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In a second group of Long-Evans rats, females and males were trained to self-administer 10% sucrose and then injected within-subject with U50,488 or vehicle in the rostral or caudal NAc shell, prior to being tested in a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injection of U50,488 into the caudal but not rostral NAc shell reduced the number of entries into the light chamber of a light-dark box, while injection of U50,488 into the rostral but not caudal NAc shell reduced ethanol drinking. Injection of U50,488 into neither the rostral nor the caudal NAc shell had any effect on any measure of sucrose intake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present findings confirm and extend previous findings regarding the effects of KOR activation in subregions of the NAc shell on affective and motivated behavior. These results support a continued focus on the KOR as a possible pharmacotherapeutic target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-025-06931-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T02:47:45Z","timestamp":1761187665000},"page":"1255-1269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of kappa-opioid receptor stimulation on addiction-related behavior in female rats: differences along the rostro-caudal axis of the nucleus accumbens shell"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Annie","family":"Hawks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary B.","family":"Spodnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm C.","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavin","family":"Vaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brody A.","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan N.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8271-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anushree N.","family":"Karkhanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica R.","family":"Barson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6931_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2016.00045","volume":"10","author":"RI Anderson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anderson RI, Lopez MF, Becker HC (2016) Stress-induced enhancement of ethanol intake in C57BL\/6J mice with a history of chronic ethanol exposure: involvement of kappa opioid receptors. 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