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Following baseline assessment, rats were exposed to seven weeks of ethanol vapor (4\u00a0h\/day, 4 days\/week) or air control conditions while operant testing continued. Ethanol no-choice sessions were conducted to assess behavior in the absence of sucrose. Choice behavior and intake were also evaluated following cessation of vapor exposure. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Replicating our previous findings, concurrent sucrose access reduced ethanol self-administration relative to ethanol no-choice sessions. During vapor exposure, vapor-exposed rats demonstrated progressive reductions in ethanol-directed choice and ethanol intake alongside concurrent increases in sucrose intake, while controls maintained stable behavior. Reverting to ethanol-only no-choice sessions increased ethanol intake across groups; however, vapor-exposed rats continued to consume less ethanol than controls. Following vapor cessation, lower ethanol-directed choice persisted in vapor-exposed rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest that exposure to ethanol vapor alone may not be sufficient to increase ethanol-directed behavioral allocation when assessed in a concurrent choice operant paradigm. As such, conclusions drawn from vapor-based models may depend critically on the environmental context, such as availability of alternative reinforcers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-026-07141-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T02:13:37Z","timestamp":1786155217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Chronic ethanol vapor exposure suppresses ethanol self-administration and behavioral allocation in a concurrent operant choice paradigm in male and female Long Evans rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Olivia A.","family":"Colarusso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Weiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"7141_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.10.032","volume":"96","author":"KP Abrahao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abrahao KP, Salinas AG, Lovinger DM (2017) Alcohol and the Brain: Neuronal Molecular Targets, Synapses, and Circuits. 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