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Here, we evaluated the effect of a single strain probiotic supplementation on seizure susceptibility, antiseizure efficacy of sodium valproate, and several behavioral parameters in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      R0052 was given orally for 28\u00a0days. Its influence on seizure thresholds was evaluated in the\n                      <jats:italic>iv<\/jats:italic>\n                      PTZ- and electrically-induced seizure tests. The effect on the antiseizure potency of valproate was assessed in the\n                      <jats:italic>sc<\/jats:italic>\n                      PTZ test. We also investigated the effects of probiotic supplementation on anxiety-related behavior (in the elevated plus maze and light\/dark box tests), motor coordination (in the accelerating rotarod test), neuromuscular strength (in the grip-strength test), and spontaneous locomotor activity. Serum and brain concentrations of valproate as well as cecal contents of SCFAs and lactate were determined using HPLC method.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>L.\u00a0helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 significantly increased the threshold for the 6\u00a0Hz-induced psychomotor seizure. There was also a slight increase in the threshold for myoclonic and clonic seizure in the\n                      <jats:italic>iv<\/jats:italic>\n                      PTZ test.\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 did not affect the threshold for tonic seizures both in the maximal electroshock- and\n                      <jats:italic>iv<\/jats:italic>\n                      PTZ-induced seizure tests. No changes in the antiseizure potency of valproate against the PTZ-induced seizures were reported. Interestingly,\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 increased valproate concentration in serum, but not in the brain. Moreover,\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 did not produce any significant effects on anxiety-related behavior, motor coordination, neuromuscular strength, and locomotor activity.\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 supplementation resulted in increased concentrations of total SCFAs, acetate, and butyrate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Altogether, this study shows that a single-strain probiotic \u2013\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 may decrease seizure susceptibility and this effect can be mediated, at least in part, by increased production of SCFAs. In addition,\n                      <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0R0052 may affect bioavailability of valproate, which warrants further investigations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-023-06489-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T03:02:05Z","timestamp":1700017325000},"page":"327-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 on seizure thresholds and antiseizure potency of sodium valproate in mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"241","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Wla\u017a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Wiater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Wyska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Gr\u0105z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"\u015aliwa-Dominiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Gapi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Soca\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"6489_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12295","volume":"26","author":"A Ait-Belgnaoui","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ait-Belgnaoui A, Colom A, Braniste V, Ramalho L, Marrot A, Cartier C, Houdeau E, Theodorou V, Tompkins T (2014) Probiotic gut effect prevents the chronic psychological stress-induced brain activity abnormality in mice. 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