{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:00:32Z","timestamp":1784779232606,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004951","name":"Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TDK-2022\u201310291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TDK-2022\u201310291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004951","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Erzincan Binali Yildirim University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, the potential protective effects of syringic acid (SA) on gastric tissue were investigated in an indomethacin (INDO)-induced gastric ulcer model. A total of 84 male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups. In the in vivo experiments, rats were administered SA at doses of 5, 50, and 100 mg\/kg and omeprazole (OMP) at a dose of 5 mg\/kg intragastrically (i.g.) for 14 days, and indomethacin (100\u00a0mg\/kg, i.g.) was administered on the final day. Following INDO administration, the rats were sacrificed under anesthesia, and gastric tissues were carefully excised for further analyses. The collected gastric tissues were subjected to biochemical, histopathological, and immunofluorescence analyses. In addition, in silico analyses were performed to support the INDO-induced gastric ulcer model. Using the licensed Schr\u00f6dinger Maestro 2025\/1 software, the binding properties of INDO to the COX-1 receptor were evaluated through molecular docking, MM-GBSA, and pharmacophore matching analyses. INDO administration was associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and histopathological damage in gastric tissue. SA treatment appeared to alleviate INDO-induced gastric injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. SA treatment ameliorated histopathological alterations in ulcerated areas, particularly at doses of 50 and 100\u00a0mg\/kg, whereas the 5\u00a0mg\/kg dose did not show a significant protective effect. In addition, in silico analyses suggested that INDO may contribute to ulcer formation by inhibiting COX-1, thereby reducing prostaglandin production in the gastric mucosa. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that SA may reduce oxidative stress, suppress inflammatory responses, and inhibit apoptosis, thereby contributing to the protection of gastric tissue against INDO-induced injury. These results indicate that SA may have therapeutic potential for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastric injury; however, further experimental and clinical studies are needed to confirm these effects and clarify the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T04:15:34Z","timestamp":1778040934000},"page":"16037-16058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of syringic acid on the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats: in vivo and in silico study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Asl\u0131han","family":"ATASEVER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikret","family":"\u00c7ELEB\u0130","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serkan","family":"YILDIRIM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130smail","family":"BOLAT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burak","family":"\u00c7INAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR1","first-page":"586","volume":"7","author":"A Al Asmari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al Asmari A, Al Omani S, Al Otaibi M, Al Abdulaaly AA, Elfaki I, Al Yahya K, Arshaduddin M (2014) Gastroprotective effect of minocycline in experimentally induced gastric ulcers in rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 7(3):586\u2013596","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-05346-1","volume":"47","author":"AJA Albarakati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Albarakati AJA, Baty RS, Aljoudi AM, Habotta OA, Elmahallawy EK, Kassab RB, Abdel Moneim AE (2020) Luteolin protects against lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 47(4):2591\u20132603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-020-05346-1","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"16","key":"5351_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7779","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26167779","volume":"26","author":"MA Alwaili","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alwaili MA, Eid TM, Abu-Almakarem AS, Alsirhani AM, Al-Sowayan NS, Aljarari RM et al (2025) Syringic acid alleviates doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity through PI3K\/Akt-mediated Nrf-2\/HO-1 signaling pathways in male rats. Int J Mol Sci 26(16):7779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26167779","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2016.07.003","volume":"40","author":"MJ Bak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bak MJ, Truong V-L, Ko S-Y, Nguyen XNG, Jun M, Hong S-G, Lee J-W, Jeong W-S (2016) Induction of Nrf2\/ARE-mediated cytoprotective genes by red ginseng oil through ASK1\u2013MKK4\/7\u2013JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in HepG2 cells. J Ginseng Res 40(4):423\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgr.2016.07.003","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"5351_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113200","volume":"151","author":"MF Balaha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Balaha MF, Almalki ZS, Alahmari AK, Ahmed NJ, Balaha MF (2022) AMPK\/mTOR-driven autophagy & Nrf2\/HO-1 cascade modulation by amentoflavone ameliorates indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Biomed Pharmacother 151:113200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113200","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"11","key":"5351_CR6","first-page":"22126","volume":"9","author":"S Bicer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bicer S, Gursul C, Demiryilmaz I, Demiryilmaz I, Peker NA, Eken H, Cimen O, Demirtas L, Cakarli S (2016) Gastroprotective effect of oxygen-ozone therapy in the model of indomethacin induced acute gastric ulcer in rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 9(11):22126\u201322133","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"5351_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-025-03996-1","volume":"398","author":"M Bolat","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bolat M, Tekin S, Bolat \u0130, Atasever A, \u00c7inar B, Da\u011f Y, \u015eeng\u00fcl E, Yildirim S, Warda M, \u00c7elebi F (2025Sep) Gallic acid\u2019s protective mechanisms against acrylamide-induced pulmonary injury: in vivo and in silico insights into the Nrf-2\/HO-1\/NF\u03baB pathway modulation. Naunyn-schmiedeberg\u2019s Archives of Pharmacology. 398(9):11821\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-025-03996-1","journal-title":"Naunyn-schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology."},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.03.006","volume":"35","author":"M Boyacioglu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boyacioglu M, Kum C, Sekkin S, Yalinkilinc HS, Avci H, Epikmen ET, Karademir U (2016) The effects of lycopene on DNA damage and oxidative stress on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Clin Nutr 35(2):428\u2013435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.03.006","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"5351_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.09.016","volume":"27","author":"C Carrasco-Pozo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carrasco-Pozo C, Castillo RL, Beltr\u00e1n C, Miranda A, Fuentes J, Gotteland M (2016) Molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal protection by quercetin against indomethacin-induced damage: role of NF-\u03baB and Nrf2. J Nutr Biochem 27:289\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.09.016","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"5351_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2008.02.008","volume":"26","author":"V Chaparro-Huerta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chaparro-Huerta V, Flores-Soto M, Gudino-Cabrera G, Rivera-Cervantes M, Bitzer-Quintero O, Beas-Zarate C (2008) Role of p38 MAPK and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in glutamate-induced neuronal death of neonatal rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 26(5):487\u2013495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2008.02.008","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"5351_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.09.069","volume":"108","author":"S Cheemanapalli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheemanapalli S, Mopuri R, Golla R, Anuradha CM, Chitta SK (2018) Syringic acid (SA) - a review of its occurrence, biosynthesis, pharmacological and industrial importance. Biomed Pharmacother 108:547\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.09.069","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"5351_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00433","volume":"11","author":"S Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen S, Chen H, Du Q, Shen J (2020) Targeting myeloperoxidase (MPO) mediated oxidative stress and inflammation for reducing brain ischemia injury: potential application of natural compounds. Front Physiol 11:433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2020.00433","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5351_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.07.006","volume":"30","author":"FI Chowdhury","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chowdhury FI, Yasmin T, Akter R, Islam MN, Hossain MM, Khan F, Aldhahrani A, Soliman MM, Subhan N, Haque MA (2022) Resveratrol treatment modulates several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes expression and ameliorated oxidative stress mediated fibrosis in the kidneys of high-fat diet-fed rats. Saudi Pharm J 30(10):1454\u20131463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.07.006","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"issue":"20","key":"5351_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015486","volume":"24","author":"B Cicek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cicek B, Dan\u0131sman B, Yildirim S, Yuce N, Nikitovic D, Bolat I, Kuzucu M, Ceyran E, Bardas E, Golokhvast KS (2023) Flavonoid-rich Sambucus nigra berry extract enhances Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway activation and exerts antiulcerative effects in vivo. Int J Mol Sci 24(20):15486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms242015486","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(00)00110-1","volume":"12","author":"M Crompton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Crompton M (2000) Bax, Bid and the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane in apoptosis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 12(4):414\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0955-0674(00)00110-1","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR16","first-page":"120","volume":"13","author":"T Da\u011fdeviren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Da\u011fdeviren T (2021) Programl\u0131 h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc; Apoptoz. Gaziosmanpa\u015fa \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi 13(3):120\u2013135","journal-title":"Gaziosmanpa\u015fa \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030829","volume":"11","author":"B Danisman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Danisman B, Cicek B, Yildirim S, Bolat I, Kantar D, Golokhvast KS, Nikitovic D, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A (2023) Carnosic acid ameliorates indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in rats by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. Biomedicines 11(3):829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11030829","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"5351_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127356","volume":"82","author":"EA Demir","year":"2024","unstructured":"Demir EA (2024) Syringic acid alleviates cisplatin-induced ovarian injury through modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and Nrf2 pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 82:127356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127356","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.2.503","volume":"118","author":"CA Dinarello","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dinarello CA (2000) Proinflammatory cytokines. Chest 118(2):503\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.118.2.503","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5351_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110309","volume":"120","author":"M Ekhtiar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ekhtiar M, Ghasemi-Dehnoo M, Mirzaei Y, Azadegan-Dehkordi F, Amini-Khoei H, Lorigooini Z et al (2023) The coumaric acid and syringic acid ameliorate acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via modulation of Nrf2\/HO-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 120:110309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110309","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"5351_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2016.01.010","volume":"32","author":"NE El-Ashmawy","year":"2016","unstructured":"El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, El-Bahrawy HA, Selim HM (2016) Gastroprotective effect of garlic in indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats. Nutrition 32(7\u20138):849\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2016.01.010","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"6","key":"5351_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21524","volume":"80","author":"W Fang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fang W, Zhu S, Niu Z, Yin Y (2019) The protective effect of syringic acid on dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB\/c mice. Drug Dev Res 80(6):731\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.21524","journal-title":"Drug Dev Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2010.10.013","volume":"63","author":"M Fornai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fornai M, Colucci R, Antonioli L, Awwad O, Ugolini C, Tuccori M, Fulceri F, Natale G, Basolo F, Blandizzi C (2011) Effects of esomeprazole on healing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcers in the presence of a continued NSAID treatment: Characterization of molecular mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 63(1):59\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2010.10.013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.49.3.443","volume":"49","author":"F Halter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Halter F, Tarnawski A, Schmassmann A, Peskar B (2001) Cyclooxygenase 2- implications on maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity and ulcer healing: controversial issues and perspectives. Gut 49(3):443\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.49.3.443","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajme.2017.09.001","volume":"54","author":"OM Ighodaro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ighodaro OM, Akinloye OA (2018) First line defence antioxidants\u2014superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX): their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid. Alexandria Journal of Medicine 54(4):287\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajme.2017.09.001","journal-title":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"5351_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13718","volume":"130","author":"A Jafari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jafari A, Andishfar N, Esmaeilzadeh Z, Khezri MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M (2022) Gastroprotective effect of topiramate on indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in rats: biochemical and histological analyses. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 130(5):559\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcpt.13718","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.787","volume":"11","author":"B Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia B, Zhao L, Liu P, Li M, Tian Z (2023a) Limonin ameliorates indomethacin-induced intestinal damage and ulcers through Nrf2\/ARE pathway. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease 11(2):e787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iid3.787","journal-title":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease"},{"key":"5351_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1091530","volume":"14","author":"X Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia X, Yao H, Liu L, Ding X (2023b) Pharmacological targeting of gastric mucosal barrier with traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 14:1091530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2023.1091530","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"23","key":"5351_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2019.1573820","volume":"34","author":"CM John","year":"2020","unstructured":"John CM, Arockiasamy S (2020) Syringic acid (4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoic acid) inhibits adipogenesis and promotes lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nat Prod Res 34(23):3432\u20133436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14786419.2019.1573820","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"5351_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(02)00514-0","volume":"183","author":"A Kahraman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kahraman A, Erkasap N, K\u00f6ken T, Serteser M, Aktepe F, Erkasap S (2003) The antioxidative and antihistaminic properties of quercetin in ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Toxicology 183(1\u20133):133\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0300-483X(02)00514-0","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4291\/wjgp.v5.i1.40","volume":"5","author":"N Kangwan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kangwan N, Park J-M, Kim E-H, Hahm KB (2014) Quality of healing of gastric ulcers: natural products beyond acid suppression. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 5(1):40\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4291\/wjgp.v5.i1.40","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141046","volume":"47","author":"TW Kensler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N, Biswal S (2007) Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 47(1):89\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141046","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5351_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103618","volume":"21","author":"A Kloska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kloska A, Malinowska M, Gabig-Cimi\u0144ska M, Jak\u00f3bkiewicz-Banecka J (2020) Lipids and lipid mediators associated with the risk and pathology of ischemic stroke. Int J Mol Sci 21(10):3618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21103618","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"5351_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1080\/10520295.2021.2014569","volume":"97","author":"S K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler","year":"2022","unstructured":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler S, Kandemir FM, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m S (2022) Protective effect of chrysin on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats: role of multi-pathway regulation. Biotech Histochem 97(7):490\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10520295.2021.2014569","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem"},{"issue":"103","key":"5351_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2016.09.004","volume":"1","author":"A Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar A, Chanana P (2017Jan) Role of nitric oxide in stress-induced anxiety: from pathophysiology to therapeutic target. Vitamins and hormones. 1(103):147\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.vh.2016.09.004","journal-title":"Vitamins and hormones."},{"key":"5351_CR36","unstructured":"Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC. (2014) Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease, professional edition e-book. Elsevier health sciences."},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR37","first-page":"143","volume":"63","author":"S Kwiecien","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kwiecien S, Konturek P, Sliwowski Z, Mitis-Musiol M, Pawlik M, Brzozowski B, Jasnos K, Magierowski M, Konturek S, Brzozowski T (2012) Interaction between selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors and capsaicin-sensitive afferent sensory nerves in pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric lesions: role of oxidative stress. J Physiol Pharmacol 63(2):143\u2013151","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5351_CR38","first-page":"613","volume":"65","author":"S Kwiecien","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kwiecien S, Jasnos K, Magierowski M, Sliwowski Z, Pajdo R, Brzozowski B, Mach T, Wojcik D, Brzozowski T (2014) Lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species and antioxidative factors in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions and mechanism of protection against oxidative stress-induced gastric injury. J Physiol Pharmacol 65(5):613\u2013622","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.05.030","volume":"135","author":"L Laine","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laine L, Takeuchi K, Tarnawski A (2008) Gastric mucosal defense and cytoprotection: bench to bedside. Gastroenterology 135(1):41\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.05.030","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000323958","volume":"84","author":"JY Lau","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lau JY, Sung J, Hill C, Henderson C, Howden CW, Metz DC (2011) Systematic review of the epidemiology of complicated peptic ulcer disease: \u0131ncidence, recurrence, risk factors and mortality. Digestion 84(2):102\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000323958","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"48","key":"5351_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6194","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.297","volume":"27","author":"J Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li J, Yuan J (2008) Caspases in apoptosis and beyond. Oncogene 27(48):6194\u20136206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/onc.2008.297","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21487","volume":"80","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wu W, Qin R (2019) Effect of syringic acid on antioxidant biomarkers and associated inflammatory markers in mice model of asthma. Drug Dev Res 80(2):253\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.21487","journal-title":"Drug Dev Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.04.025","volume":"26","author":"Y-H Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y-H, Zhang Z-B, Zheng Y-F, Chen H-M, Yu X-T, Chen X-Y, Zhang X, Xie J-H, Su Z-Q, Feng X-X (2015) Gastroprotective effect of andrographolide sodium bisulfite against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 26(2):384\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.04.025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"5351_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1159\/000350190","volume":"91","author":"MA Morsy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morsy MA, El-Moselhy MA (2013) Mechanisms of the protective effects of curcumin against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Pharmacology 91(5\u20136):267\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000350190","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"5351_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04086.x","volume":"30","author":"C Musumba","year":"2009","unstructured":"Musumba C, Pritchard D, Pirmohamed M (2009) Review article: cellular and molecular mechanisms of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 30(6):517\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04086.x","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-6189(13)60149-3","volume":"2","author":"J Muthukumaran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Muthukumaran J, Srinivasan S, Venkatesan RS, Ramachandran V, Muruganathan U (2013) Syringic acid, a novel natural phenolic acid, normalizes hyperglycemia with special reference to glycoprotein components in experimental diabetic rats. J Acute Dis 2(4):304\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2221-6189(13)60149-3","journal-title":"J Acute Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"5351_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1179\/135100006X155021","volume":"11","author":"Y Naito","year":"2006","unstructured":"Naito Y, Yoshikawa T (2006) Oxidative stress involvement and gene expression in indomethacin-induced gastropathy. Redox Rep 11(6):243\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/135100006X155021","journal-title":"Redox Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.06.043","volume":"103","author":"F Odabasoglu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Odabasoglu F, Cakir A, Suleyman H, Aslan A, Bayir Y, Halici M, Kazaz C (2006) Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of usnic acid on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 103(1):59\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2005.06.043","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"5351_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385","volume":"769","author":"IF Okkay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Okkay IF, Okkay U, Gundogdu OL, Bayram C, Mendil AS, Ertugrul MS, Hacimuftuoglu A (2022) Syringic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: behavioral, biochemical, and molecular evidence. Neurosci Lett 769:136385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"5351_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.1021\/jf800161u","volume":"56","author":"LA Pacheco-Palencia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pacheco-Palencia LA, Mertens-Talcott S, Talcott ST (2008) Chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and thermal stability of a phytochemical enriched oil from acai (Mart.). J Agric Food Chem 56(12):4631\u20134636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf800161u","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"16","key":"5351_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6777","DOI":"10.1021\/jf800898p","volume":"56","author":"JM Pezzuto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pezzuto JM (2008) Grapes and human health: a perspective. J Agric Food Chem 56(16):6777\u20136784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf800898p","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"5351_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.11.015","volume":"818","author":"EA Pineda-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pineda-Pe\u00f1a EA, Mart\u00ednez-P\u00e9rez Y, Galicia-Moreno M, Navarrete A, Segovia J, Muriel P, Favari L, Casta\u00f1eda-Hern\u00e1ndez G, Ch\u00e1vez-Pi\u00f1a AE (2018) Participation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity of docosahexaenoic acid on indomethacin-induced gastric injury model. Eur J Pharmacol 818:585\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.11.015","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5351_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1021\/jf980145d","volume":"46","author":"RL Prior","year":"1998","unstructured":"Prior RL, Cao GH, Martin A, Sofic E, McEwen J, O\u2019Brien C, Lischner N, Ehlenfeldt M, Kalt W, Krewer G, Mainland CM (1998) Antioxidant capacity as influenced by total phenolic and anthocyanin content, maturity, and variety of species. J Agric Food Chem 46(7):2686\u20132693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf980145d","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"5351_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116728","volume":"233","author":"J Ren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ren J, Yang M, Xu F, Chen J, Ma S (2019) Acceleration of wound healing activity with syringic acid in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 233:116728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116728","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"5351_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006","volume":"49","author":"S Reuter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reuter S, Gupta SC, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB (2010) Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: how are they linked? Free Radic Biol Med 49(11):1603\u20131616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15502783.2024.2302046","volume":"21","author":"BM Roberts","year":"2024","unstructured":"Roberts BM, Geddis AV, Matheny RW Jr. (2024) The dose-response effects of flurbiprofen, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and naproxen on primary skeletal muscle cells. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 21(1):2302046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15502783.2024.2302046","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00011.2005","volume":"86","author":"SW Ryter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ryter SW, Alam J, Choi AM (2006) Heme oxygenase-1\/carbon monoxide: from basic science to therapeutic applications. Physiol Rev 86(2):583\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00011.2005","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4103\/2221-1691.276317","volume":"10","author":"Z Sabahi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sabahi Z, Khoshnoud MJ, Khalvati B, Hashemi S-S, Farsani ZG, Gerashi HM, Rashedinia M (2020) Syringic acid improves oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis in the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 10(3):111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2221-1691.276317","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Biomed"},{"key":"5351_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-021-03126-5","volume":"38","author":"A-AM Sallam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sallam A-AM, Darwish SF, El-Dakroury WA, Radwan E (2021) Olmesartan niosomes ameliorates the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: \u0131nsights on MAPK and Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway. Pharm Res 38:1821\u20131838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11095-021-03126-5","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"5351_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2711","volume":"10","author":"M Saraiva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saraiva M, O\u2019Garra A (2010) The regulation of IL-10 production by immune cells. Nat Rev Immunol 10(3):170\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2711","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"5351_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30574\/gscbps.2019.8.2.0132","author":"E Seng\u00fcl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seng\u00fcl E, Gelen V (2019) Protective effects of naringin in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30574\/gscbps.2019.8.2.0132","journal-title":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"5351_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.01.056","volume":"849","author":"S Shahzad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shahzad S, Mateen S, Naeem SS, Akhtar K, Rizvi W, Moin S (2019) Syringic acid protects from isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 849:135\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.01.056","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5351_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59925-0","volume":"10","author":"AH Shaik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shaik AH, E MP, Al Omar SY, Mohammad A, Kodidhela LD (2020) Combined cardio-protective ability of syringic acid and resveratrol against isoproterenol induced cardio-toxicity in rats via attenuating NF-kB and TNF-\u03b1 pathways. Sci Rep 10(1):3426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-59925-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2015.01.008","volume":"1850","author":"K Sinha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sinha K, Sadhukhan P, Saha S, Pal PB, Sil PC (2015) Morin protects gastric mucosa from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin induced inflammatory damage and apoptosis by modulating NF-\u03baB pathway. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 1850(4):769\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbagen.2015.01.008","journal-title":"Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects"},{"key":"5351_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song M, Du Z, Lu G, Li P, Wang L (2016) Syringic acid protects retinal ganglion cells againstH2O2-induced apoptosis through the activation of PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway.\u00a0Cell Mol Biol 62(6):50\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14715\/cmb\/2016.62.6.9","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2016.62.6.9"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5351_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2005.03.023","volume":"579","author":"MA Soobrattee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Soobrattee MA, Neergheen VS, Luximon-Ramma A, Aruoma OI, Bahorun T (2005) Phenolics as potential antioxidant therapeutic agents: mechanism and actions. Mutat Res-Fund Mol Mech Mutagen 579(1\u20132):200\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2005.03.023","journal-title":"Mutat Res-Fund Mol Mech Mutagen"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-009-9176-5","volume":"33","author":"H Suleyman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Suleyman H, Albayrak A, Bilici M, Cadirci E, Halici Z (2010) Different mechanisms in formation and prevention of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Inflammation 33(4):224\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-009-9176-5","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"issue":"18","key":"5351_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i18.2147","volume":"18","author":"K Takeuchi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Takeuchi K (2012) Pathogenesis of NSAID-induced gastric damage: \u0131mportance of cyclooxygenase inhibition and gastric hypermotility. World J Gastroenterol 18(18):2147\u20132160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v18.i18.2147","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5351_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10081964","volume":"10","author":"AS Tarnawski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tarnawski AS, Ahluwalia A (2021) The critical role of growth factors in gastric ulcer healing: the cellular and molecular mechanisms and potential clinical implications. Cells 10(8):1964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10081964","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"5351_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-003-0479-y","volume":"81","author":"AS Tarnawski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tarnawski AS, Jones MK (2003) Inhibition of angiogenesis by NSAIDs: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J Mol Med 81:627\u2013636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00109-003-0479-y","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5351_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3587","volume":"23","author":"M Teichert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teichert M, Griens F, Buijs E, Wensing M, De Smet PA (2014) Effectiveness of interventions by community pharmacists to reduce risk of gastrointestinal side effects in nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 23(4):382\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.3587","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"5351_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-015-0177-2","volume":"38","author":"M Tokmak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tokmak M, Yuksel Y, Sehitoglu MH, Guven M, Akman T, Aras AB, Cosar M, Abbed KM (2015) The neuroprotective effect of syringic acid on spinal cord ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats. Inflammation 38(5):1969\u20131978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-015-0177-2","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"5351_CR73","unstructured":"Underwood W, Anthony R. (2020) AVMA guidelines for the euthanasia of animals: 2020 edition. Retrieved on March. 2013(30):2020\u20131."},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500902885684","volume":"27","author":"A Valavanidis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valavanidis A, Vlachogianni T, Fiotakis C (2009) 8-hydroxy-2\u2032-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG): a critical biomarker of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. J Environ Sci Health C 27(2):120\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10590500902885684","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C"},{"issue":"2","key":"5351_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12208","volume":"103","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Liu X, Liang L, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Luo L et al (2023) The protective effect of quinoa on the gastric mucosal injury induced by absolute ethanol. J Sci Food Agric 103(2):944\u2013956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsfa.12208","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"issue":"7","key":"5351_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.12.023","volume":"52","author":"SK Yadav","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yadav SK, Adhikary B, Chand S, Maity B, Bandyopadhyay SK, Chattopadhyay S (2012) Molecular mechanism of indomethacin-induced gastropathy. Free Radic Biol Med 52(7):1175\u20131187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.12.023","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"5351_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1159\/000106756","volume":"75","author":"A Yanaka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yanaka A, Zhang S, Sato D, Tauchi M, Suzuki H, Shibahara T, Matsui H, Nakahara A, Hyodo I (2007) Geranylgeranylacetone protects the human gastric mucosa from diclofenac-induced injury via induction of heat shock protein 70. Digestion 75(2\u20133):148\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000106756","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"8","key":"5351_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2012007500075","volume":"45","author":"M Yuksel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yuksel M, Kavak S, Gecit I, Basel H, G\u00fcmr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fco\u011flu H, Demir H, Meral \u0130 (2012) Short-term levosimendan treatment protects rat testes against oxidative stress. Braz J Med Biol Res 45(8):716\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0100-879X2012007500075","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"5351_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1046712","volume":"2022","author":"X Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang X, Mai JH, Gao ZW, Wang LL (2022) Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. fruit accelerates healing in gastric injury via the regulation of the NF-\u03baB pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022:1046712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/1046712","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"5351_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1615294","volume":"16","author":"Z Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao Z, Yang Q, Sun Y, Ruan X (2025) Unveiling the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of syringic acid: mechanistic insights and pathway interactions. Front Pharmacol 16:1615294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1615294","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:00:53Z","timestamp":1784775653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5351"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05351-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Experimental applications and laboratory analyses in this study were carried out at Atat\u00fcrk University Medical Experimental Research and Application Center. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from Atat\u00fcrk University Rectorate Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2021\/207).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of \u0131nterest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}