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Given these limitations, nanotechnology, particularly plant-derived metallic nanoparticles, offers novel strategies to enhance phytochemical delivery, stability, and bioavailability. Accordingly, this scoping review synthesizes preclinical evidence (2015\u20132025) on plant-derived metallic nanoparticles for PCOS, evaluating therapeutic outcomes, safety, and mechanisms. In line with PRISMA-ScR guidance, records were identified from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009375), duplicates were removed (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200951), and 324 records underwent screening. Three hundred twenty records were excluded based on title\/abstract screening, and 4 reports were retrieved from databases for eligibility assessment. Together with 1 additional study from Google Scholar, 5 rodent studies were included. Reporting quality and risk of bias were assessed descriptively using selected ARRIVE- and SYRCLE-based domains. Overall, the included studies evaluated\n                    <jats:italic>cinnamon<\/jats:italic>\n                    -derived silver nanoparticles, selenium nanoparticles synthesized using\n                    <jats:italic>Corchorus olitorius<\/jats:italic>\n                    , silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract of fresh\n                    <jats:italic>asparagus<\/jats:italic>\n                    stems, and silver nanoparticles prepared using\n                    <jats:italic>fenugreek<\/jats:italic>\n                    aqueous extract. Across the included studies, these interventions normalized reproductive hormones, restored estrous cyclicity and fertility, reduced ovarian cystic changes, and lowered inflammatory markers (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18) without observable toxicity. Nevertheless, clinical translation remains pending due to the absence of long-term safety data and well-structured human clinical trials. Future research should prioritize mechanistic validation, long-term toxicological assessment, formulation standardization, and rigorously designed clinical trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05425-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T03:14:34Z","timestamp":1778728474000},"page":"16619-16633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the role of medicinal plants and nanotechnology in the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Obukowho Benson","family":"Ichipi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Oluwaseun","family":"Olojede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sodiq Kolawole","family":"Lawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onyemaechi Okpara","family":"Azu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin Coleridge","family":"Naidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"5425_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5721","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-023-03616-0","volume":"201","author":"ABE Abdallah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdallah ABE, El-Ghannam MA, Hasan AA, Mohammad LG, Mesalam NM, Alsayed RM (2023) Selenium nanoparticles modulate steroidogenesis-related genes and improve ovarian functions via regulating androgen receptors expression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome rat model. 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