{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T07:14:41Z","timestamp":1773299681857,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]],"date-time":"2013-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T08:41:05Z","timestamp":1376642465000},"page":"327-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Cortical glutathione levels in young people with bipolar disorder: a pilot study using magnetic resonance spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Beata R.","family":"Godlewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah W.","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Near","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy M.","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Cowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3244_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2008.05.001","volume":"29","author":"M Berk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Berk M, Ng F, Dean O, Dodd S, Bush AI (2008) Glutathione: a novel treatment target in psychiatry. Trends Pharmacol Sci 29:346\u2013351","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"3244_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.10.001","volume":"35","author":"M Berk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Berk M, Kapczinski F, Andreazza AC, Dean OM, Giorlando F, Maes M, Y\u00fccel M, Gama CS, Dodd S, Dean B, Magalh\u00e3es PV, Amminger P, McGorry P, Malhi GS (2011a) Pathways underlying neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: focus on inflammation, oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:804\u2013817. doi: 10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.10.001","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"3244_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.06.005","volume":"135","author":"M Berk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Berk M, Dean O, Cotton SM, Gama CS, Kapczinski F, Fernandes BS, Kohlmann K, Jeavons S, Hewitt K, Allwang C, Cobb H, Bush AI, Schapkaitz I, Dodd S, Malhi GS (2011b) The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment in bipolar depression: an open label trial. J Affect Disord 135:389\u2013394. doi: 10.1016\/j.jad.2011.06.005","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3244_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145707007924","volume":"11","author":"Z Bhagwagar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bhagwagar Z, Wylezinska M, Jezzard P, Evans J, Boorman E, Matthews PM, Cowen PJ (2008) Low GABA concentrations in occipital cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in medication-free, recovered depressed patients. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 11:255\u2013260","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"3244_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.11.010","volume":"144","author":"J Cui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cui J, Shao L, Young LT, Wang JF (2007) Role of glutathione in neuroprotective effects of mood stabilizing drugs lithium and valproate. Neuroscience 144:1447\u20131453","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"3244_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711000617","volume":"14","author":"JW Gawryluk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gawryluk JW, Wang JF, Andreazza AC, Shao L, Yatham LN, Young LT (2011) Prefrontal cortex glutathione S-transferase levels in patients with bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 14:1069\u20131074. doi: 10.1017\/S1461145711000617","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"3244_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01033.x","volume":"14","author":"AD Gigante","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gigante AD, Bond DJ, Lafer B, Lam RW, Young LT, Yatham LN (2012) Brain glutamate levels measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disord 14:478\u2013487. doi: 10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01033.x","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"3244_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","volume":"23","author":"M Hamilton","year":"1960","unstructured":"Hamilton M (1960) A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg 23:56\u201362","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"3244_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e110","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.35","volume":"2","author":"DF Hermens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hermens DF, Lagopoulos J, Naismith SL, Tobias-Webb J, Hickie IB (2012) Distinct neurometabolic profiles are evident in the anterior cingulate of young people with major psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2:e110. doi: 10.1038\/tp.2012.35","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"3244_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.11.1873","volume":"157","author":"RM Hirschfeld","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hirschfeld RM, Williams JB, Spitzer RL, Calabrese JR, Flynn L, Keck PE Jr, Lewis L, McElroy SL, Post RM, Rapport DJ, Russell JM, Sachs GS, Zajecka J (2000) Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. Am J Psych 157:1873\u20131875","journal-title":"Am J Psych"},{"key":"3244_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291703001466","volume":"34","author":"PM Lewinsohn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lewinsohn PM, Shankman SA, Gau JM, Klein DN (2004) The prevalence and co-morbidity of subthreshold psychiatric conditions. Psychol Med 34:613\u2013622","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"3244_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21961","volume":"61","author":"R Mekle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mekle R, Mlyn\u00e1rik V, Gambarota G, Hergt M, Krueger G, Gruetter R (2009) MR spectroscopy of the human brain with enhanced signal intensity at ultrashort echo times on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T. Magn Reson Med 61:1279\u20131285. doi: 10.1002\/mrm.21961","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"3244_CR13","author":"J Near","year":"2013","unstructured":"Near J, Andersson J, Maron E, Mekle R, Gruetter R, Cowen P, Jezzard P (2013) Unedited in vivo detection and quantification of \u03b3-aminobutyric acid in the occipital cortex using short-TE MRS at 3T. NMR Biomed. doi: 10.1002\/nbm.2960","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"3244_CR14","first-page":"851","volume":"11","author":"F Ng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ng F, Berk M, Dean O, Bush AI (2008) Oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders: evidence base and therapeutic implications. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 11:851\u2013876. doi: 10.1017\/S1461145707008401","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"3244_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.166","volume":"36","author":"DA Pizzagalli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pizzagalli DA (2011) Frontocingulate dysfunction in depression: toward biomarkers of treatment response. Neuropsychopharmacology 36:183\u2013206. doi: 10.1038\/npp.2010.166","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"3244_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910300604","volume":"30","author":"SW Provencher","year":"1993","unstructured":"Provencher SW (1993) Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra. Magn Reson Med 30:672\u2013679","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"3244_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.07.013","volume":"39","author":"M Raffa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raffa M, Barhoumi S, Atig F, Fendri C, Kerkeni A, Mechri A (2012) Reduced antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 39:371\u2013375. doi: 10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.07.013","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3244_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3109\/15622970701472086","volume":"10","author":"H Scherk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scherk H, Backens M, Schneider-Axmann T, Usher J, Kemmer C, Reith W, Falkai P, Gruber O (2009) Cortical neurochemistry in euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 10:285\u2013294. doi: 10.3109\/15622970701472086","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 20","key":"3244_CR19","first-page":"22","volume":"59","author":"DV Sheehan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59(Suppl 20):22\u201333","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"3244_CR20","volume-title":"Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"CD Spielberger","year":"1983","unstructured":"Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene PR, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA (1983) Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., Palo Alto, Ca"},{"key":"3244_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2006.03.012","volume":"30","author":"A Yildiz-Yesiloglu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yildiz-Yesiloglu A, Ankerst DP (2006) Neurochemical alterations of the brain in bipolar disorder and their implications for pathophysiology: a systematic review of the in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 30:969\u2013995","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3244_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429","volume":"133","author":"RC Young","year":"1978","unstructured":"Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA (1978) A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry 133:429\u2013435","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3244_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.016","volume":"68","author":"C Y\u00fcksel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Y\u00fcksel C, \u00d6ng\u00fcr D (2010) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of glutamate-related abnormalities in mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry 68:785\u2013794. doi: 10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T16:36:29Z","timestamp":1558629389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["3244"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3244-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3158","1432-2072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3158","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]]}}}