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There is an increasing availability and medical applications of cannabinoids, and growing interest in their therapeutic potential for addictive disorders.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The objective of this study is to review available data regarding cannabis\/cannabinoid co-use or exposure on amphetamine-related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Towards the present scoping review, we systematically searched four databases (Medline, Web-of-Science, CINAHL Plus and PsycInfo) using cannabis\/cannabinoid and amphetamine text-terms identifying peer-reviewed, English-language studies published in 2000\u20132020 involving multiple methods approaches among both human and animal study samples, assessing the association of co-use\/administration of cannabis\/cannabinoids products with non-medical amphetamines on biological, behavioural or health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-five articles were included. Pre-clinical studies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) found mostly protective effects of single or repeated cannabinoids administration on rodents in amphetamine addiction models, amphetamine-induced models of human mental disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and amphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Human studies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) were more heterogeneously designed (e.g. cross-sectional, case\u2013control, longitudinal) and assessed natural ongoing cannabis and methamphetamine use or dependence, showing mostly enhanced harms in a diversity of outcomes (e.g. mental health, methamphetamine use, cognition).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>While human studies suggest cannabis use as an adverse risk factor among non-medical amphetamine users, pre-clinical studies suggest therapeutic potential of cannabinoids, especially cannabidiol, to alleviate amphetamine addiction and harms, including treatment outcomes. Given increasing psychostimulant harms but lack of care options, rigorous, high-quality design studies should aim to translate and investigate pre-clinical study results for potential therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids for amphetamine use\/abuse in human subjects.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-021-05960-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T10:48:33Z","timestamp":1633517313000},"page":"1211-1230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Co-exposure of cannabinoids with amphetamines and biological, behavioural and health outcomes: a scoping review of animal and human studies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9352-2873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitri","family":"Daldegan-Bueno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas O.","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5997-6898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier","family":"Jutras-Aswad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2186-4030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"5960_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.01.003","volume":"49","author":"DI Abrams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abrams DI (2018) The therapeutic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids: an update from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine report. 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