{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:02:27Z","timestamp":1790089347303,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:53:33Z","timestamp":1790042013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design and development of piperine-loaded polymeric micellar gel for the management of rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5766-8274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill","family":"Nanavati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8363-8450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prachi","family":"Pimple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5920_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12668-025-02221-w","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2026","unstructured":"Agrawal R, Chauhan CS (2026) Development, optimization, and assessment of polymeric micellar gel of econazole nitrate. BioNanoScience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12668-025-02221-w","journal-title":"BioNanoScience"},{"key":"5920_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aher KB, Bhosale S, Bhavar  GB, Habeeb M, and You HW (2025) \u201cDevelopment and optimization of polymeric nanosponges for enhanced delivery of diflunisal in rheumatoid arthritis,\u201d Int J Nano Dimens vol. 16(no. 2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57647\/j.ijnd.2025.1602.16","DOI":"10.57647\/j.ijnd.2025.1602.16"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.54565\/jphcfum.990410","volume":"4","author":"L Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed L, Omer R (2021) The role of the various solvent polarities on piperine reactivity and stability. Journal of Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials 4(2):10\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54565\/jphcfum.990410","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials"},{"key":"5920_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27388","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA04258E","volume":"15","author":"JF Alarcon","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alarcon JF, Karusan NR, Presciutti C, Miras J, Magana JR, Guerra-Rebollo M, Borr\u00f3s S, Ahmad N, Fornaguera C (2025) Revolutionizing rheumatoid arthritis therapy: the potential of lipid nanocarriers. RSC Adv 15:27388\u201327402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D5RA04258E","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"issue":"12","key":"5920_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11121006","volume":"11","author":"EY Al-Barghouthy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Al-Barghouthy EY, Hamed S, Mehyar GF, AlKhatib HS (2025) Comparative evaluation of spreadability measurement methods for topical semisolid formulations\/a scoping review. Gels 11(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/gels11121006","journal-title":"Gels"},{"issue":"13","key":"5920_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13103","volume":"320","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aletaha D, Smolen JS (2018) Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis: a review. JAMA 320(13):1360\u20131372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.13103","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5920_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0927-7757(94)03028-X","volume":"96","author":"P Alexandridis","year":"1995","unstructured":"Alexandridis P, Hatton TA (1995) Poly(ethylene oxide)\u2013poly(propylene oxide)\u2013poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer surfactants in aqueous solutions and at interfaces: thermodynamics, structure, dynamics, and modeling. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 96(1\u20132):1\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0927-7757(94)03028-X","journal-title":"Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp"},{"issue":"8","key":"5920_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10081556","volume":"10","author":"S Alven","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alven S, Aderibigbe BA (2020) Efficacy of polymer-based nanocarriers for co-delivery of curcumin and selected anticancer drugs. Nanomaterials (Basel) 10(8):1556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10081556","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"key":"5920_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.810052","author":"SI Alzarea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alzarea SI, Alasmari AF, Alanazi AS, Alzarea AI, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Kazmi I, Aljoufi FA, Sayyed N, Afzal M (2022) Butin attenuates arthritis in complete Freund\u2019s adjuvant-treated arthritic rats: possibly mediated by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Front Pharmacol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.810052","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-017-0888-1","volume":"7","author":"RK Aravilli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aravilli RK, Vikram SL, Kohila V (2017) Phytochemicals as potential antidotes for targeting NF-\u03baB in rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Biotech 7(4):253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13205-017-0888-1","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"issue":"8","key":"5920_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12579","volume":"68","author":"EA Ashour","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ashour EA, Majumdar S, Alshetaili AS et al (2016) Hot melt extrusion as an approach to improve solubility, permeability and oral absorption of a psychoactive natural product, piperine. J Pharm Pharmacol 68(8):989\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jphp.12579","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5920_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.04.016","volume":"61","author":"Y Bae","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bae Y, Kataoka K (2009) Intelligent polymeric micelles from functional poly(ethylene glycol)\u2013poly(amino acid) block copolymers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 61(10):768\u2013784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2009.04.016","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"5920_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1080\/02652048.2016.1223200","volume":"33","author":"S Bandi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bandi S, Sanka K, Bakshi V (2016) Enhanced oral delivery of risperidone through a novel self-nanoemulsifying powder (SNEP) formulations: in-vitro and ex-vivo assessment. J Microencapsul 33(6):544\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02652048.2016.1223200","journal-title":"J Microencapsul"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2662","volume":"11","author":"JS Bang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bang JS et al (2009) Anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects of piperine in human interleukin 1\u03b2-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and in rat arthritis models. Arthritis Res Ther 11(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar2662","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"5920_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18010322","volume":"18","author":"Y Bellik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bellik Y, Boukra\u00e2 L, Alzahrani HA, Bakhotmah BA, Abdellah F, Hammoudi SM, Iguer-Ouada M (2012) Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of phytochemicals: an update. Molecules 18(1):322\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules18010322","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"6","key":"5920_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2017.1291666","volume":"43","author":"MR Bhalekar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhalekar MR, Madgulkar AR, Desale PS, Marium G (2017) Formulation of piperine solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 43(6):1003\u20131010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03639045.2017.1291666","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"key":"5920_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Biswas L, Shukla V, Kumar  V, and Verma AK (2021) \u201cSmart drug-delivery systems in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: current, future perspectives,\u201d in Smart Drug Delivery, U. Ahmad, M. F. Haider, and J. Akhtar, Eds. London, UK: IntechOpen. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.99641","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.99641"},{"key":"5920_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/569068","volume":"2011","author":"B Bolon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bolon B, Stolina M, King C, Middleton S, Gasser J, Zack D, Feige U (2011) Rodent preclinical models for developing novel antiarthritic molecules: comparative biology and preferred methods for evaluating efficacy. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2011\/569068","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5920_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1159\/000493390","volume":"27","author":"J Bullock","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bullock J, Rizvi SAA, Saleh AM, Ahmed SS, Do DP, Ansari RA, Ahmed J (2018) Rheumatoid arthritis: a brief overview of the treatment. Med Princ Pract 27(6):501\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000493390","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"5920_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chando A, Basudkar V, Gharat S, momin M, & Khan T (2023) Development and preclinical assessment of nanoemulgel loaded with phytoconstituents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2859476\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2859476\/v1"},{"key":"5920_CR21","unstructured":"Chauhan K, Jandu JS, Brent LH et al (2023) Rheumatoid arthritis. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL).\u00a0Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441999\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.70106","volume":"86","author":"P Chawalke","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chawalke P, Zafar A, Binshaya AS, Shmrany HA, Hazazi A, Abalkhail A, Khan FR, Satpute K, Syed SM (2025) Topical miconazole nanogel: in vitro characterization, in vivo skin irritation, and enhanced antifungal efficacy. Drug Dev Res 86(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.70106","journal-title":"Drug Dev Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.5455\/jice.20150313021918","volume":"4","author":"M Choudhary","year":"2015","unstructured":"Choudhary M, Kumar V, Malhotra H, Singh S (2015) Medicinal plants with potential anti-arthritic activity. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol 4(2):147\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/jice.20150313021918","journal-title":"J Intercult Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"5920_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"79","author":"TC Clarke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clarke TC, Black LI, Stussman BJ, Barnes PM, Nahin RL (2015) Trends in the use of complementary health approaches among adults: United States, 2002\u20132012. Natl Health Stat Report 79:1\u201316","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Report"},{"issue":"5","key":"5920_CR25","first-page":"656","volume":"63","author":"V Cojocaru","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cojocaru V, Ranetti AE, Hinescu LG, Ionescu M, Cosmescu C, Po\u0219toarc\u0103 AG, Cintez\u0103 LO (2015) Formulation and evaluation of in vitro release kinetics of Na3CaDTPA decorporation agent embedded in microemulsion-based gel formulation for topical delivery. Farmacia (Bucur) 63(5):656\u2013664","journal-title":"Farmacia (Bucur)"},{"issue":"36","key":"5920_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4669","DOI":"10.2174\/138161206778792477","volume":"12","author":"SR Croy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Croy SR, Kwon GS (2006) Polymeric micelles for drug delivery. Curr Pharm des 12(36):4669\u20134684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/138161206778792477","journal-title":"Curr Pharm des"},{"issue":"9","key":"5920_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092508","volume":"19","author":"S Dudics","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dudics S, Langan D, Meka RR, Venkatesha SH, Berman BM, Che C-T, Moudgil KD (2018) Natural products for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis: their mechanisms of action, targeted delivery, and interplay with the host microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 19(9):2508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19092508","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13040454","volume":"13","author":"M Ferreira-Silva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferreira-Silva M, Faria-Silva C, Viana Baptista P, Fernandes E, Ramos Fernandes A, Corvo ML (2021) Liposomal nanosystems in rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmaceutics 13(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics13040454","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5920_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8748253","volume":"2019","author":"C Forni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Forni C et al (2019) Beneficial role of phytochemicals on oxidative stress and age-related diseases. BioMed Res Int 2019:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/8748253","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"5920_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12533356","volume":"64","author":"TJ Franz","year":"1975","unstructured":"Franz TJ (1975) Percutaneous absorption. On the relevance of in vitro data. J Invest Dermatol 64(3):190\u2013195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12533356","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"5920_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2024.104937","volume":"140","author":"N Gholijani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gholijani N, Azarpira N, Abolmaali S-S, Tanideh N, Ravanrooy M-H, Taki F, Daryabor G (2024) Piperine and piperine-loaded albumin nanoparticles ameliorate adjuvant-induced arthritis and reduce IL-17 in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexmp.2024.104937","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"issue":"46","key":"5920_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44183","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c06605","volume":"8","author":"SJ Gilani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gilani SJ, Bin-Jumah MN, Fatima F (2023) Development of statistically optimized piperine-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for breast cancer: in vitro evaluation and cell culture studies. ACS Omega 8(46):44183\u201344194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.3c06605","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"9","key":"5920_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2016.02.009","volume":"32","author":"MK Jeengar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeengar MK, Shrivastava S, Mouli Veeravalli SC, Naidu VGM, Sistla R (2016) Amelioration of FCA induced arthritis on topical application of curcumin in combination with emu oil. Nutrition 32(9):955\u2013964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2016.02.009","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"10","key":"5920_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17101333","volume":"17","author":"F Jonsdottir","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jonsdottir F, Finsen OI, Snorradottir BS, Sigurdsson S (2025) A four-layer numerical model for transdermal drug delivery: parameter optimization and experimental validation using a Franz diffusion cell. Pharmaceutics 17(10):1333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics17101333","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5920_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/978351","volume":"2014","author":"B Kapoor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kapoor B, Singh SK, Gulati M, Gupta R, Vaidya Y (2014) Application of liposomes in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: quo vadis. Sci World J 2014:1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/978351","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR36","first-page":"44","volume":"4","author":"A Kaur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaur A, Nain P, Nain J (2012) Herbal plants used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a review. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 4(4):44\u201357","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3831\/KPI.2019.22.029","volume":"22","author":"D Kesharwani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kesharwani D, Paliwal R, Satapathy T, Paul SD (2019) Rheumatoid arthritis: an updated overview of latest therapy and drug delivery. J Pharmacopunct 22(4):210\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3831\/KPI.2019.22.029","journal-title":"J Pharmacopunct"},{"issue":"3","key":"5920_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.69857\/joapr.v14i3.1758","volume":"14","author":"S Kumar","year":"2026","unstructured":"Kumar S, Kanaujaya M, Chand P, Chauhan AS, Jakhmola V (2026) Targeted nanocarriers for rheumatoid arthritis therapy: current evidence and translational barriers. J Appl Pharm Res 14(3):77\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.69857\/joapr.v14i3.1758","journal-title":"J Appl Pharm Res"},{"key":"5920_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwon GS and Kataoka K (2012) \u201cBlock copolymer micelles as long-circulating drug vehicles,\u201d Adv Drug Deliv Rev vol. 64(Suppl.): pp. 237\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.013"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041187","volume":"15","author":"DK Lal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lal DK, Kumar B, Saeedan AS, Ansari MN (2023) An overview of nanoemulgels for bioavailability enhancement in inflammatory conditions via topical delivery. Pharmaceutics 15(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041187","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"11","key":"5920_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2015.1057566","volume":"12","author":"T Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu T, M\u00fcller RH, M\u00f6schwitzer JP (2015) Effect of drug physico-chemical properties on the efficiency of top-down process and characterization of nanosuspension. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 12(11):1741\u20131754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/17425247.2015.1057566","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"5920_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-06837-w","volume":"12","author":"AE Lord","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lord AE, Zhang L, Erickson JE et al (2022) Quantitative in vivo micro-computed tomography for monitoring disease activity and treatment response in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Sci Rep 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-06837-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(85)90030-4","volume":"23","author":"NP Luepke","year":"1985","unstructured":"Luepke NP (1985) Hen\u2019s egg chorioallantoic membrane test for irritation potential. Food Chem Toxicol 23(2):287\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0278-6915(85)90030-4","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"5920_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105240","volume":"145","author":"Y Madav","year":"2020","unstructured":"Madav Y, Barve K, Prabhakar B (2020) Current trends in theranostics for rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Pharm Sci 145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105240","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"5920_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijp.2026.126022","author":"A Mahajan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mahajan A, Sharma G, Sarwal A, Singh B, Katare OP (2026) Polymeric mixed micellar nanogel enhances dermal delivery and therapeutic efficacy of tofacitinib citrate. Int J Pharm. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijp.2026.126022","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"5920_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17101351","volume":"17","author":"BS Mahmoud","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mahmoud BS, McConville C (2025) Formulation and systematic optimisation of polymeric blend nanoparticles via Box-Behnken design. Pharmaceutics 17(10):1351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics17101351","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"5920_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.3390\/polym3031377","volume":"3","author":"HK Makadia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Makadia HK, Siegel SJ (2011) Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as biodegradable controlled drug delivery carrier. Polymers (Basel) 3(3):1377\u20131397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym3031377","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.5530\/ijpi.2025.2.34","volume":"15","author":"KD Mali","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mali KD, Shinde DT, Patil KR (2025) Review on Soluplus\u00ae: pharmaceuticals revolutionizing drug delivery and formulation strategies. Int J Pharm Investig 15(2):344\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5530\/ijpi.2025.2.34","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Investig"},{"issue":"41","key":"5920_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R635","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/18\/41\/R01","volume":"18","author":"TG Mason","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mason TG, Wilking JN, Meleson K, Chang CB, Graves SM (2006) Nanoemulsions: formation, structure, and physical properties. J Phys Condens Matter 18(41):R635\u2013R666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0953-8984\/18\/41\/R01","journal-title":"J Phys Condens Matter"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031602400201","volume":"24","author":"VM Menchaca-Tapia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Menchaca-Tapia VM, Rodr\u00edguez EM, Contreras-Y\u00e1\u00f1ez I, Iglesias-Morales M, Pascual-Ramos V (2016) Adverse outcomes following hand surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Plast Surg 24(2):67\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/229255031602400201","journal-title":"Plast Surg"},{"key":"5920_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.78226","volume-title":"Phytochemicals: source of antioxidants and role in disease prevention","author":"N Mendoza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mendoza N, Escamilla Silva EM (2018) Introduction to phytochemicals: secondary metabolites from plants with active principles for pharmacological importance. In: Asao T, Asaduzzaman M (eds) Phytochemicals: source of antioxidants and role in disease prevention. IntechOpen, London, UK, pp 25\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.78226"},{"issue":"1","key":"5920_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.13005\/bpj\/1624","volume":"12","author":"S Mohanty","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohanty S, Panda S, Bhanja A, Pal A, Chandra SS (2019) Novel drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis: an approach to better patient compliance. Biomed Pharmacol J 12(1):157\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13005\/bpj\/1624","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2013.879753","volume":"22","author":"AB Mohd","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mohd AB, Sanka K, Bandi S, Diwan PV, Shastri N (2015) Solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for oral delivery of glimepiride: development and antidiabetic activity in albino rabbits. Drug Deliv 22(4):499\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10717544.2013.879753","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/j8040047","volume":"8","author":"ED Montenegro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Montenegro ED, Rizzo MS, de Sousa e Silva H, Pinheiro da Costa M (2025) Development and validation of NanoEDW 1.0: an integrated computational tool for drug delivery research and nanotechnology applications. J 8(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/j8040047","journal-title":"J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5920_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.JAPTR_300_17","volume":"9","author":"MH Nematollahi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nematollahi MH, Torkashvand M, Tavakoli N, Malaekeh-Nikouei B (2018) Polymeric micelles as cutaneous drug delivery systems in normal skin and dermatological disorders. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 9(1):2\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/japtr.JAPTR_300_17","journal-title":"J Adv Pharm Technol Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"5920_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27154865","volume":"27","author":"SAT Opatha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Opatha SAT, Titapiwatanakun V, Boonpisutiinant K, Chutoprapat R (2022) Preparation, characterization and permeation study of topical gel loaded with transfersomes containing asiatic acid. Molecules 27(15). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27154865","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"7","key":"5920_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.102125","volume":"32","author":"SS Patil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patil SS, Khulbe P, Nitalikar MM, Das K, Mallikarjuna BP, Alshehri S, Khormi AMS, Almalki MEM, Hussain SA, Rabbani SI, Asdaq SMB (2024) Development of topical silver nano gel formulation of Bixin: characterization, and evaluation of anticancer activity. Saudi Pharm J 32(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.102125","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"issue":"6","key":"5920_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.10.017","volume":"45","author":"C Petsch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Petsch C et al (2016) Prevalence of monosodium urate deposits in a population of rheumatoid arthritis patients with hyperuricemia. Semin Arthritis Rheum 45(6):663\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.10.017","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"5920_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.157","volume":"3","author":"CTN Pham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pham CTN (2011) Nanotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Wires Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 3(6):607\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wnan.157","journal-title":"Wires Nanomed Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5920_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-021-01088-8","volume":"12","author":"R Pignatello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pignatello R, Corsaro R, Bonaccorso A, Zingale E, Carbone C, Musumeci T et al (2022) Soluplus\u00ae polymeric nanomicelles improve solubility of BCS class II drugs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 12(8):1991\u20132006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-021-01088-8","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"5920_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.18.7.723","volume":"18","author":"L Quan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Quan L, Thiele GM, Tian J, Wang D (2008) The development of novel therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Ther Pat 18(7):723\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/13543776.18.7.723","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Pat"},{"issue":"5","key":"5920_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-023-02564-1","volume":"24","author":"MR Rao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rao MR, Deshpande S, Deshpande P (2023) Dapsone-loaded mixed micellar gel for treatment of acne vulgaris. AAPS PharmSciTech 24(5). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-023-02564-1","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"5920_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.09.009","volume":"194","author":"KR Rengasamy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rengasamy KR, Khan H, Gowrishankar S, Lagoa RJL, Mahomoodally FM, Khan Z, Suroowan S, Tewari D, Zengin G, Hassan STS, Pandian SK (2019) The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: therapeutic updates. Pharmacol Ther 194:107\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.09.009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"5920_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanka K, Veerareddy PR, and Pragada RR (2025) \u201cOral pH-triggered colon-specific ketoprofen loaded microspheres for the better management of early morning symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis materials. Part II: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessment in rats,\u201d J Holist Integr Pharm https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhip.2025.03.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhip.2025.03.001"},{"key":"5920_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2014.02.026","volume":"256","author":"K Sanka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sanka K, Poienti S, Mohd AB, Diwan PV (2014) Improved oral delivery of clonazepam through liquisolid powder compact formulations: in-vitro and ex-vivo characterization. Powder Technol 256:336\u2013344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.powtec.2014.02.026","journal-title":"Powder Technol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5920_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2013.856964","volume":"21","author":"K Sanka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sanka K, Munjulury VS, Mohd AB, Diwan PV (2014) Enhancement of solubility, dissolution release profile and reduction in ulcerogenicity of piroxicam by inclusion complex with skimmed milk. Drug Deliv 21(7):560\u2013570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10717544.2013.856964","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"8","key":"5920_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3109\/02652048.2015.1081417","volume":"32","author":"K Sanka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sanka K, Pragada RR, Veerareddy PR (2015) A pH-triggered delayed-release chronotherapeutic drug delivery system of aceclofenac for effective management of early morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. J Microencapsul 32(8):794\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02652048.2015.1081417","journal-title":"J Microencapsul"},{"key":"5920_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2016.04.003","volume":"33","author":"K Sanka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanka K, Suda D, Bakshi V (2016) Optimization of solid-self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for solubility and release profile of clonazepam using simplex lattice design. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 33:114\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jddst.2016.04.003","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"5920_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2025.107186","volume":"111","author":"K Sanka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sanka K, Muthyala PK, Gogu PK, Jadhav R, Rapolu K, Gudas GK (2025) Quality by design guided self-nano emulsifying powder-filled hard gelatin capsules for better oral delivery of haloperidol: in vitro and ex vivo characterization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jddst.2025.107186","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5920_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2022.2077957","volume":"47","author":"C Shen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shen C, Shen B, Zhu J, Yuan H, Hu J (2021) Topical delivery of pluronic F127\/TPGS mixed micelles-based hydrogel loaded with glycyrrhizic acid for atopic dermatitis treatment. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 47(12):1975\u20131985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03639045.2022.2077957","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"key":"5920_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.101211","volume":"53","author":"G Shevalkar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shevalkar G, Vavia P (2019) Solidified nanostructured lipid carrier (S-NLC) for enhancing the oral bioavailability of ezetimibe. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.101211","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR72","first-page":"1415","volume":"7","author":"F Song","year":"2014","unstructured":"Song F, Tang J, Geng R, Hu H, Zhu C, Cui W, Fan W (2014) Comparison of the efficacy of bone marrow mononuclear cells and bone mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteoarthritis in a sheep model. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 7(4):1415\u20131426","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5920_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s12247-025-10274-3","volume":"21","author":"IJ Syed","year":"2026","unstructured":"Syed IJ, Ahmed RZ (2026) Phytochemical screening, formulation and optimization of Ehretia laevis loaded silver nanogel. J Pharm Innov 21(3):241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12247-025-10274-3","journal-title":"J Pharm Innov"},{"key":"5920_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.027","volume":"106","author":"S Thakur","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thakur S, Riyaz B, Patil A, Kaur A, Kapoor B, Mishra V (2018) Novel drug delivery systems for NSAIDs in management of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview. Biomed Pharmacother 106:1011\u20131023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.027","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"5920_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00299-1","volume":"73","author":"VP Torchilin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Torchilin VP (2001) Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based drug delivery systems. J Control Release 73(2\u20133):137\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00299-1","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"2","key":"5920_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm94020038","volume":"94","author":"A T\u00fcrkdo\u011fan","year":"2026","unstructured":"T\u00fcrkdo\u011fan A, Alloush T, Demiralp B (2026) Experimental design in pharmaceutical formulation development: achievements, limitations and the transition toward intelligent optimization. Sci Pharm 94(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/scipharm94020038","journal-title":"Sci Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"5920_CR77","first-page":"34","volume":"6","author":"K Vasavirama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vasavirama K, Upender M (2014) Piperine: a valuable alkaloid from piper species. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 6(4):34\u201338","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5920_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21053","volume":"97","author":"MP Vinardell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vinardell MP, Mitjans M (2008) Alternative methods for eye and skin irritation tests: an overview. J Pharm Sci 97(1):46\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.21053","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"5920_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.09.027","volume":"158","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang W, Zhou H, Liu L (2018) Side effects of methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Eur J Med Chem 158:502\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.09.027","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"5920_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.032","volume":"64","author":"AC Williams","year":"2012","unstructured":"Williams AC, Barry BW (2012) Penetration enhancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64(Suppl.):128\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.032","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5920_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.10.020","volume":"553","author":"K Yotsumoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yotsumoto K, Ishii K, Kokubo M, Yasuoka S (2018) Improvement of the skin penetration of hydrophobic drugs by polymeric micelles. Int J Pharm 553(1\u20132):132\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.10.020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"5920_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zare M, Gavzan H, Noruzi Sarkati M, and Mobaraki MA (2025) \u201cPolymeric nanomicelles for piperine delivery: preparation, characterization and evaluation of antioxidant and in-vivo anti-inflammatory properties,\u201d Res Square preprint. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5945336\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5945336\/v1"},{"key":"5920_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/748909","volume":"2012","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Huang G (2012) \u201cMicro- and nano-carrier mediated intra-articular drug delivery systems for the treatment of osteoarthritis,.\u201d J. Nanotechnol. 2012:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/748909","journal-title":"J. Nanotechnol."}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:24:47Z","timestamp":1790087087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":83,"alternative-id":["5920"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05920-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}