{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:52:05Z","timestamp":1791474725932,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:35:48Z","timestamp":1791426948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RVG29-functionalized nanocarriers for brain-targeted therapy of neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and translational perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Sonam M.","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saraswati","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin G.","family":"Haswani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shadma","family":"Wahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zia-Ul-","family":"Sabah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4085-8936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devesh U.","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5958_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/cpaa.s526895","author":"MS Ali","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ali MS, Gowda BJ, Shukla R, Kesharwani P (2025) Triphenylphosphine-based mitochondrial targeting nanocarriers: advancing cancer therapy. Clin Pharmacol Adv Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cpaa.s526895","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Adv Appl"},{"key":"5958_CR2","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Overcoming challenges in the design of drug delivery systems targeting the central nervous system","author":"AG Almutary","year":"2025","unstructured":"Almutary AG, Chauhan P, Baldaniya L, Menon SV, Kumar MR, Chaturvedi B, Sharma N, Chauhan AS, Abomughaid MM, M D (2025) Overcoming challenges in the design of drug delivery systems targeting the central nervous system. Taylor & Francis, pp 5\u20138"},{"key":"5958_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2017-0022","volume":"12","author":"O Betzer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Betzer O, Shilo M, Opochinsky R, Barnoy E, Motiei M, Okun E, Yadid G, Popovtzer R (2017) The effect of nanoparticle size on the ability to cross the blood\u2013brain barrier: an in vivo study. Nanomedicine (Lond) 12:1533\u20131546","journal-title":"Nanomedicine (Lond)"},{"key":"5958_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/jlcr.4023","volume":"66","author":"R Blades","year":"2023","unstructured":"Blades R, Ittner LM, Tietz O (2023) Peptides for trans-blood\u2013brain barrier delivery. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm 66:237\u2013248","journal-title":"J Labelled Compd Radiopharm"},{"key":"5958_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.931584","volume":"10","author":"Y-P Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen Y-P, Chou C-M, Chang T-Y, Ting H, Demb\u00e9l\u00e9 J, Chu Y-T, Liu T-P, Changou CA, Liu C-W, Chen C-T (2022) Bridging size and charge effects of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for crossing the blood\u2013brain barrier. Front Chem 10:931584","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"key":"5958_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28256","author":"H Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen H, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang K, Liu Y, Li Q, Li C, Wen Z, Chen Z (2024a) Biomimetic nanocarriers loaded with temozolomide by cloaking brain-targeting peptides for targeting drug delivery system to promote anticancer effects in glioblastoma cells. Heliyon. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28256","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"5958_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12716","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c08993","volume":"18","author":"Z-A Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Z-A, Wu C-H, Wu S-H, Huang C-Y, Mou C-Y, Wei K-C, Yen Y, Chien I-T, Runa S, Chen Y-P (2024b) Receptor ligand-free mesoporous silica nanoparticles: a streamlined strategy for targeted drug delivery across the blood\u2013brain barrier. ACS Nano 18:12716\u201312736","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12020093","volume":"12","author":"EP Chung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chung EP, Cotter JD, Prakapenka AV, Cook RL, DiPerna DM, Sirianni RW (2020) Targeting small molecule delivery to the brain and spinal cord via intranasal administration of rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG29)-modified PLGA nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 12:93","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-015-0273-x","volume":"32","author":"WJ Deardorff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deardorff WJ, Feen E, Grossberg GT (2015) The use of cholinesterase inhibitors across all stages of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Drugs Aging 32:537\u2013547","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"5958_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102874","volume":"37","author":"W Fang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Fang W, Zhao J, Li L, Wang Y, Xu ZP, Zhang L (2026) An anti-inflammatory neuroenhancer mitigates amyloid-\u03b2 pathology to improve Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy. Mater Today Bio 37:102874","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"5958_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102357","volume":"99","author":"DG Gadhave","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gadhave DG, Sugandhi VV, Jha SK, Nangare SN, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K, Cho H, Hansbro PM, Paudel KR (2024) Neurodegenerative disorders: mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance. Ageing Res Rev 99:102357","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"5958_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-026-00760-2","volume":"23","author":"G Gampa","year":"2026","unstructured":"Gampa G, Vadlakonda R, Stefanich E, Kamath AV, Sadekar S, Shivva V (2026) Bridging the blood-brain barrier: strategies to improve delivery of biologics to tumors in the brain. Fluids Barriers CNS 23:25","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"5958_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.12.017","volume":"33","author":"C Gong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gong C, Li X, Xu L, Zhang Y-H (2012) Target delivery of a gene into the brain using the RVG29-oligoarginine peptide. Biomaterials 33:3456\u20133463","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"5958_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117473","volume":"282","author":"L Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo L, Li X, Zhang R, Hou Y, Ma B, Li Z, Lv J, Wang B, Ma S, Li L, Yan L, Zhang B, Liu W, Lim K, Diao H, Wang S, Zhang C (2025) In situ dual-activated NIRF\/PA carrier-free nanoprobe for diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Biosens Bioelectron 282:117473","journal-title":"Biosens Bioelectron"},{"key":"5958_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5692","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NJ05366B","volume":"44","author":"H Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han H, Zhang Y, Jin S, Chen P, Liu S, Xie Z, Jing X, Wang Z (2020a) Paclitaxel-loaded dextran nanoparticles decorated with RVG29 peptide for targeted chemotherapy of glioma: an in vivo study. New J Chem 44:5692\u20135701","journal-title":"New J Chem"},{"key":"5958_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2020.1745328","volume":"27","author":"Y Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han Y, Chu X, Cui L, Fu S, Gao C, Li Y, Sun B (2020b) Neuronal mitochondria-targeted therapy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease by systemic delivery of resveratrol using dual-modified novel biomimetic nanosystems. Drug Deliv 27:502\u2013518","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"5958_CR17","first-page":"529","volume":"6","author":"Y Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han Y, Gao C, Wang H, Sun J, Liang M, Feng Y, Liu Q, Fu S, Cui L, Gao C (2021a) Macrophage membrane-coated nanocarriers co-modified by RVG29 and TPP improve brain neuronal mitochondria-targeting and therapeutic efficacy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice. Bioact Mater 6:529\u2013542","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"5958_CR18","first-page":"529","volume":"6","author":"Y Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han Y, Gao C, Wang H, Sun J, Liang M, Feng Y, Liu Q, Fu S, Cui L, Gao C, Li Y, Yang Y, Sun B (2021b) Macrophage membrane-coated nanocarriers co-modified by RVG29 and TPP improve brain neuronal mitochondria-targeting and therapeutic efficacy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice. Bioact Mater 6:529\u2013542","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"5958_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c05186","volume":"25","author":"EL Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han EL, Tang S, Kim D, Murray AM, Swingle KL, Hamilton AG, Mrksich K, Padilla MS, Palanki R, Li JJ (2024a) Peptide-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for targeted systemic mRNA delivery to the brain. Nano Lett 25:800\u2013810","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"5958_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c05186","volume":"25","author":"EL Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han EL, Tang S, Kim D, Murray AM, Swingle KL, Hamilton AG, Mrksich K, Padilla MS, Palanki R, Li JJ, Mitchell MJ (2024b) Peptide-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for targeted systemic mRNA delivery to the brain. Nano Lett 25:800\u2013810","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"5958_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c05186","volume":"25","author":"EL Han","year":"2025","unstructured":"Han EL, Tang S, Kim D, Murray AM, Swingle KL, Hamilton AG, Mrksich K, Padilla MS, Palanki R, Li JJ, Mitchell MJ (2025) Peptide-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for targeted systemic mRNA delivery to the brain. Nano Lett 25:800\u2013810","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"5958_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2020.1760960","volume":"27","author":"R Hao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hao R, Sun B, Yang L, Ma C, Li S (2020) RVG29-modified microRNA-loaded nanoparticles improve ischemic brain injury by nasal delivery. Drug Deliv 27:772\u2013781","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"5958_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17740031","volume":"38","author":"AS Haqqani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haqqani AS, Delaney CE, Brunette E, Baumann E, Farrington GK, Sisk W, Eldredge J, Ding W, Tremblay TL, Stanimirovic DB (2018) Endosomal trafficking regulates receptor-mediated transcytosis of antibodies across the blood brain barrier. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 38:727\u2013740","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"5958_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360302","DOI":"10.3389\/fddev.2024.1360302","volume":"4","author":"AS Haqqani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haqqani AS, B\u00e9langer K, Stanimirovic DB (2024) Receptor-mediated transcytosis for brain delivery of therapeutics: receptor classes and criteria. Front Drug Deliv 4:1360302","journal-title":"Front Drug Deliv"},{"key":"5958_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70712","volume":"7","author":"Y He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He Y, Qu M, Yu L, He L, Lu Y, Hong J, Sun M, Yang H, Mi W, Guo H (2020) Ma Y (2026) Blood-brain barrier: structure, function, diseases, and drug delivery systems. MedComm 7:e70712","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"5958_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2016.1223676","volume":"25","author":"R Huey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huey R, Hawthorne S, McCarron P (2017) The potential use of rabies virus glycoprotein-derived peptides to facilitate drug delivery into the central nervous system: a mini review. J Drug Target 25:379\u2013385","journal-title":"J Drug Target"},{"key":"5958_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020443","author":"T Ili\u0107","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ili\u0107 T, \u0110okovi\u0107 JB, Nikoli\u0107 I, Mitrovi\u0107 JR, Panteli\u0107 I, Savi\u0107 SD, Savi\u0107 MM (2023) Parenteral lipid-based nanoparticles for CNS disorders: integrating various facets of preclinical evaluation towards more effective clinical translation. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020443","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21528","volume":"39","author":"MK Jaiswal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jaiswal MK (2019) Riluzole and edaravone: a tale of two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drugs. Med Res Rev 39:733\u2013748","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"5958_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c01622","volume":"10","author":"P Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang P, Xiao Y, Hu X, Wang C, Gao H, Huang H, Lv J, Qi Z, Wang Z (2024) RVG29 peptide-modified exosomes loaded with miR-133b mediate the RhoA-rock pathway to improve motor and neurological symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 10:3069\u20133085","journal-title":"ACS Biomater Sci Eng"},{"key":"5958_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-007-9379-0","volume":"24","author":"AR Jones","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jones AR, Shusta EV (2007) Blood-brain barrier transport of therapeutics via receptor-mediation. Pharm Res 24:1759\u20131771","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"5958_CR31","first-page":"1471","volume-title":"Drug delivery across the blood\u2013brain barrier","author":"LA Khawli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khawli LA, Prabhu S (2013) Drug delivery across the blood\u2013brain barrier. ACS Publications, pp 1471\u20131472"},{"key":"5958_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00221-2","volume":"9","author":"HS Kwon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kwon HS, Koh S-H (2020) Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the roles of microglia and astrocytes. Transl Neurodegener 9:42","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"5958_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7926","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b03858","volume":"10","author":"EJ Kwon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kwon EJ, Skalak M, Lo BuR, Bhatia SN (2016) Neuron-targeted nanoparticle for siRNA delivery to traumatic brain injuries. ACS Nano 10:7926\u20137933","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280590900427","volume":"11","author":"M Lafon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lafon M (2005) Rabies virus receptors. J Neurovirol 11:82\u201387","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"5958_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031851","volume":"23","author":"RN Lamptey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lamptey RN, Chaulagain B, Trivedi R, Gothwal A, Layek B, Singh J (2022) A review of the common neurodegenerative disorders: current therapeutic approaches and the potential role of nanotherapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 23:1851","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5958_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409329","volume":"36","author":"L Lei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lei L, Yuan J, Dai Z, Xiang S, Tu Q, Cui X, Zhai S, Chen X, He Z, Fang B (2024a) Targeting the labile iron pool with engineered DFO nanosheets to inhibit ferroptosis for Parkinson\u2019s disease therapy. Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) 36:2409329","journal-title":"Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)"},{"key":"5958_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409329","volume":"36","author":"L Lei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lei L, Yuan J, Dai Z, Xiang S, Tu Q, Cui X, Zhai S, Chen X, He Z, Fang B, Xu Z, Yu H, Tang L, Zhang C (2024b) Targeting the labile iron pool with engineered DFO nanosheets to inhibit ferroptosis for Parkinson\u2019s disease therapy. Adv Mater 36:2409329","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"5958_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-025-00503-7","volume":"14","author":"Z Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li Z, Yang J, Li J, Zhao S, Jiang S, Liu W, Li X, Zhang S, Du H, Ni J, Huang Y, Qing H, Ruan S (2025) Targeted delivery of BACE1 siRNA for synergistic treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Transl Neurodegener 14:41","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"5958_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12851","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S483595","volume":"19","author":"Y Liang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liang Y, Feng L, Zheng Y, Gao Y, Shi R, Zhang Z, Ying X, Zeng Y (2024) Targeted liposomal co-delivery dopamine with 3-n-butylphthalide for effective against Parkinson\u2019s disease in mice model. Int J Nanomedicine 19:12851\u201312870","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"5958_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.02.051","volume":"30","author":"Y Liu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liu Y, Huang R, Han L, Ke W, Shao K, Ye L, Lou J, Jiang C (2009) Brain-targeting gene delivery and cellular internalization mechanisms for modified rabies virus glycoprotein RVG29 nanoparticles. Biomaterials 30:4195\u20134202","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"5958_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03415-w","volume":"23","author":"S Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu S, Jin X, Ge Y, Dong J, Liu X, Pei X, Wang P, Wang B, Chang Y, Yu XA (2025) Advances in brain-targeted delivery strategies and natural product-mediated enhancement of blood-brain barrier permeability. J Nanobiotechnol 23:382","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"5958_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2330","volume":"72","author":"L Lv","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lv L, Yang F, Li H, Yuan J (2020) Brain-targeted co-delivery of \u03b2-amyloid converting enzyme 1 shRNA and epigallocatechin-3-gallate by multifunctional nanocarriers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment. IUBMB Life 72:1819\u20131829","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"5958_CR43","volume":"2012","author":"S Mondrag\u00f3n-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mondrag\u00f3n-Rodr\u00edguez S, Perry G, Zhu X, Boehm J (2012) Amyloid Beta and tau proteins as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment: rethinking the current strategy. International Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease 2012:630182","journal-title":"International Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"5958_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02511-7","volume":"22","author":"R Moreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moreira R, N\u00f3brega C, de Almeida LP, Mendon\u00e7a L (2024) Brain-targeted drug delivery-nanovesicles directed to specific brain cells by brain-targeting ligands. J Nanobiotechnol 22:260","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"5958_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094381","volume":"26","author":"A Osmokrovic","year":"2025","unstructured":"Osmokrovic A, Stojkovska J, Krunic T, Petrovic P, Lazic V, Zvicer J (2025) Current state and advances in antimicrobial strategies for burn wound dressings: from metal-based antimicrobials and natural bioactive agents to future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 26:4381","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5958_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c08473","volume":"16","author":"H Peng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peng H, Li Y, Ji W, Zhao R, Lu Z, Shen J, Wu Y, Wang J, Hao Q, Wang J, Wang W, Yang J, Zhang X (2022) Intranasal administration of self-oriented nanocarriers based on therapeutic exosomes for synergistic treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. ACS Nano 16:869\u2013884","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-020-02865-1","volume":"37","author":"R Pinheiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinheiro R, Granja A, Loureiro JA, Pereira M, Pinheiro M, Neves A, Reis S (2020a) RVG29-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for quercetin brain delivery and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Pharm Res 37:139","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"5958_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.03.019","volume":"277","author":"M Qu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qu M, Lin Q, He S, Wang L, Fu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang L (2018) A brain targeting functionalized liposomes of the dopamine derivative N-3,4-bis(pivaloyloxy)-dopamine for treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Control Release 277:173\u2013182","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"5958_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065851","volume":"24","author":"M Ren","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ren M, Zhou Y, Tu T, Jiang D, Pang M, Li Y, Luo Y, Yao X, Yang Z, Wang Y (2023) RVG peptide-functionalized favipiravir nanoparticle delivery system facilitates antiviral therapy of neurotropic virus infection in a mouse model. Int J Mol Sci 24:5851","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5958_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13122045","volume":"13","author":"L Ribovski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ribovski L, Hamelmann NM, Paulusse JM (2021) Polymeric nanoparticles properties and brain delivery. Pharmaceutics 13:2045","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57565-2","volume":"14","author":"M-N Savari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Savari M-N (2024) Fe3O4@chitosan@ZIF-8@RVG29, an anti-glioma nanoplatform guided by fixed and activated by alternating magnetic field. Sci Rep 14:7000","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5958_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-017-0077-5","volume":"6","author":"P Sweeney","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sweeney P, Park H, Baumann M, Dunlop J, Frydman J, Kopito R, McCampbell A, Leblanc G, Venkateswaran A, Nurmi A (2017) Protein misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases: implications and strategies. Transl Neurodegener 6:6","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"5958_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.8b01173","volume":"5","author":"ND Thorat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thorat ND, Townely H, Brennan G, Parchur AK, Silien C, Bauer J, Tofail SAM (2019) Progress in remotely triggered hybrid nanostructures for next-generation brain cancer theranostics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 5:2669\u20132687","journal-title":"ACS Biomater Sci Eng"},{"key":"5958_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.113950","volume":"384","author":"Y Tian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tian Y, Wang F, Ma J, Huang W, Zhang X, Du C, Wei P, Huang W, Zhu Y, Lin Y (2025) Targeting ferroptosis and mitophagy with neutrophil-inspired nanozyme for Parkinson\u2019s disease therapy. J Control Release 384:113950","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"5958_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071482","author":"I Toma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Toma I, Porfire AS, Tefas LR, Berindan-Neagoe I, Tomu\u021b\u0103 I (2022) A quality by design approach in pharmaceutical development of non-viral vectors with a focus on miRNA. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071482","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14010086","volume":"14","author":"S Veszelka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Veszelka S, M\u00e9sz\u00e1ros M, Porkol\u00e1b G, Szecsk\u00f3 A, Kondor N, Ferenc G, Polg\u00e1r TF, Katona G, K\u00f3ta Z, Kelemen L (2021) A triple combination of targeting ligands increases the penetration of nanoparticles across a blood-brain barrier culture model. Pharmaceutics 14:86","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2017.1367006","volume":"26","author":"R Wakaskar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wakaskar R (2017) General overview of lipid\u2013polymer hybrid nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, spongosomes and cubosomes. J Drug Target 26:311\u2013318","journal-title":"J Drug Target"},{"key":"5958_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walsh S, Merrick R, Milne R, Brayne C (2021) Aducanumab for Alzheimer\u2019s disease? British Medical Journal Publishing Group","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1682"},{"key":"5958_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.645297","volume":"9","author":"S Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang S (2021) PH-responsive amphiphilic carboxylate polymers: design and potential for endosomal escape. Front Chem 9:645297","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"key":"5958_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587378","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2025.2587378","volume":"32","author":"L Weber","year":"2025","unstructured":"Weber L, O\u2019Brien BCV, Weltzin MM (2025) Development of a novel alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-selective cell-penetrating peptide for intracellular cargo transport. Drug Deliv 32:2587378","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"5958_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-00997-z","volume":"19","author":"J Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu J, Yang X, Ji J, Gao Y, Qiu N, Xi Y, Liu A, Zhai G (2021) RVG-functionalized reduction sensitive micelles for the effective accumulation of doxorubicin in brain. J Nanobiotechnology 19:251","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"5958_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103265","volume":"38","author":"Y Yang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yang Y, Gao Y, Li J, Zou J, Luan F, Shi Y, Zhai B, Huang Q (2026) Nanotechnology for efficient delivery of TCM active ingredients in treating brain diseases. Mater Today Bio 38:103265","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"5958_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08172","volume":"12","author":"L You","year":"2018","unstructured":"You L, Wang J, Liu T, Zhang Y, Han X, Wang T, Guo S, Dong T, Xu J, Anderson GJ (2018a) Targeted brain delivery of rabies virus glycoprotein 29-modified deferoxamine-loaded nanoparticles reverses functional deficits in parkinsonian mice. ACS Nano 12:4123\u20134139","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08172","volume":"12","author":"L You","year":"2018","unstructured":"You L, Wang J, Liu T, Zhang Y, Han X, Wang T, Guo S, Dong T, Xu J, Anderson GJ, Liu Q, Chang Y-Z, Lou X, Nie G (2018b) Targeted brain delivery of rabies virus glycoprotein 29-modified deferoxamine-loaded nanoparticles reverses functional deficits in Parkinsonian mice. ACS Nano 12:4123\u20134139","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-025-03641-x","author":"G Yu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yu G, Yang Y, Zhou W, Wang X, Feng Y, Wang X, Lin Z (2025) Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. J Neuroinflammation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03641-x","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"5958_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03677-4","volume":"23","author":"J Zeng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zeng J, Tang X, Qin D, Yu L, Zhou X, Feng C, Mi J, Pan H, Wu J, Huang B, Wu A (2025) Engineered GLP-1R-targeting nanoplatforms: multimodal therapeutics in human diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 23:682","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"5958_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c10674","volume":"18","author":"S Zha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zha S, Liu H, Li H, Li H, Wong K-L, All AH (2024) Functionalized nanomaterials capable of crossing the blood\u2013brain barrier. ACS Nano 18:1820","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"5958_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB00170K","volume":"7","author":"M Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zang X, Wang M, Li Z, Qiao M, Hu H, Chen D (2019) Exosome-based nanocarriers as bio-inspired and versatile vehicles for drug delivery: recent advances and challenges. J Mater Chem B 7:2421\u20132433","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"key":"5958_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15092271","volume":"15","author":"W Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang W, Zhu D, Tong Z, Peng B, Cheng X, Esser L, Voelcker NH (2023) Influence of surface ligand density and particle size on the penetration of the blood\u2013brain barrier by porous silicon nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 15:2271","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5958_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02543-z","volume":"22","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Cao K, Xie J, Liang X, Gong H, Luo Q, Luo H (2024) A\u03b242 and ROS dual-targeted multifunctional nanocomposite for combination therapy of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Nanobiotechnol 22:278","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"5958_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202501846","author":"F Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang F, Shen W, Zhong S, Wen K, Wang H (2025) Therapeutic targeting of the IRF9\/RTN4\/RHOA\/ROCK pathway via RVG29\u2010modified PLGA nanoparticles and rTMS for neural and vascular regeneration post\u2010cerebral infarction. Adv Healthc Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202501846","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"5958_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10395","volume":"7","author":"R Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou R, Zhu L, Zeng Z, Luo R, Zhang J, Guo R, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Bi W (2022) Targeted brain delivery of RVG29-modified rifampicin-loaded nanoparticles for Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment and diagnosis. Bioeng Transl Med 7:e10395","journal-title":"Bioeng Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:02:38Z","timestamp":1791471758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":72,"alternative-id":["5958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-026-05958-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-1298","1432-1912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-1298","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1912","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}