{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:11:52Z","timestamp":1792177912984,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies","award":["X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Posttraumatic stress disorder is a prevalent mental health condition with substantial impact on daily functioning that lacks sufficient treatment options. Here we evaluate six phase 2 trials in a pooled analysis to determine the study design for phase 3 trials of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Six randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials at five study sites were conducted from April 2004 to February 2017. Active doses of MDMA (75\u2013125\u00a0mg, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200972) or placebo\/control doses (0\u201340\u00a0mg, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200931) were administered to individuals with PTSD during manualized psychotherapy sessions in two or three 8-h sessions spaced a month apart. Three non-drug 90-min therapy sessions preceded the first MDMA exposure, and three to four followed each experimental session.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After two blinded experimental sessions, the active group had significantly greater reductions in CAPS-IV total scores from baseline than the control group [MMRM estimated mean difference (SE) between groups \u2212\u200922.0 (5.17), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001]. The between-group Cohen\u2019s <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> effect size was 0.8, indicating a large treatment effect. After two experimental sessions, more participants in the active group (54.2%) did not meet CAPS-IV PTSD diagnostic criteria than the control group (22.6%). Depression symptom improvement on the BDI-II was greatest for the active group compared to the control group, although only trended towards significant group differences [MMRM, estimated mean difference (SE) between groups \u2212\u20096.0 (3.03), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.053]. All doses of MDMA were well tolerated, with some expected reactions occurring at greater frequency for the active MDMA group during experimental sessions and the 7\u00a0days following.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>MDMA-assisted psychotherapy was efficacious and well tolerated in a large sample of adults with PTSD. These studies supported expansion into phase 3 trials and led to FDA granting Breakthrough Therapy designation for this promising treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> Identifier: NCT00090064, NCT00353938, NCT01958593, NCT01211405, NCT01689740, NCT01793610.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T16:48:20Z","timestamp":1557247700000},"page":"2735-2745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":309,"title":["RETRACTED ARTICLE: MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD: study design and rationale for phase 3 trials based on pooled analysis of six phase 2 randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Mithoefer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6918-0738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison A.","family":"Feduccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Jerome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Mithoefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zach","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berra","family":"Yazar-Klosinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Emerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Doblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"5249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6703_13","volume":"67","author":"AT Beck","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beck AT, Steer RA, Ball R, Ranieri W (1996) Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories-IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. J Pers Assess 67:588\u2013597","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"5249_CR2","first-page":"75","volume":"8","author":"DD Blake","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Gusman FD, Charney DS, Keane TM (1995) The development of a clinician-administered PTSD scale. J Trauma Stress 8:75\u201390","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"5249_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.2.214","volume":"162","author":"R Bradley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bradley R, Greene J, Russ E, Dutra L, Westen D (2005) A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy for PTSD. Am J Psychiatry 162:214\u2013227","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.14.1837","volume":"283","author":"K Brady","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brady K, Pearlstein T, Asnis GM, Baker D, Rothbaum B, Sikes CR, Farfel GM (2000) Efficacy and safety of sertraline treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 283:1837\u20131844","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5249_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200008000-00010","volume":"20","author":"J Cami","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cami J, Farre M, Mas M, Roset PN, Poudevida S, Mas A, San L, de la Torre R (2000) Human pharmacology of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (\"ecstasy\"): psychomotor performance and subjective effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 20:455\u2013466","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05199.x","volume":"914","author":"R de la Torre","year":"2000","unstructured":"de la Torre R, Farre M, Roset PN, Lopez CH, Mas M, Ortuno J, Menoyo E, Pizarro N, Segura J, Cami J (2000) Pharmacology of MDMA in humans. Ann N Y Acad Sci 914:225\u2013237","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"5249_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.141796","volume":"205","author":"S Dorrington","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dorrington S, Zavos H, Ball H, McGuffin P, Rijsdijk F, Siribaddana S, Sumathipala A, Hotopf M (2014) Trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder and psychiatric disorders in a middle-income setting: prevalence and comorbidity. Br J Psychiatry 205:383\u2013389","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195308501.001.0001","volume-title":"Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: emotional processing of traumatic experiences: therapist guide","author":"EB Foa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Foa EB, Hembree EA, Rothbaumn BO (2007) Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: emotional processing of traumatic experiences: therapist guide. Oxford University Press, New York, NY"},{"key":"5249_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(87)90158-8","volume":"9","author":"CH Frith","year":"1987","unstructured":"Frith CH, Chang LW, Lattin DL, Walls RC, Hamm J, Doblin R (1987) Toxicity of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the dog and the rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol 9:110\u2013119","journal-title":"Fundam Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"5249_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.1986.10472364","volume":"18","author":"G Greer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Greer G, Tolbert R (1986) Subjective reports of the effects of MDMA in a clinical setting. J Psychoactive Drugs 18:319\u2013327","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"5249_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.1998.10399707","volume":"30","author":"CS Grob","year":"1998","unstructured":"Grob CS, Greer GR, Mangini M (1998) Hallucinogens at the turn of the century: an introduction. J Psychoactive Drugs 30:315\u2013319","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"5249_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(96)00078-2","volume":"73","author":"CS Grob","year":"1996","unstructured":"Grob CS, Poland RE, Chang L, Ernst T (1996) Psychobiologic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in humans: methodological considerations and preliminary observations. Behav Brain Res 73:103\u2013107","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"5249_CR13","volume-title":"LSD psychotherapy","author":"S Grof","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grof S (2001) LSD psychotherapy, 4th edn. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies, Ben Lomond, CA","edition":"4"},{"key":"5249_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1977.44.2.367","volume":"44","author":"DM Gronwall","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gronwall DM (1977) Paced auditory serial-addition task: a measure of recovery from concussion. Percept Mot Skills 44:367\u2013373","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"5249_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1131-1","volume":"162","author":"DS Harris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harris DS, Baggott M, Mendelson JH, Mendelson JE, Jones RT (2002) Subjective and hormonal effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in humans. Psychopharmacology 162:396\u2013405","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"5249_CR16","unstructured":"Kadel R & Kip K (2012). A SAS macro to compute effect size (Cohen\u2019s d) and its confidence interval from raw survey data. In Proceedings of the Annual Southeast SAS Users Group Conference"},{"key":"5249_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3200\/BMED.34.4.125-132","volume":"34","author":"JL Kibler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kibler JL, Joshi K, Ma M (2009) Hypertension in relation to posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in the US National Comorbidity Survey. Behav Med 34:125\u2013132","journal-title":"Behav Med"},{"key":"5249_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21848","volume":"26","author":"DG Kilpatrick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kilpatrick DG, Resnick HS, Milanak ME, Miller MW, Keyes KM, Friedman MJ (2013) National estimates of exposure to traumatic events and PTSD prevalence using DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria. J Trauma Stress 26:537\u2013547","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"5249_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000708","volume":"47","author":"KC Koenen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koenen KC, Ratanatharathorn A, Ng L, McLaughlin KA, Bromet EJ, Stein DJ, Karam EG, Meron Ruscio A, Benjet C, Scott K, Atwoli L, Petukhova M, Lim CCW, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Bunting B, Ciutan M, de Girolamo G, Degenhardt L, Gureje O, Haro JM, Huang Y, Kawakami N, Lee S, Navarro-Mateu F, Pennell BE, Piazza M, Sampson N, Ten Have M, Torres Y, Viana MC, Williams D, Xavier M, Kessler RC (2017) Posttraumatic stress disorder in the world mental health surveys. Psychol Med 47:2260\u20132274","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"5249_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22511","volume":"33","author":"DJ Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee DJ, Schnitzlein CW, Wolf JP, Vythilingam M, Rasmusson AM, Hoge CW (2016) Psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: systemic review and meta-analyses to determine first-line treatments. Depress Anxiety 33:792\u2013806","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"5249_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000648","volume":"154","author":"ME Liechti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Liechti ME, Gamma A, Vollenweider FX (2001) Gender differences in the subjective effects of MDMA. Psychopharmacology 154:161\u2013168","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"5249_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.12.1982","volume":"158","author":"RD Marshall","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marshall RD, Beebe KL, Oldham M, Zaninelli R (2001) Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD: a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 158:1982\u20131988","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1080\/000486700269","volume":"34","author":"RP Marshall","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marshall RP, Jorm AF, Grayson DA, O'Toole BI (2000) Medical-care costs associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 34:954\u2013962","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR24","unstructured":"Mithoefer M (2017). A manual for MDMA-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder; Version 8. http:\/\/www.maps.org\/research\/mdma\/mdma-research-timeline\/4887-a-manual-for-mdma-assisted-psychotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-ptsd. Accessed 2 April 2019"},{"key":"5249_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30135-4","volume":"5","author":"MC Mithoefer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mithoefer MC, Mithoefer AT, Feduccia AA, Jerome L, Wagner M, Wymer J, Holland J, Hamilton S, Yazar-Klosinski B, Emerson A, Doblin R (2018) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans, firefighters, and police officers: a randomised, double-blind, dose-response, phase 2 clinical trial. Lancet Psychiatry 5:486\u2013497","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110378371","volume":"25","author":"MC Mithoefer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mithoefer MC, Wagner MT, Mithoefer AT, Jerome L, Doblin R (2011) The safety and efficacy of {+\/\u2212}3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy in subjects with chronic, treatment-resistant posttraumatic stress disorder: the first randomized controlled pilot study. J Psychopharmacol 25:439\u2013452","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112456611","volume":"27","author":"MC Mithoefer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mithoefer MC, Wagner MT, Mithoefer AT, Jerome L, Martin SF, Yazar-Klosinski B, Michel Y, Brewerton TD, Doblin R (2013) Durability of improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and absence of harmful effects or drug dependency after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy: a prospective long-term follow-up study. J Psychopharmacol 27:28\u201339","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.5.898","volume":"74","author":"CM Monson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Monson CM, Schnurr PP, Resick PA, Friedman MJ, Young-Xu Y, Stevens SP (2006) Cognitive processing therapy for veterans with military-related posttraumatic stress disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 74:898\u2013907","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"5249_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199304000-00004","volume":"13","author":"LM Nagy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nagy LM, Morgan CA 3rd, Southwick SM, Charney DS (1993) Open prospective trial of fluoxetine for posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 13:107\u2013113","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.1986.10472362","volume":"18","author":"DE Nichols","year":"1986","unstructured":"Nichols DE (1986) Differences between the mechanism of action of MDMA, MBDB, and the classic hallucinogens. Identification of a new therapeutic class: entactogens. J Psychoactive Drugs 18:305\u2013313","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"5249_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112464827","volume":"27","author":"P Oehen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oehen P, Traber R, Widmer V, Schnyder U (2013) A randomized, controlled pilot study of MDMA (+\/\u2212 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of resistant, chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). J Psychopharmacol 27:40\u201352","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118806297","volume":"32","author":"GM Ot\u2019alora","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ot\u2019alora GM, Grigsby J, Poulter B, Van Derveer JW, Giron SG, Jerome L, Feduccia AA, Hamilton S, Yazar-Klosinski B, Emerson A, Mithoefer M, Doblin R (2018) 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial. J Psychopharmacol 32:1295\u20131307","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"5249_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.10111704","volume":"168","author":"K Posner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Posner K, Brown GK, Stanley B, Brent DA, Yershova KV, Oquendo MA, Currier GW, Melvin GA, Greenhill L, Shen S, Mann JJ (2011) The Columbia\u2013suicide Severity Rating Scale: initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults. Am J Psychiatry 168:1266\u20131277","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.7.1035","volume":"164","author":"K Posner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Posner K, Oquendo MA, Gould M, Stanley B, Davies M (2007) Columbia classification algorithm of suicide assessment (C-CASA): classification of suicidal events in the FDA's pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry 164:1035\u20131043","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR35","volume-title":"The psychological corporation","author":"C Randolph","year":"1998","unstructured":"Randolph C (1998) Repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status manual. In: The psychological corporation. TX, San Antonio"},{"key":"5249_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.2.243","volume":"76","author":"PA Resick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Resick PA, Galovski TE, Uhlmansiek MO, Scher CD, Clum GA, Young-Xu Y (2008) A randomized clinical trial to dismantle components of cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in female victims of interpersonal violence. J Consult Clin Psychol 76:243\u2013258","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"5249_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2007.34","volume":"65","author":"DJ Scott","year":"2008","unstructured":"Scott DJ, Stohler CS, Egnatuk CM, Wang H, Koeppe RA, Zubieta JK (2008) Placebo and nocebo effects are defined by opposite opioid and dopaminergic responses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:220\u2013231","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"5249_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.8370","volume":"314","author":"MM Steenkamp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Steenkamp MM, Litz BT, Hoge CW, Marmar CR (2015) Psychotherapy for military-related PTSD: a review of randomized clinical trials. JAMA 314:489\u2013500","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5249_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0799-4","volume":"39","author":"N Tarrier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tarrier N, Gregg L (2004) Suicide risk in civilian PTSD patients\u2014predictors of suicidal ideation, planning and attempts. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 39:655\u2013661","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"5249_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/da.1029","volume":"13","author":"FW Weathers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weathers FW, Keane TM, Davidson JR (2001) Clinician-administered PTSD scale: a review of the first ten years of research. Depress Anxiety 13:132\u2013156","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-024-06666-x","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723248000000},"record-id":"55621"},{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-024-06666-x","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723248000000}}],"container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T09:04:19Z","timestamp":1723799059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3158","1432-2072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3158","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 November 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2024","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-024-06666-x","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-024-06666-x","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"M.C.M. received salary support from MAPS PBC as a clinical investigator and clinical trial medical monitor as well as for training and supervision of research psychotherapists.A.A.F. received salary support for full-time employment with MAPS PBC.L.J. received salary support for full-time employment with MAPS PBC.A.M. received salary support from MAPS PBC as a clinical investigator and for training and supervision of research psychotherapists.M.W. received research support to conduct study assessments.Z.W. received research support to conduct study assessments.S.H. received salary support from MAPS PBC as a biostatistician.B.Y.-K. received salary support for full-time employment with MAPS.A.E. received salary support for full-time employment with MAPS PBC.R.D. received salary support for full-time employment with MAPS.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}