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However, its specific role in shaping social behavior and decision-making remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to identify a vulnerable phenotype characterized by compulsive alcohol drinking and evaluate its behavioral alterations within the social behavior and cognitive processes domains of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), considering sex as a modulatory factor.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Male and female Wistar rats were exposed to Schedule-Induced Polydipsia (SIP), first with water and then with alcohol. Distinct groups were formed based on intake patterns following a cluster-based analysis. We then assessed social subordination with the social dominance tube test (SDTT), sociability and social novelty with the three-chambered Crawley\u2019s test (3CT), and decision-making with the rodent Gambling Task (rGT).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n We identified four distinct behavioral profiles: Low Compulsive, Compulsive Alcohol, Compulsive Water, and High Compulsive. This segmentation revealed sex-specific distributions: males were overrepresented in high alcohol consumption clusters, while females were more prevalent in low-consumption profiles, indicating sex-related susceptibility. The High Compulsive phenotype diverged from the Compulsive Alcohol group, showing lower hierarchical status and a less risky decision-making strategy, whereas no significant differences were found in overall social interaction between groups. However, general alcohol consumption diminished general sociability and abolished sex differences, suggesting a disruption of innate social motivation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n These findings support that the combination of compulsivity and alcohol intake increases behavioral vulnerability, specifically in domains of social competence and decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-025-06895-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T06:05:43Z","timestamp":1758002743000},"page":"1077-1097","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex differences in compulsive alcohol drinking phenotypes: implications for decision-making and social behavior in a preclinical model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Olmedo-C\u00f3rdoba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Juan","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"L\u00f3pez-Villegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Mart\u00edn-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7336-6167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarita","family":"Moreno-Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"6895_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000356","volume":"32","author":"Y Allami","year":"2018","unstructured":"Allami Y, Vitaro F, Brendgen M et al (2018) Identifying at-risk profiles and protective factors for problem gambling: A longitudinal study across adolescence and early adulthood. 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