u2013131","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2010.10.004","volume":"31","author":"SK Ramaiah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramaiah SK (2011) Preclinical safety assessment: current gaps, challenges, and approaches in identifying translatable biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury. Clin Lab Med 31(1):161\u2013172","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"5328_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2006.01.008","volume":"86","author":"JV Rao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rao JV (2006) Toxic effects of novel organophosphorus insecticide (RPR-V) on certain biochemical parameters of euryhaline fish, Oreochromis mossambicus. Pestic Biochem Physiol 86(2):78\u201384","journal-title":"Pestic Biochem Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5328_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gev081","volume":"31","author":"T Sahota","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sahota T, Danhof M, Della Pasqua O (2016) Pharmacology-based toxicity assessment: towards quantitative risk prediction in humans. Mutagenesis 31(3):359\u2013374","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"issue":"02","key":"5328_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"086","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1770338","volume":"113","author":"M Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma M, Behera S, Regar RK, Tripathi D, Singh S, Kumar NGV et al (2024May 21) Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity assessment of Ferrum phosphoricum in rats. Homeopathy 113(02):086\u2013097","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2011.00839.x","volume":"53","author":"S Shen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shen S, O\u2019Brien T, Yap LM, Prince HM, McCormack CJ (2012Feb 29) The use of methotrexate in dermatology: a review. Australas J Dermatol 53(1):1\u201318","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5328_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4103\/ijrh.ijrh_68_16","volume":"11","author":"S Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh S, Kalra P, Karwasra R, Khurana A, Manchanda R, Gupta Y (2017) Safety studies of homoeopathic drugs in acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity in rats. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 11(1):48","journal-title":"Indian J Res Homoeopathy"},{"key":"5328_CR35","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (n.d.) Similitude in modern pharmacology [Internet]. Available from: http:\/\/www.stockton-press.co.uk\/bhj"},{"issue":"2","key":"5328_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(02)00386-9","volume":"60","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2003","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2003) Homeopathic use of modern medicines: utilisation of the curative rebound effect. Med Hypotheses 60(2):276\u2013283","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2005.08.018","volume":"94","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2005","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2005) \u2018Paradoxical strategy for treating chronic diseases\u2019: a therapeutic model used in homeopathy for more than two centuries. Homeopathy 94(4):265\u2013266","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2006.06.004","volume":"95","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2006","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2006) Evidence of the principle of similitude in modern fatal iatrogenic events. Homeopathy 95(4):229\u2013236","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"4","key":"5328_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2011.01.002","volume":"100","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2011) New homeopathic medicines: use of modern drugs according to the principle of similitude. Homeopathy 100(4):244\u2013252","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"3","key":"5328_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2013.01.001","volume":"5","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2013) \u2018New homeopathic medicines\u2019 database: a project to employ conventional drugs according to the homeopathic method of treatment. Eur J Integr Med 5(3):270\u2013278","journal-title":"Eur J Integr Med"},{"key":"5328_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2021 Oct 24) \u201c\u02dcParadoxical pharmacology\u201d: therapeutic strategy used by the \u201c\u02dchomeopathic pharmacology\u201d for more than two centuries. Int J High Dilution Res - ISSN 1982\u20136206 13(49):207\u201326","DOI":"10.51910\/ijhdr.v13i49.714"},{"key":"5328_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2021 Dec 21) Homeopathic use of modern drugs: therapeutic application of the organism paradoxical reaction or rebound effect. Int J High Dilution Res - ISSN 1982\u20136206 10(37):338\u201352","DOI":"10.51910\/ijhdr.v10i37.456"},{"key":"5328_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2022.100091","volume":"77","author":"MZ Teixeira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teixeira MZ (2022) \u201cSimilia similibus curentur\u201d: the scientific grounding of the homeopathic therapeutic principle through the systematic study of the rebound effect of modern drugs. Clinics 77:100091","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"5328_CR44","unstructured":"Udawant S, Zilate S (2022) Therapeutic role of methotrexate in effective treatment of psoriasis: a review. J Res Med Dent Sci [Internet] 10(8):25. Available from: www.jrmds.in"},{"issue":"3","key":"5328_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1971.04000210010003","volume":"104","author":"GD Weinstein","year":"1971","unstructured":"Weinstein GD (1971Sep 1) Methotrexate. Arch Dermatol 104(3):236","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5328_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.04.001","volume":"12","author":"G Wildner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wildner G, Kaufmann U (2013) What causes relapses of autoimmune diseases? The etiological role of autoreactive T cells. Autoimmun Rev 12(11):1070\u20131075","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"5328_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1021\/jf011066w","volume":"50","author":"AF Wren","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wren AF, Cleary M, Frantz C, Melton S, Norris L (2002Mar 1) 90-day oral toxicity study of a grape seed extract (IH636) in rats. J Agric Food Chem 50(7):2180\u20132192","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"5328_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2015.1026894","volume":"11","author":"O Y\u00e9lamos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Y\u00e9lamos O, Puig L (2015May 4) Systemic methotrexate for the treatment of psoriasis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 11(5):553\u2013563","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5328_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa087","volume":"14","author":"B Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang B, Gulati A, Alipour O, Shao L (2020Oct 5) Relapse from deep remission after therapeutic de-escalation in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis 14(10):1413\u20131423","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"5328_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2016.09.002","volume":"105","author":"M Zulian Teixeira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zulian Teixeira M, Churchill Livingstone (2016) Biological therapies (immunomodulatory drugs), worsening of psoriasis and rebound effect: new evidence of similitude. Homeopathy 105:344\u2013355","journal-title":"Homeopathy"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:00:54Z","timestamp":1784775654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05328-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7098879\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the animal ethics committee of Trans Services Genica Pvt. Ltd, Maharashtra, with approval number: TRS\/PT\/024\/055A.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}