{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:45:49Z","timestamp":1782470749386,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["653409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["653409"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anal Bioanal Chem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ion mobility spectrometers can detect gaseous compounds at atmospheric pressure in the range of parts per trillion within a second. Due to their fast response times, high sensitivity, and limited instrumental effort, they are used in a variety of applications, especially as mobile or hand-held devices. However, most real-life samples are gas mixtures, which can pose a challenge for IMS with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mainly due to competing gas-phase ionization processes. Therefore, we present a miniaturized drift tube IMS coupled to a compact gas chromatograph for pre-separation, built of seven bundled standard GC columns (Rtx-Volatiles, Restek GmbH) with 250\u00a0\u03bcm ID and 1.07\u00a0m in length. Such pre-separation significantly reduces chemical cross sensitivities caused by competing gas-phase ionization processes and adds orthogonality. Our miniaturized GC-IMS system is characterized with alcohols, halocarbons, and ketones as model substances, reaching detection limits down to 70\u00a0ppt<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub> with IMS averaging times of just 125\u00a0ms. It separates test mixtures of ketones and halocarbons within 180\u00a0s and 50\u00a0s, respectively. The IMS has a short drift length of 40.6\u00a0mm and reaches a high resolving power of <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>P<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200968.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-020-03059-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T22:02:36Z","timestamp":1605996156000},"page":"1009-1016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Towards a hand-held, fast, and sensitive gas chromatograph-ion mobility spectrometer for detecting volatile compounds"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"413","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4753-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Ahrens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3059_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b16109","volume-title":"Ion mobility spectrometry","author":"GA Eiceman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eiceman GA, Karpas Z, Hill HH. Ion mobility spectrometry. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2013.","edition":"3"},{"key":"3059_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yousef A, Shrestha S, Viehland LA, Lee EPF, Gray BR, Ayles VL, et al. Interaction potentials and transport properties of coinage metal cations in rare gases. J Chem Phys. 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.2774977 .","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2774977"},{"key":"3059_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/3527602852","volume-title":"Transport properties of ions in gases","author":"EA Mason","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mason EA, McDaniel EW. Transport properties of ions in gases. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 1988."},{"key":"3059_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kirk AT, Allers M, Cochems P, Langej\u00fcrgen J, Zimmermann S. A compact high resolution ion mobility spectrometer for fast trace gas analysis. 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