{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T20:13:20Z","timestamp":1770408800003,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T06:47:13Z","timestamp":1752562033000},"page":"189-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Branched-chain amino acids and risk of major depressive disorder: a Mendelian randomization and colocalization study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3917-8327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"6851_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.105333","volume":"299","author":"NL Arp","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arp NL, Seim GL, Votava JA, Josephson J, Fan J (2023) Reactive nitrogen species inhibit branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex and impact muscle cell metabolism. J Biol Chem 299(11):105333","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"6851_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666210611095320","volume":"20","author":"IM Badamasi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Badamasi IM, Maulidiani M, Lye MS, Ibrahim N, Shaari K, Stanslas J (2022) A preliminary nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics study identifies metabolites that could serve as diagnostic markers of major depressive disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 20(5):965\u2013982","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"6851_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0160542","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160542","volume":"11","author":"A Baranyi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baranyi A, Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai O, von Lewinski D, Rothenh\u00e4usler HB, Theokas S, Robier C, Mangge H, Reicht G, Hlade P, Meinitzer A (2016) Branched-Chain amino acids as new biomarkers of major Depression - A novel neurobiology of mood disorder. PLoS ONE 11(8):e0160542","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"6851_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.08.016","volume":"87","author":"M Bot","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bot M, Milaneschi Y, Al-Shehri T, Amin N, Garmaeva S, Onderwater GLJ, Pool R, Thesing CS, Vijfhuizen LS, Vogelzangs N et al (2020) Metabolomics profile in depression: A pooled analysis of 230 metabolic markers in 5283 cases with depression and 10,145 controls. Biol Psychiatry 87(5):409\u2013418","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"6851_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv080","volume":"44","author":"J Bowden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Burgess S (2015) Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect Estimation and bias detection through Egger regression. Int J Epidemiol 44(2):512\u2013525","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"6851_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2024.06.003","volume":"554","author":"FF Brinholi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brinholi FF, Vasupanrajit A, de Paula Michelin OSL, Matsumoto A, Almulla AK, Tunvirachaisakul AF, Barbosa C, Maes DS M (2024) Increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation, Lowered total radical trapping capacity coupled with psychological stressors are strongly associated with the phenome of first-episode mild depression in undergraduate students. Neuroscience 554:52\u201362","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"6851_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2014-1275","volume":"29","author":"JS Burrill","year":"2015","unstructured":"Burrill JS, Long EK, Reilly B, Deng Y, Armitage IM, Scherer PE, Bernlohr DA (2015) Inflammation and ER stress regulate branched-chain amino acid uptake and metabolism in adipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 29(3):411\u2013420","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6851_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300961","volume":"31","author":"W Chrapko","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chrapko W, Jurasz P, Radomski MW, Archer SL, Newman SC, Baker G, Lara N, Le Mell\u00e9do JM (2006) Alteration of decreased plasma NO metabolites and platelet NO synthase activity by Paroxetine in depressed patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 31(6):1286\u20131293","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"6851_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932670","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.932670","volume":"9","author":"C Du","year":"2022","unstructured":"Du C, Liu WJ, Yang J, Zhao SS, Liu HX (2022) The role of Branched-Chain amino acids and Branched-Chain \u03b1-Keto acid dehydrogenase kinase in metabolic disorders. Front Nutr 9:932670","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"19","key":"6851_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17219","volume":"318","author":"CA Emdin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Emdin CA, Khera AV, Kathiresan S (2017) Mendelian randomization. JAMA 318(19):1925\u20131926","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01806-1","volume":"28","author":"GR Fries","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fries GR, Saldana VA, Finnstein J, Rein T (2023) Molecular pathways of major depressive disorder converge on the synapse. Mol Psychiatry 28(1):284\u2013297","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6851_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55330-6_25","volume":"982","author":"A Gonzalez-Franquesa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Patti ME (2017) Insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Adv Exp Med Biol 982:465\u2013520","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6851_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12772","volume":"284","author":"M Hamer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamer M, Sharma N, Batty GD (2018) Association of objectively measured physical activity with brain structure: UK biobank study. J Intern Med 284(4):439\u2013443","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6851_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2003.08.010","volume":"14","author":"A Harkin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harkin A, Connor TJ, Burns MP, Kelly JP (2004) Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors augment the effects of serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in the forced swimming test. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 14(4):274\u2013281","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"6851_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34408","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","volume":"7","author":"G Hemani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hemani G, Zheng J, Elsworth B, Wade KH, Haberland V, Baird D, Laurin C, Burgess S, Bowden J, Langdon R et al (2018) The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome. Elife 7:e34408","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"7","key":"6851_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12070998","volume":"12","author":"K Hestad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hestad K, Alexander J, Rootwelt H, Aaseth JO (2022) The role of Tryptophan dysmetabolism and quinolinic acid in depressive and neurodegenerative diseases. Biomolecules 12(7):998","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"5","key":"6851_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051222","volume":"13","author":"CSH Ho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ho CSH, Tan TWK, Khoe HCH, Chan YL, Tay GWN, Tang TB (2024) Using an interpretable amino Acid-Based machine learning method to enhance the diagnosis of major depressive disorder. J Clin Med 13(5):1222","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6851_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0326-7","volume":"22","author":"DM Howard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Howard DM, Adams MJ, Clarke TK, Hafferty JD, Gibson J, Shirali M, Coleman JRI, Hagenaars SP, Ward J, Wigmore EM et al (2019) Genome-wide meta-analysis of depression identifies 102 independent variants and highlights the importance of the prefrontal brain regions. Nat Neurosci 22(3):343\u2013352","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-02987-4","volume":"377","author":"SRL Joca","year":"2019","unstructured":"Joca SRL, Sartim AG, Roncalho AL, Diniz CFA, Wegener G (2019) Nitric oxide signalling and antidepressant action revisited. Cell Tissue Res 377(1):45\u201358","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"6851_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-018-0201-4","volume":"41","author":"S K\u00f6lker","year":"2018","unstructured":"K\u00f6lker S (2018) Metabolism of amino acid neurotransmitters: the synaptic disorder underlying inherited metabolic diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 41(6):1055\u20131063","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-021-00670-z","volume":"20","author":"G Koochakpoor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Koochakpoor G, Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P (2021) Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids in relation to depression, anxiety and psychological distress. Nutr J 20(1):11","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12931-1","volume":"7","author":"SC Larsson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Larsson SC, Markus HS (2017) Branched-chain amino acids and alzheimer\u2019s disease: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 7(1):13604","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"6851_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034","volume":"27","author":"DA Lawlor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, Sterne JA, Timpson N, Davey Smith G (2008) Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology. Stat Med 27(8):1133\u20131163","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6851_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000092542","volume":"53","author":"BH Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee BH, Lee SW, Yoon D, Lee HJ, Yang JC, Shim SH, Kim DH, Ryu SH, Han C, Kim YK (2006) Increased plasma nitric oxide metabolites in suicide attempters. Neuropsychobiology 53(3):127\u2013132","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"6851_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291721003767","volume":"53","author":"S Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee S, Lee KH, Park KM, Park SJ, Kim WJ, Lee J, Kronbichler A, Smith L, Solmi M, Stubbs B et al (2023) Impact of data extraction errors in meta-analyses on the association between depression and peripheral inflammatory biomarkers: an umbrella review. Psychol Med 53(5):2017\u20132030","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"6851_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.04.124","volume":"382","author":"H Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li H, Liu Q, Shan Q, Xu H, Wang J, Liu L, Wang Y (2025) Identification of mitochondrial-related causal genes for major depression disorder via integrating multi-omics. J Affect Disord 382:540\u2013548","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2021.81","volume":"221","author":"E Logtenberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Logtenberg E, Overbeek MF, Pasman JA, Abdellaoui A, Luijten M, van Holst RJ, Vink JM, Denys D, Medland SE, Verweij KJH et al (2022) Investigating the causal nature of the relationship of subcortical brain volume with smoking and alcohol use. Br J Psychiatry 221(1):377\u2013385","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"6851_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_59_23","volume":"15","author":"G Majdizadeh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Majdizadeh G, Beytollahi M, Djazayery A, Movahedi A (2024) Role of branched and aromatic amino acids, diet inflammatory index, and anthropometric indices on mental health. Int J Prev Med 15:23","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"10161","key":"6851_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31948-2","volume":"392","author":"GS Malhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malhi GS, Mann JJ (2018) Depression. Lancet 392(10161):2299\u20132312","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-021-00117-8","volume":"7","author":"Y Moradi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moradi Y, Albatineh AN, Mahmoodi H, Gheshlagh RG (2021) The relationship between depression and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 7(1):4","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6851_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23951","volume":"32","author":"JD Mosley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mosley JD, Shi M, Agamasu D, Vaitinadin NS, Murthy VL, Shah RV, Bagheri M, Ferguson JF (2024) Branched-chain amino acids and type 2 diabetes: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Obes (Silver Spring) 32(2):423\u2013435","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"12","key":"6851_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01269-w","volume":"26","author":"J Pu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pu J, Liu Y, Gui S, Tian L, Yu Y, Song X, Zhong X, Chen X, Chen W, Zheng P et al (2021) Metabolomic changes in animal models of depression: a systematic analysis. Mol Psychiatry 26(12):7328\u20137336","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6851_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018","volume":"300","author":"GZ R\u00e9us","year":"2015","unstructured":"R\u00e9us GZ, Fries GR, Stertz L, Badawy M, Passos IC, Barichello T, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J (2015) The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 300:141\u2013154","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"6851_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E42","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12925","volume":"48","author":"Y Seko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seko Y, Sumida Y, Tanaka S, Mori K, Taketani H, Ishiba H, Hara T, Okajima A, Umemura A, Nishikawa T et al (2018) Insulin resistance increases the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res 48(3):E42\u2013E51","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"6851_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1552","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00134.2007","volume":"293","author":"P She","year":"2007","unstructured":"She P, Van Horn C, Reid T, Hutson SM, Cooney RN, Lynch CJ (2007) Obesity-related elevations in plasma leucine are associated with alterations in enzymes involved in branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293(6):E1552\u20131563","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"6851_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2361","volume":"9","author":"M Slatkin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Slatkin M (2008) Linkage disequilibrium\u2013understanding the evolutionary past and mapping the medical future. Nat Rev Genet 9(6):477\u2013485","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15496","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42720-y","volume":"13","author":"Z Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang Z, Zhen Y, Zhang L, Liu X, Ma J (2023) Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in first hospitalization for major depression disorder patients. Sci Rep 13(1):15496","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"6851_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.11.013","volume":"167","author":"DC T\u0103rlungeanu","year":"2016","unstructured":"T\u0103rlungeanu DC, Deliu E, Dotter CP, Kara M, Janiesch PC, Scalise M, Galluccio M, Tesulov M, Morelli E, Sonmez FM et al (2016) Impaired amino acid transport at the blood brain barrier is a cause of autism spectrum disorder. Cell 167(6):1481\u20131494e1418","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"6851_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j2353","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2353","volume":"357","author":"A Topiwala","year":"2017","unstructured":"Topiwala A, Allan CL, Valkanova V, Zsoldos E, Filippini N, Sexton C, Mahmood A, Fooks P, Singh-Manoux A, Mackay CE et al (2017) Moderate alcohol consumption as risk factor for adverse brain outcomes and cognitive decline: longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 357:j2353","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.06.005","volume":"101","author":"PM Visscher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Visscher PM, Wray NR, Zhang Q, Sklar P, McCarthy MI, Brown MA, Yang J (2017) 10 years of GWAS discovery: biology, function, and translation. Am J Hum Genet 101(1):5\u201322","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"6851_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.053","volume":"349","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Cai X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Pan CW, Zhu X, Ke C (2024) Metabolomics on depression: A comparison of clinical and animal research. J Affect Disord 349:559\u2013568","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6851_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935858","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.935858","volume":"16","author":"AM Whipp","year":"2022","unstructured":"Whipp AM, Heinonen-Guzejev M, Pietil\u00e4inen KH, van Kamp I, Kaprio J (2022) Branched-chain amino acids linked to depression in young adults. Front Neurosci 16:935858","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"6851_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.2.238","volume":"167","author":"DJ Williamson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Williamson DJ, McTavish SF, Park SB, Cowen PJ (1995) Effect of valine on 5-HT-mediated prolactin release in healthy volunteers, and on mood in remitted depressed patients. Br J Psychiatry 167(2):238\u2013242","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"6851_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315896","volume":"126","author":"H Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu H, Ballantyne CM (2020) Metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Circ Res 126(11):1549\u20131564","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"6851_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15071580","volume":"15","author":"H Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu H, Wang X, Geng G, Xu X, Liu L, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang L, Li Y (2023a) Association of Circulating Branched-Chain amino acids with cardiovascular diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Nutrients 15(7):1580","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"6851_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.019","volume":"42","author":"H Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu H, Wang X, Xu X, Liu L, Zhang Y, Yan X, Zhang Y, Dang K, Li Y (2023b) Association of plasma branched-chain amino acid with multiple cancers: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Clin Nutr 42(12):2493\u20132502","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"6851_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12976","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17207-x","volume":"12","author":"B Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang B, Huang X, Wang X, Chen X, Zheng C, Shao W, Wang G, Zhang W (2022) Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and alzheimer\u2019s disease. Sci Rep 12(1):12976","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6851_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.009","volume":"104","author":"O Zhenyukh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhenyukh O, Civantos E, Ruiz-Ortega M, S\u00e1nchez MS, V\u00e1zquez C, Peir\u00f3 C, Egido J, Mas S (2017) High concentration of branched-chain amino acids promotes oxidative stress, inflammation and migration of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells via mTORC1 activation. Free Radic Biol Med 104:165\u2013177","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"}],"container-title":["Psychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T10:02:46Z","timestamp":1770372166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6851"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-025-06851-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3158","1432-2072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3158","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"All authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}