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Studies showed the potential link between Abelson Helper Integration Site 1 (AHI1) protein, behavioural changes and innate immunity regulation. An immunomodulatory effect was suggested for lithium, a mood stabilizer used in BD treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We hypothesized that AHI1 may be an important mediator of lithium treatment response. Our study aimed to investigate whether the <jats:italic>AHI1<\/jats:italic> haplotypes and expression associates with lithium treatment response in BD patients. We also examined whether <jats:italic>AHI1<\/jats:italic> expression and lithium treatment correlate with innate inflammatory response genes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We genotyped seven <jats:italic>AHI1<\/jats:italic> single nucleotide polymorphisms in 97 euthymic BD patients and found that TG haplotype (rs7739635, rs9494332) was significantly associated with lithium response. We also showed significantly increased <jats:italic>AHI1<\/jats:italic> expression in the blood of lithium responders compared to non-responders and BD patients compared to healthy controls (HC). We analyzed the expression of genes involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory response regulation (<jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CASP4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CASP5<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NLRP3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL18)<\/jats:italic> in 21 lithium-treated BD patients, 20 BD patients treated with other mood stabilizer and 19 HC. We found significantly altered expression between BD patients and HC, but not between BD patients treated with different mood stabilizers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our study suggests the involvement of <jats:italic>AHI1<\/jats:italic> in the lithium mode of action. Moreover, mood-stabilizing treatment associated with the innate immunity-related gene expression in BD patients and only the lithium-treated BD patients showed significantly elevated expression of anti-inflammatory <jats:italic>IL10,<\/jats:italic> suggesting lithium\u2019s immunomodulatory potential<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-023-06505-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T04:36:25Z","timestamp":1701405385000},"page":"727-738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Abelson Helper Integration Site 1 haplotypes and peripheral blood expression associates with lithium response and immunomodulation in bipolar patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"241","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1630-6309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kosma","family":"Sakrajda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Bilska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr M.","family":"Czerski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Naro\u017cna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Dmitrzak-W\u0119glarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Heilmann-Heimbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix F.","family":"Brockschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Herms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus M.","family":"N\u00f6then","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Cichon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Wi\u0119ckowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janusz K.","family":"Rybakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Pawlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Szczepankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"6505_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.018","volume":"89","author":"WK Adams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adams WK, Levesque DL, Cocker PJ et al (2020) Decreased motor impulsivity following chronic lithium treatment in male rats is associated with reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the orbitofrontal cortex. 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